Histomorphometric Analysis of the Human Umbilical Cord and Its Vessels in Pregnant Women with Anemia: A Case-Control Study

• DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_648_24
• Publication Date: 2025-04-11T12:00:55Z
• Authors: I Ahmed; A Elmugabil; MM Salih; LE Ali; AA Siniyeh; EH Khalifa; SM Hanafy; I Adam
• Keywords: Interquartile range

Background: Anemia during pregnancy is a significant public health concern as it associated with adverse maternal and fetal consequences. Aim: To assess the histomorphometric changes in umbilical cord an indicator of physiological dysfunction to evaluate impact anemia on development. Methods: A case-control study was conducted explore UC its vessels women Central Sudan. The following parameters were studied using ImageJ software: vessel area (VA), wall (WA), lumen (LA), mean thickness boundary (MWTB), skeleton (MWTS), external diameter (EDS). Results: UCs 73 102 without anemia. Only one woman had severe (hemoglobin level, <7 g/dl). Maternal age, parity, gestational age showed no differences between However, median (interquartile range) birth weight significantly lower than those [3.29 (2.91‒3.58) g vs 3.42 (3.09‒3.77) g, P = 0.043]. None investigated variables (VVA, WA, LA), MWTB, MWTS, EDS) did not differ No correlations found hemoglobin levels parameters. Conclusion: current difference nonsevere form may explain results this study. Therefore, further research required regard. Data Access Statement: data supporting findings are available from corresponding author upon reasonable request. Due ethical privacy concerns, some be restricted accordance institutional regulatory guidelines.