Feeding Different Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Sources Influences Renal Fatty Acid Composition, Inflammation, and Occurrence of Nephrocalcinosis in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats

• DOI: 10.4236/fns.2013.49a1020
• Publication Date: 2013-09-09T23:41:35Z
• Authors: Joseph C. Gigliotti; Vagner A. Benedito; Ryan Livengood; Chris Oldaker; Nainika Nanda; Janet C. Tou
• Keywords: alpha-Linolenic acid; Docosapentaenoic acid

The general population is encouraged to increase omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) intake in order optimize health for preventative care. Consumers are typically unaware that different amounts, types, and structural forms of n-3 PUFA have efficacy. Therefore, the objectives this study were characterize sources PUFAs determine whether consumption these oils influences renal composition health. Lipid classes profile corn (CO), flaxseed (FO), menhaden (MO), salmon (SO), tuna (TO) or krill (KO) determined by thin-layer gas chromatography. All dietary consisted >65% triglyceride with exception KO. KO FO also contained phospholipids. was rich PUFA, alpha-linolenic (18:3n-3) whereas, marine long-chain (>18 carbons). Following characterization oil sources, female Sprague-Dawley rats (age 28 d) randomly assigned (n = 10/group) be fed a high fat 12% (wt) diet consisting 8 weeks. Rats MO, TO, SO had significantly higher eicosapentaenoic (20:5n-3) docosahexaenoic (22:6n-3) deposition turn, modulated inflammatory responses. Feeding TO reduced urinary excretion 13,14-dihydro-15-keto prostaglandin E2. (P ≤ 0.002) nuclear factor kappa B activity circulating TNFα P < 0.001) phosphorus associated phospholipids content results indicated effects varied depending on source consumed.