Genotoxicity, cytotoxicity and toxicological evaluation of whole plant extracts of the medicinal plant Phyllanthus niruri (Phyllanthaceae)

• DOI: 10.4238/2012.january.13.3
• Publication Date: 2012-01-16T11:16:16Z
• Authors: G.A. Asare; K. Bugyei; A. Sittie; E.S. Yahaya; B. Gyan; S. Adjei; P. Addo; E.K. Wiredu; D.N. Adjei; A.K. Nyarko
• Keywords: Phyllanthus

Phyllanthus niruri is a medicinal plant (commonly known as stone breaker) found in the tropics and other parts of world. It for its capacity to block formation calcium oxalate crystals kidney urolithiasis. This has been used treat hyperglycemia, hypertension, pain, mild cases malaria. We examined geno-, cyto- overall toxicity P. whole ethanolic extract. The extract was administered single dose 30 or 300 mg/kg laboratory rats by gavage, accompanied negative (0.9% saline) positive (10 mg/mL N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea) controls that were injected intramuscularly 48 h after administration. ratio polychromatic (PCE)/normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) from femur bone marrow scored genotoxicity. Cytotoxicity determined using descending concentrations (0.2-0.0125 g/mL) incubated with peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Lactate dehydrogenase release damaged cells CC(50) calculated. Subchronic administration at done 90 days determine general toxicity. PCE:NCE (%) control 63, compared 168 (positive control). 26.3 hepato-renal subchronic nil. conclude ethanol not cytotoxic genotoxic, generally non-toxic on