How does orthographic learning happen

• DOI: 10.4324/9780203841211-16
• Publication Date: 2006-10-26
• Authors: Anne Castles; Kate Nation
• Keywords: Orthography; Spelling; Learning to read

Word recognition develops with such remarkable speed that, by the end of eighth grade, we expect children learning to read English know and recognize over 80,000 words (Adams, 1990). At a basic level, beginning readers must establish system of mappings or correspondences between letters or graphemes written phonemes spoken (Ehri, 1992), it is generally thought that this alphabetic decoding is underpinned phonological skills (Brady & Shankweiler, 1991; Byrne, 1998; Goswami Bryant, To become accurate efficient readers of the language, however, need do more than assemble or decode pronunciations on basis spelling-sound mappings. They need acquire rapid flexible word-recognition embodies knowledge both regularities irregularities English orthography.