Measuring deformed neutron skin with free spectator nucleons in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2301.07893
• Publication Date: 2023-01-01
• Authors: Lu-Meng Liu; Jun Xu; Guang-Xiong Peng
• Keywords: Glauber

The neutron skin in deformed nuclei is generally not uniformly distributed but has an angular distribution, depending on both the spin-dependent nuclear interaction and symmetry energy. To extract information of skin, we have explored possibility using free spectator nucleons central tip-tip body-body collisions at top RHIC energy with four typical nuclei. density distributions neutrons protons are consistently obtained from Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov calculation, distribution can be varied by adjusting strength spin-orbit coupling. With based a Monte-Carlo Glauber model, generated multifragmentation process. By investigating results different systems collision configurations, found that although it difficult to probe $^{96}$Zr $^{238}$U their collisions, promising polar $^{96}$Ru $^{197}$Au comparing yield ratios collisions. proposed observables measured dedicated zero-degree calorimeters heavy-ion experiments been carried out recent years RHIC.