Transverse single-spin asymmetry of charged hadrons at forward and backward rapidity in polarized $p$+$p$, $p$+Al, and $p$+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV

• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2303.07191
• Publication Date: 2023-01-01
• Authors: Abdulameer, N. J.; Acharya, U.; Aidala, C.; Akiba, Y.; Alfred, M.; Andrieux, V.; Apadula, N.; Asano, H.; Azmoun, B.; Babintsev, V.; Bandara, N. S.; Barish, K. N.; Bathe, S.; Bazilevsky, A.; Beaumier, M.; Belmont, R.; Berdnikov, A.; Berdnikov, Y.; Bichon, L.; Blankenship, B.; Blau, D. S.; Bok, J. S.; Borisov, V.; Brooks, M. L.; Bryslawskyj, J.; Bumazhnov, V.; Campbell, S.; Roman, V. Canoa; Cervantes, R.; Chiu, M.; Chi, C. Y.; Choi, I. J.; Choi, J. B.; Citron, Z.; Connors, M.; Corliss, R.; Morales, Y. Corrales; Cronin, N.; Csanád, M.; Csörgő, T.; Danley, T. W.; Daugherity, M. S.; David, G.; Dean, C. T.; DeBlasio, K.; Dehmelt, K.; Denisov, A.; Deshpande, A.; Desmond, E. J.; Dion, A.; Dixit, D.; Doomra, V.; Do, J. H.; Drees, A.; Drees, K. A.; Durham, J. M.; Durum, A.; En'yo, H.; Enokizono, A.; Esha, R.; Fadem, B.; Fan, W.; Feege, N.; Fields, D. E.; Finger, Jr., M.; Finger, M.; Firak, D.; Fitzgerald, D.; Fokin, S. L.; Frantz, J. E.; Franz, A.; Frawley, A. D.; Fukuda, Y.; Gallus, P.; Gal, C.; Garg, P.; Ge, H.; Giles, M.; Giordano, F.; Goto, Y.; Grau, N.; Greene, S. V.; Perdekamp, M. Grosse; Gunji, T.; Guragain, H.; Hachiya, T.; Haggerty, J. S.; Hahn, K. I.; Hamagaki, H.; Hamilton, H. F.; Hanks, J.; Han, S. Y.; Harvey, M.; Hasegawa, S.; Haseler, T. O. S.; Hemmick, T. K.; He, X.; Hill, J. C.; Hill, K.; Hodges, A.; Hollis, R. S.; Homma, K.; Hong, B.; Hoshino, T.; Hotvedt, N.; Huang, J.; Imai, K.; Inaba, M.; Iordanova, A.; Isenhower, D.; Ivanishchev, D.; Jacak, B. V.; Jezghani, M.; Jiang, X.; Ji, Z.; Johnson, B. M.; Jouan, D.; Jumper, D. S.; Kang, J. H.; Kapukchyan, D.; Karthas, S.; Kawall, D.; Kazantsev, A. V.; Khachatryan, V.; Khanzadeev, A.; Khatiwada, A.; Kim, C.; Kim, E. -J.; Kim, M.; Kim, T.; Kincses, D.; Kingan, A.; Kistenev, E.; Klatsky, J.; Kline, P.; Koblesky, T.; Kotov, D.; Kovacs, L.; Kudo, S.; Kurgyis, B.; Kurita, K.; Kwon, Y.; Lajoie, J. G.; Larionova, D.; Lebedev, A.; Lee, S.; Lee, S. H.; Leitch, M. J.; Leung, Y. H.; Lewis, N. A.; Lim, S. H.; Liu, M. X.; Li, X.; Loggins, V. -R.; Loomis, D. A.; Lovasz, K.; Lynch, D.; Lökös, S.; Majoros, T.; Makdisi, Y. I.; Makek, M.; Manko, V. I.; Mannel, E.; McCumber, M.; McGaughey, P. L.; McGlinchey, D.; McKinney, C.; Mendoza, M.; Mignerey, A. C.; Milov, A.; Mishra, D. K.; Mitchell, J. T.; Mitrankova, M.; Mitrankov, Iu.; Mitsuka, G.; Miyasaka, S.; Mizuno, S.; Mondal, M. M.; Montuenga, P.; Moon, T.; Morrison, D. P.; Muhammad, A.; Mulilo, B.; Murakami, T.; Murata, J.; Nagai, K.; Nagashima, K.; Nagashima, T.; Nagle, J. L.; Nagy, M. I.; Nakagawa, I.; Nakano, K.; Nattrass, C.; Nelson, S.; Niida, T.; Nouicer, R.; Novitzky, N.; Novák, T.; Nukazuka, G.; Nyanin, A. S.; Ogilvie, C. A.; Yanovich, A.
• Keywords: nucleus; FOS: Physical sciences; GeV; transverse momentum; [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]; 541; 01 natural sciences; High Energy Physics - Experiment; transverse; High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex); rapidity; 0103 physical sciences; [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]; hadron; asymmetry

322 authors from 70 institutions, 13 pages, 9 figures, 13 tables, one appendix, 2015 data. v2 is version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D. HEPData tables for the points plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.html<br/>Reported here are transverse single-spin asymmetries ($A_{N}$) in the production of charged hadrons as a function of transverse momentum ($p_T$) and Feynman-$x$ ($x_F$) in polarized $p^{\uparrow}$+$p$, $p^{\uparrow}$+Al, and $p^{\uparrow}$+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV. The measurements have been performed at forward and backward rapidity ($1.4<|η|<2.4$) over the range of $1.50$) in $p^{\uparrow}$+$p$ collisions, whereas the $p^{\uparrow}$+Al and $p^{\uparrow}$+Au results show smaller asymmetries. This finding provides new opportunities to investigate the origin of transverse single-spin asymmetries and a tool to study nuclear effects in $p$+$A$ collisions.<br/>