Physiological responses of food animals to road transportation stress

• DOI: 10.5897/ajb2010.000-3309
• Publication Date: 2010-10-04
• Authors: Ndazo Salka Minka; Joseph Olusegun Ayo
• Keywords: Industrialisation

The increasing demand in proteins to feed the ever-growing world population has necessitated industrialization and transportation of livestock using different means across several ecological zones with climatic conditions. stress factors acting on animals during road are numerous responses animal them complex, non-specific often detrimental their health productivity. In spite recommendations guidelines by many countries welfare transport order streaked compliance transporters, studies still report severe problems food animals. This review, a new approach examines effects individual or combination factors, such as: handling, loading, unloading, vehicle type design, driving methods, noise vibration, stocking rate/density, journey duration, conditions general implication physiological parameters transported review provides an insight possible areas intervention adoption improved innovative management strategies toward improving Key words: Animal welfare, animal, stress, transportation.