Enhancer regions show high histone H3.3 turnover that changes during differentiation

• DOI: 10.7554/elife.15316
• Publication Date: 2016-06-15T17:38:07Z
• Authors: Aimee M Deaton; Mariluz Gómez-Ro...; Jakub Mieczkowski; Michael Y Tolstor...; Sharmistha Kundu; Ruslan I Sadreyev; Lars ET Jansen; Robert E Kingston
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; Time Factors; Mouse; QH301-705.5; Science; histone H3.3; 630; Histones; Mice; 03 medical and health sciences; stem cells; Animals; Biology (General); Q; turnover; R; Cell Differentiation; Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells; differentiation; DNA; genes and chromosomes; Nucleosomes; Enhancer Elements, Genetic; Genes and Chromosomes; chromatin; Medicine; Protein Binding

The organization of DNA into chromatin is dynamic; nucleosomes are frequently displaced to facilitate the ability regulatory proteins access specific elements. To gain insight nucleosome dynamics, and follow how dynamics change during differentiation, we used a technique called time-ChIP quantitatively assess histone H3.3 turnover genome-wide differentiation mouse ESCs. We found that, without prior assumptions, high could be identify regions involved in gene regulation. High was seen at enhancers, as observed previously, with particularly super-enhancers. In contrast, associated repressive Polycomb-Group showed low Turnover correlated accessibility. Upon numerous changes rates were observed, majority which occurred enhancers. Thus, measurement shows that active enhancers unusually dynamic ESCs highly predominate differentiation.