A nicotinamide metabolism-related gene signature for predicting immunotherapy response and prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma patients

• DOI: 10.7717/peerj.18991
• Publication Date: 2025-02-27T08:12:37Z
• Authors: Meng Wang; Wei Li; Fang Zhou; Zheng Wang; Xiaoteng Jia; Xingpeng Han
• Keywords: Nomogram; Univariate; Gene signature

Background Nicotinamide (NAM) metabolism fulfills crucial functions in tumor progression. The present study aims to establish a NAM metabolism-correlated gene (NMRG) signature assess the immunotherapy response and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods training set validation (the GSE31210 dataset) were collected Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), respectively. Molecular subtypes LUAD classified by consensus clustering. Mutation landscape top 20 somatic genes was visualized maftools package. Subsequently, differential expression analysis conducted using limma package, univariate, multivariate LASSO regression analyses performed on screened construct risk model for LUAD. Next, MCP-counter, TIMER ESTIMATE algorithms utilized comprehensively immune microenvironmental profile patients different groups. efficacy chemotherapy drugs evaluated TIDE score pRRophetic A nomogram created integrating RiskScore clinical features. mRNA expressions independent prognostic NMRGs migration invasion cells measured carrying out cellular assays. Results Two (C1 C2) classified, with C1 subtype showing worse than C2. three high mutation frequency C2 TTN (45.25%), FLG (25.25%), ZNF536 (19.8%). Four ( GJB3 , CPA3 DKK1 KRT6A ) used model, which exhibited strong predictive performance. High-risk group showed low cell infiltration, score, prognosis, this drug sensitivity Cisplatin, Erlotinib, Paclitaxel, Saracatini, CGP_082996. established an accurate diagnostic all high- expressed cells, silencing inhibited cells. Conclusion novel NMRG developed, contributing evaluation personalized treatment patients.