The Sweatt model has been extensively used to design optical systems containing diffractive elements (DOEs) because it captures the dispersive characteristics of DOEs. We introduce a new (DSM) that can describe meta-atom (MA) dispersion, which material and geometric contributions in addition diffraction. It uses wavelength-dependent scalar coefficient modify dispersion given MA basis. This provides robust framework metasurface (MS) while including their unique properties optimization....

Hybrid lenses are created by combining metasurface optics with refractive optics, where elements contribute optical power, while metasurfaces correct aberrations. We present an algorithm for optimizing nanostructures within a hybrid lens, allowing flexible interleaving of and in the train. To efficiently optimize nanostructures, we develop scalar field, ray-wave propagation method. This method facilitates incident derived adjoint fields through elements, enabling effective optimization...

A method for designing multi-metasurface layouts optical aberration correction is presented. All-dielectric metasurfaces are combined with conventional refractive optics to form a hybrid lens. The power of lens primarily provided by optics, and optimized control aberrations. This approach greatly reduces the magnitude phase gradient required largescale metasurface hence its diffraction loss. An inverse design technique incorporated optimize all physical parameters on minimize image spots...

Metasurfaces (MSs) have emerged as a promising technology for optical system design. When combined with traditional refractive optics, MS-refractive hybrid lenses can enhance imaging performance, reduce aberrations, and introduce new functionalities such polarization control. However, modeling these requires advanced simulation techniques that usually go beyond conventional raytracing tools. This work presents physical optics framework lenses. We ray-wave method integrates multiple...

Internal photoemission (IPE) across an n-type Schottky junction due to standard AM1.5G solar illumination is quantified with practical considerations for Cu, Ag, and Al under direct fully nondirect transitions, all in the context of constant matrix element approximation. Under photoemitted electrons from d bands dominate photocurrent exhibit a strong dependence on barrier energy ΦB but are less sensitive change metal thickness. Photocurrent shown be nearly completely contributed by s-state...

Solar energy conversion via internal photoemission (IPE) across a planar p-type Schottky junction is quantified for aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) in the framework of direct transitions with non-constant matrix elements. Transition probabilities k-resolved group velocities are obtained based on pseudo-wavefunction expansions realistic band structures using pseudopotential method. The number transitions, hole photocurrent density, quantum yield (QY), power efficiency (PCE) under AM1.5G solar...

A new metric for imaging systems, the volumetric efficiency (VIE), is introduced. It compares compactness and capacity of an imager against fundamental limits imposed by diffraction. Two models are proposed this limit based on idealized thin-lens optical volume required to form diffraction-limited images. The VIE computed 2,871 lens designs plotted as a function FOV; quantifies challenge creating compact, wide FOV lenses. We identify empirical given < 0.920 × 10 −0.582×FOV when using...

We present an approach for the physical optics modeling of metasurface-refractive hybrid lenses, emphasizing task monitoring polarization variations as beam propagates through lens. To address this, we introduce a ray/wave propagation scheme capable tracking information propagates. Through series case studies, demonstrate applicability our to both polarization-dependent and polarization-independent lenses.

The Sweatt model has been extensively used to design optical systems containing diffractive elements (DOEs) because it captures the dispersive characteristics of DOEs. We introduce a new Dispersive Model (DSM) that can describe meta-atom (MA) dispersion which material and geometric contributions in addition diffraction. It uses wavelength-dependent scalar coefficient modify given MA basis. This provides robust framework metasurface (MS) while including their unique properties optimization....

The Sweatt model has been extensively used to design optical systems containing diffractive elements (DOEs) because it captures the dispersive characteristics of DOEs. We introduce a new Dispersive Model (DSM) that can describe meta-atom (MA) dispersion which material and geometric contributions in addition diffraction. It uses wavelength-dependent scalar coefficient modify given MA basis. This provides robust framework metasurface (MS) while including their unique properties optimization....

The Sweatt model has been extensively used to design optical systems containing diffractive elements (DOEs) because it captures the dispersive characteristics of DOEs. We introduce a new Dispersive Model (DSM) that can describe meta-atom (MA) dispersion which material and geometric contributions in addition diffraction. It uses wavelength-dependent scalar coefficient modify given MA basis. This provides robust framework metasurface (MS) while including their unique properties optimization....

The Sweatt model has been extensively used to design optical systems containing diffractive elements (DOEs) because it captures the dispersive characteristics of DOEs. We introduce a new Dispersive Model (DSM) that can describe meta-atom (MA) dispersion which material and geometric contributions in addition diffraction. It uses wavelength-dependent scalar coefficient modify given MA basis. This provides robust framework metasurface (MS) while including their unique properties optimization....

Plasmon-enhanced sensitive photodetection using plasmonic noble metals has been widely investigated; however, aluminum (Al)-based photoelectric conversion concurrently utilizing photonic and approaches is less explored. Here, driven by quasi-localized plasmon resonance (QLPR) investigated. Concurrent contributions to strong absorption in the active region require delocalized, slow-propagating resonant electric field occur around peripheries of Al nano-structures depend on spatial...

Abstract Although hot-carrier-based photodetection using plasmonic effects has been widely investigated, photodetectors of this type with an external quantum efficiency (EQE) <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <m:mo>&gt;</m:mo> <m:mn>1</m:mn> <m:mi>%</m:mi> </m:math> ${ &gt;}1\%$ and active area <m:mo>&lt;</m:mo> ${&lt; }1$ mm 2 remain out reach even in the visible frequencies. In work, a novel hot-electron-based, non-trench-type photodetector exploiting pure...

We combine metasurface optics and refractive to form hybrid lenses, where the elements provide optical power but metasurfaces are used correct aberrations. introduce an algorithm optimize layout of (MSs) in lens designs MSs can be located anywhere train. This uses a ray-based, scalar field method propagate through with speed comparable Fourier methods, which limited propagation between planar surfaces. supports real fields derived adjoint fields, both forward backward, enables inverse design...

Metasurface optics and refractive are combined to form hybrid lenses, where the elements provide optical power but metasurfaces used correct aberrations. We introduce an algorithm optimize metasurface nanostructures in a lens with freedom arbitrarily interleave train. A scalar field, ray-wave propagation method is developed propagate incident derived adjoint fields through elements, enabling efficient nanostructure optimization under framework of gradient optimization. Several numerical...

Metasurface optics and refractive are combined to form hybrid lenses, where the elements provide optical power but metasurfaces used correct aberrations. We introduce an algorithm optimize metasurface nanostructures in a lens with freedom arbitrarily interleave train. A scalar field, ray-wave propagation method is developed propagate incident derived adjoint fields through elements, enabling efficient nanostructure optimization under framework of gradient optimization. Several numerical...

We present the design of a "hole" meta-atom basis, inverse nanorods, in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform with zinc sulfide (ZnS) anti-reflection (AR) layer that gives an average transmittance 92% across half midwave infrared (MWIR) band from 3.5 to 4.5 μm. numerically show this hole exhibits reduced phase dispersion MWIR compared archetypal rod geometry. Effective index modelling is shown accurately describe propagation delay through periodic array. Bloch eigenmode analysis further...

This publisher’s note contains corrections to [ Opt. Express 30 , 28438 ( 2022 ) 10.1364/OE.460941 ].

Inverse design of silicon-on-insulator metasurfaces for aberration correction purpose is demonstrated numerically. Here, image quality a bulk midwave infrared lens improved by combining it with two designed the adjoint gradient method to form hybrid imaging system.