X-ray diffraction measurements show that the high-temperature superconductor ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{6.54}$, with ortho-II oxygen order, has charge-density-wave order in absence of an applied magnetic field. The dominant wave vector charge density is ${\mathbf{q}}_{\mathrm{CDW}}=\mathbf{(}0,0.328(2),0.5\mathbf{)}$, in-plane component parallel to $\mathbf{b}$ axis (chain direction). It a similar incommensurability observed ortho-VIII and ortho-III samples, which have...

To explore the doping dependence of recently discovered charge density wave (CDW) order in YBa2Cu3Oy, we present a bulk-sensitive high-energy x-ray study for several oxygen concentrations, including strongly underdoped YBa2Cu3O6.44. Combined with previous data around so-called 1/8 doping, show that bulk CDW exists at least hole concentrations (p) CuO2 planes 0.078 <~ p 0.132. This implies close vicinity to quantum critical point spin (SDW) order. In contrast pseudogap temperature T*, onset...

Understanding the interaction between surfaces and their surroundings is crucial in many materials-science fields, such as catalysis, corrosion, thin-film electronics, but existing characterization methods have not been capable of fully determining structure during dynamic processes, catalytic reactions, a reasonable time frame. We demonstrate an x-ray-diffraction-based method that uses high-energy photons (85 kiloelectron volts) to provide unexpected gains data acquisition speed by several...

CO₂ methanation over Rh/CeO₂ and Ni/CeO₂ highlighting the different surface speciation during reaction as deduced from our study.

The stability of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) is a key issue before their selection for industrial applications. In this study, in-situ high-pressure and high-temperature synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction experiments have been performed on three typical HEAs Ni20Co20Fe20Mn20Cr20, Hf25Nb25Zr25Ti25, Re25Ru25Co25Fe25 (at. %), having face-centered cubic (fcc), body-centered (bcc), hexagonal close-packed (hcp) crystal structures, respectively, up to the pressure ∼80 GPa temperature ∼1262 K....

Atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis is the most powerful technique to study structure of condensed matter on length scale from short- long-range order. Today, PDF approach an integral part research amorphous, nanocrystalline and disordered materials bulk nanoparticle size. Thin films, however, demand specific experimental strategies for enhanced surface sensitivity sophisticated data treatment obtain high-quality data. The described here based high-energy X-ray diffraction...

Abstract A combination of complementary high-energy X-ray diffraction, containerless solidification during electromagnetic levitation and transmission electron microscopy is used to map in situ the phase evolution a prototype Cu-Zr-Al glass flash-annealing imposed at rate ranging from 10 2 3 K s −1 cooling liquid state. Such experimental techniques provides hitherto inaccessible insight into phase-transformation mechanism its kinetics with high temporal resolution over entire temperature...

The magnetic excitations in the cuprate superconductors might be essential for an understanding of high-temperature superconductivity. In these excitation spectrum resembles hour-glass and certain resonant within are believed to connected pairing mechanism, which is corroborated by observation a universal linear scaling superconducting gap resonance energy. So far, charge stripes widely involved physics spectra. Here we study isostructural cobaltate that also exhibits spectrum. Instead...

In situ high-energy surface X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the structure dynamics of a Pd(100) single crystal acting as model catalyst promote CO oxidation. The measurements were performed under semirealistic conditions, i.e., 100 mbar total gas pressure and 600 K sample temperature. studied in detail both steady flow gradually changing composition with time resolution 0.5 s. experimental technique allows for rapid reciprocal space mapping providing complete information on...

Significant developments of Li-ion batteries will be necessary to cope with the growing demands in electromobility or home storage (sustainable) electrical energy. A detailed knowledge on microscopic processes during battery cycling increasingly crucial for improvements. Involved phase changes at ambient temperature often involve metastable intermediate states, making both experimental observation and theoretical prediction process pathways difficult. Here we describe an situ high energy...

Additive manufacturing of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) allows for effective bypassing critical casting thickness constraints glassy alloys, opening up this exciting material class to new applications. An open question is how the laser processing such materials affects short-range structural order, a mediating parameter glass deformation. Synchrotron X-ray microdiffraction was used understand heterogeneity across build-planes selective melted Zr-based BMG. While negligible macroscopic in...

CuBi2 O4 has recently emerged as a promising photocathode for photo-electrochemical (PEC) water splitting. However, its fast degradation under operation currently poses limit to application. Here, we report novel method study operando the semiconductor-electrolyte interface during PEC by surface-sensitive high-energy X-ray scattering. We find that decrease in generated photocurrents correlates directly with formation of metallic Bi phase. further show slower Cu, well dissolution electrode...

Abstract Nanocrystal self‐assembly into supercrystals provides a versatile platform for creating novel materials and devices with tailored properties. While common strategies imply the use of purified nanoparticles after synthesis, conversion chemical precursors directly nanocrystals then in simple procedures has been rarely reported. Here, nucleation growth CuPd icosahedra their consecutive assembly large closed‐packed face‐centered cubic (fcc) are studied. To this end, study simultaneously...

We have performed a quantitative structure determination of the 5×5R27° surface oxide, formed on Pd(100) under semi-realistic conditions for catalytic CO oxidation, using in situ high-energy X-ray diffraction. describe experiment and extraction data detail. The structural results are agreement with previous reports system consisting single layer PdO(101) pure O2 top studied ultra-high vacuum conditions.

We report a ferroelectric order at ~ 98 K for NiFe2O4, which carries an inverse spinel structure with centrosymmetric Fd3m room temperature. The value of spontaneous electric polarization is considerably high as 0.29 {\mu}C/cm2 5 kV/cm poling field. decreases (~ 17 %) around liquid nitrogen temperature upon application 50 kOe field, proposing significant magnetoelectric coupling. synchrotron diffraction studies confirm structural transition to noncentrosymmetric P4122 space group. occurrence...

Synchrotron high-energy X-ray diffraction computed tomography has been employed to investigate, for the first time, commercial cylindrical Li-ion batteries electrochemically cycled over two cycling rates of C/2 and C/20. This technique yields maps crystalline components chemical species as a cross-section cell with high spatiotemporal resolution (550 × 550 images 20 3 µm3 voxel size in ca. 1 h). The recently developed Direct Least-Squares Reconstruction algorithm is used overcome well-known...

Abstract The discovery of unconventional superconductivity often triggers significant interest in associated electronic and structural symmetry breaking phenomena. For the infinite-layer nickelates, allotropes are investigated intensively. Here, using high-energy grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction, we demonstrate how in-situ temperature annealing nickelate PrNiO 2+ x ( ≈ 0) induces a giant superlattice structure. effect has maximum well above room temperature. By covering large scattering...

Beamline P21.1 at PETRA III uses high-energy photons for the investigation of materials structure by diffraction methods. The instrumentation is particularly suited probing ordering phenomena on a local scale in chemistry and physics. A detailed description detectors such experiments given. beamline supports number sample environments investigations under situ operando conditions, e.g. cryostats, furnaces, chemical reactors. Recent examples measurements amorphous, single-crystalline thin...

We report ferroelectricity around ∼88 K that appears well below TN (∼25 K), unlike other members of RCrO3 series. A synchrotron diffraction study suggests the occurrence in NdCrO3 is coupled to structural transformation from centrosymmetric Pnma a non-centrosymmetric Pna21 space group. strong magnetoelectric coupling observed electric polarization [P(T)]. This significantly influenced by magnetic field cooling effect, suggesting an exchange bias effect P(T). also revealed systematic shift...

Selective interactions of ions with charge-neutral saccharides can have far-reaching consequences in biological and wet-technological contexts but so far been observed only indirectly. Here, we directly quantify by total-reflection X-ray fluorescence the preferential accumulation near uncharged saccharide surfaces form glycolipid Langmuir monolayers at air/water interfaces exhibiting different levels structural ordering. from aqueous subphase are for featuring crystalline ordering...

We report a new multiferroic family of $(R,\mathrm{Y}){\mathrm{CrO}}_{4}(R=\mathrm{Sm},\mathrm{Gd},\text{and} \mathrm{Ho})$. The ferroelectric ordering temperatures are observed at much higher than their corresponding magnetic for all the members. values electric polarization ($P$) significantly high, which vary from $\ensuremath{\sim}217$ to $\ensuremath{\sim}640\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}{\mathrm{C}/\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ 4 kV/cm poling field. large value...

Particle sintering and reshaping constitute the main cause for catalyst deactivation. An atomic-scale understanding of correlation among structure, its support, gas phase under realistic reaction conditions is required suppression. In this study, we combined high-energy grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, in situ mass spectrometry, ex scanning electron microscopy, density functional theory calculations to unravel driving force behind composition-dependent particle shape changes processes...

Spectacular quantum phenomena such as superconductivity often emerge in flat-band systems where Coulomb interactions overpower electron kinetics. Engineering strategies for physics is therefore of great importance. Here, using high-energy grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction, we demonstrate how in-situ temperature annealing the infinite-layer nickelate PrNiO$_2$ induces a giant superlattice structure. The effect has maximum well above room temperature. By covering large scattering volume,...

We report appearance of polar order with a ordering temperature $({T}_{C})$ at 28 K, which is well below the ferrimagnetic 225 K $({T}_{N})$ for ${\mathrm{CoCr}}_{2}{\mathrm{S}}_{4}$. Intriguingly, value spontaneous electric polarization $(P)$ $\ensuremath{\sim}122 \ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{C}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ 15 second largest in Cr octahedra-based spinels after ${\mathrm{CdCr}}_{2}{\mathrm{S}}_{4}$. Incidentally, $P$ $\ensuremath{\sim}60$ times larger than oxide counterpart...