A5086741906- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Bird parasitology and diseases
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Travel-related health issues
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Complement system in diseases
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Global Health and Surgery
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Maternal and fetal healthcare
- Phytoplasmas and Hemiptera pathogens
University of Ghana
2016-2025
Korle Bu Teaching Hospital
2018-2024
MRC Unit the Gambia
2020
Kenya Medical Research Institute
2009-2018
National Institute of Biomedical Research
2018
Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology
2012-2016
Insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) are known to be highly effective in reducing malaria morbidity and mortality. However, usage varies among households, such variations actual may seriously limit the potential impact of cause spatial heterogeneity on transmission. This study examined ITN ownership underlying factors for among-household variation use, transmission two highland regions western Kenya. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted (possession), compliance (actual those who own ITNs),...
Background The impact of insecticide treated nets (ITNs) on reducing malaria incidence is shown mainly through data collection from health facilities. Routine evaluation long-term epidemiological and entomological dynamics currently unavailable. In Kenya, new policies supporting the provision free ITNs were implemented nationwide in June 2006. To evaluate impacts transmission, we conducted monthly surveys three sentinel sites with different transmission intensities western Kenya 2002 to...
Most rapid diagnostic tests for Plasmodium falciparum malaria target the Histidine-Rich Proteins 2 and 3 (HRP2 HRP3). Deletions of hrp2 hrp3 genes result in false-negative are a threat control. A novel assay molecular surveillance / deletions was developed based on droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). The quantifies , control gene with very high accuracy. theoretical limit detection 0.33 parasites/µl. deletion reliably detected mixed infections wild-type -deleted parasites at density >100...
Malaria causes more than 300 million clinical cases and 665,000 deaths each year, the majority of mortality morbidity occurs in sub-Saharan Africa. Due to lack effective vaccines wide-spread resistance antimalarial drugs, mosquito control is primary method malaria prevention control. Currently, vector relies on use insecticides, primarily pyrethroids. The extensive insecticides has imposed strong selection pressures for populations. Consequently, pyrethroids Anopheles gambiae, main Africa,...
The current status of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes and the effects insecticides on non-target insect species have raised need for alternative control methods malaria vectors. Predation has been suggested as one important regulation mechanisms vectors long-lasting aquatic habitats, but predation efficiency potential predators is largely unknown highlands western Kenya. In study, we examined five Anopheles gambiae s.s larvae 24 hour semi- field evaluations. Predators were collected...
<ns4:p><ns4:bold>Background: </ns4:bold><ns4:italic>Wolbachia</ns4:italic>, a common insect endosymbiotic bacterium that can influence pathogen transmission and manipulate host reproduction, has historically been considered absent from the <ns4:italic>Anopheles (An.) </ns4:italic>genera, but recently found in <ns4:italic>An. gambiae </ns4:italic>s.l. populations West Africa. As there are numerous </ns4:italic>species have capacity to transmit malaria, we analysed range of species across five...
Abstract We conducted standard insecticide susceptibility testing across western Kenya and found that the Anopheles gambiae mosquito has acquired high resistance to pyrethroids DDT, patchy carbamates, but no organophosphates. Use of non–pyrethroid-based vector control tools may be preferable for malaria prevention in this region.
Outdoor malaria transmission is becoming an increasingly important problem in control Africa. Larval a promising intervention as it can target both indoor and outdoor biting mosquitoes. However, the currently available biolarvicide formulations have short effective duration, consequently larval incurs high operational expense due to requirement for frequent re-treatment of habitats. Formulations biolarvicides with long-lasting effects highly desired. A recently developed FourStar®...
Abstract Background Designing, implementing, and upscaling of effective malaria vector control strategies necessitates an understanding when where transmission occurs. This study assessed the biting patterns potentially infectious vectors at various hours, locations, associated human behaviors in different ecological settings western Kenya. Methods Hourly indoor outdoor catches human-biting mosquitoes were sampled from 19:00 to 07:00 for four consecutive nights houses per village. The...
Asymptomatic malaria infections represent a major challenge in control and elimination Africa. They are reservoirs of parasite that can contribute to disease transmission. Therefore, identification asymptomatic important make feasible. In this study, we investigated the extent distribution Western Kenya examined how varying parasitemia affects performance diagnostic methods including microscopy, conventional PCR, quantitative PCR. addition, compared prevalence rates levels with respect...
Topographic parameters such as elevation, slope, aspect, and ruggedness play an important role in malaria transmission the highland areas. They affect biological systems, larval habitats presence productivity for mosquitoes. This study investigated whether distribution of local spatial vectors risk infection with parasites highlands is related to topography. Four villages each measuring 9 Km2 lying between 1400-1700 m above sea level western Kenya were categorized into a pair broad narrow...
Background Passive surveillance of malaria in health facilities remains vital for implementation control and elimination programs. It is therefore essential understanding current age profile clinical morbidity, mortality presentations areas with variant infection susceptibility. This study aimed at the morbidity Western Kenya. Methods Surveillance asymptomatic parasitological positivity rates all suspected patients school children were respectively determined from June 2015 to August 2016....
The extensive use of pyrethroids for control malaria vectors, driven by their cost, efficacy and safety, has led to widespread resistance. To favor sustainable use, the World Health Organization (WHO) formulated an insecticide resistance management plan, which includes identification mechanisms surveillance. Recognized physiological include target site mutations in para voltage-gated sodium channel, metabolic detoxification penetration Such understanding allowed development monitoring tools,...
Currently, intensive malaria control programs are being implemented in Africa to reduce the burden. Clinical data from hospitals valuable for monitoring trends morbidity and evaluating impacts of these interventions. However, reliability hospital-based true incidence is often questioned because diagnosis accuracy issues variation access healthcare facilities among sub-groups population. This study investigated how treatment practices cases affect hospital data.The was undertaken health...
Epidemiological characteristics of clinical malaria may differ from asymptomatic infections, thus both cross-sectional parasite screening and longitudinal case surveillance are necessary for transmission monitoring control. In order to monitor transmission, two years active in three cohorts 6,750 individuals, parasitaemia cases 5,300 individuals study areas were carried out the western Kenyan highlands 2009 2010. Age distribution, seasonality spatial clustering analysed. The results revealed...
Parasite genetic diversity and multiplicity of infection (MOI) affect clinical outcomes, response to drug treatment naturally-acquired or vaccine-induced immunity. Traditional methods often underestimate the frequency multiclonal infections due technical sensitivity specificity. Next-generation sequencing techniques provide a novel opportunity study complexity parasite populations molecular epidemiology. Symptomatic asymptomatic Plasmodium vivax samples were collected from health...
Physiological characteristics (age and blood feeding status) of malaria vectors can influence their susceptibility to the current vector control tools that target resting behaviour. To ensure sustainability future an understanding how physiological may contribute insecticide tolerance in field is fundamental for shaping resistance management strategies tools. The aim this study was determine whether meal mosquito age affect pyrethroid field-collected Anopheles gambiae from western Kenya.
Abstract Background Although the occurrence of malaria vector larvae in valleys western Kenya highlands is well documented, knowledge larval habitats uphill sites lacking. Given that most inhabitants actually dwell regions, it important to develop understanding mosquito breeding habitat stability these order determine their potential for control. Methods A total 128 were identified hilltops and along seasonal streams Sigalagala area Kakamega district, Kenya. Water availability was followed...
The existing metrics of malaria transmission are limited in sensitivity under low intensity. Robust surveillance systems needed as interventions to monitor reduced and prevention rapid reintroduction. Serological tools based on antibody responses parasite vector antigens potential for measurements. current study sought evaluate Anopheles gambiae salivary gland peptide (gSG6- P1), a biomarker human exposure bites, different settings seasons. comparison between anti-MSP-119 IgG immune...
The effective measures for the control of malaria and filariasis vectors can be achieved by targeting immature stages anopheline culicine mosquitoes in productive habitat. To design this strategy, mechanisms (like biotic interactions with conspecifc heterospecific larvae) regulating mosquito aquatic survivorship, development time size emerging adults should understood. This study explored effect co-habitation between An. gambiae s.s. Cx. quinquefasciatus on different life history traits both...
Indoor residual spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the first-line tools for malaria prevention control in Africa. Vector resistance to insecticides has been extensively studied, however effects of sprayed walls on pyrethroid resistant mosquitoes not studied thoroughly. We evaluated bioefficacy LLINs different ages lambda-cyhalothrin (ICON 10cs) mud a period time vector survivorship. WHO tube bioassay was performed using diagnostic doses (0.05%), permethrin (0.75%)...
Island communities along the Volta Lake in southern Ghana present unique challenges for malaria control, characterized by high transmission rates, limited vector control measures, and isolated ecosystems. This study assessed diversity, seasonal abundance, transmission, insecticide resistance status of vectors these to inform effective strategies. Mosquitoes were collected from three island (Tuanikope, Allorkpem, Pediatorkope) using human landing catches, light traps, prokopack aspirators...
Background: Urban malaria transmission in sub-Saharan Africa is often underestimated, emphasizing the need for research on vector distribution, abundance, behavior, and infectivity cities. Since 2003, urban has intensified. Monitoring Anopheles populations crucial developing effective interventions. This study examined biting resting habits, Plasmodium infection of vectors Accra. Methods: Adult were collected using human landing catch (HLC) Prokopack aspiration (PPK) at ten sites Accra,...
Background Malaria is more prevalent in rural areas than urban partly due to less availability of Anopheles breeding habitats natural origin settings. However, factors such as irrigated farming, open sewers, and discarded containers create mosquito sites. This study investigates the diversity distribution larval impact physicochemical characteristics on presence density gambiae s.l. larvae Accra, Ghana. Methods Larval surveys collections were conducted at fifteen locations during both dry...