Abstract Given the centrality of argumentation in Next Generation Science Standards, there is an urgent need for empirically validated learning progression this core practice and development high‐quality assessment items. Here, we introduce a hypothesized three‐tiered scientific argumentation. The accounts intrinsic cognitive load associated with orchestrating arguments increasingly complex structure. Our proposed science also makes important distinction between construction critique. We...

Abstract The CNS can mount an inflammatory reaction to excitotoxic insults that contributes the emerging brain damage. Therefore, anti‐inflammatory drugs should be beneficial in neurological insults. In contrast, glucocorticoids (GCs), while known for their effects, exacerbate neurotoxicity hippocampus after We investigated effect of GCs on response a insult. Intact control (INT; intact stress GC profile), adrenalectomized/GC‐supplemented (ADX; low basal profile) and GC‐treated (COR;...

Ocean acidification, a reduction in ocean pH due to the uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) by surface waters, has recently emerged as research theme marine biology an expected deleterious effect altered seawater chemistry on calcification. Owing importance larval survival and dispersal for maintenance adult populations, early life history stages calcifying invertebrates have been central focus this research. Here, we present experimental system that unites culturing needs with...

This paper argues that science education has overemphasized the importance of construction at expense critique. In doing so, it draws on two key premises—Ford's argument knowledge requires a dialectic between and critique Mercier Sperber's theory argumentative reasoning is essential for epistemic vigilance. Five separate cases are presented which argue absence within school limits opportunities students to engage in scientific making learning less effective. These five arguments incorporate...

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of death worldwide and there are concerns that end-of-life care for these patients inadequate. Advance planning encouraged, with the hope it will improve communication avoid unwanted interventions, which have been particular concerns; in practice, discussions rarely occur. We little knowledge views COPD on advance planning. Understanding this could help integrate into routine management COPD. Aim: To explore people...

Abstract With developments in technology (e.g., “Web 2.0” sites that allow users to author and create media content) the removal of publication barriers, quality science information online now varies vastly. These changes review published information, along with increased facility distribution, have resulted spread misinformation about science. As such, role evaluation when reading scientific claims has become a pressing issue educating students. While recent studies examined educational...

Increasing diversity in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) STEM-related degrees professions is a national priority. Research on students’ pathways STEM may contribute to our understanding of how change institutions achieve diversity; however, until recently, the dominant narrative invoked “pipeline” metaphor. In this work, we challenge pipeline metaphor by interrogating what meant “STEM” pathway, measuring constructs not typically measured research, endeavoring make measures...

We focus on the use of flourishing as a new measure in studies pathways STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematical) fields. While concept is promising, may need careful interrogation to ensure it takes structural personal (cultural, religious, socioeconomic, racial) differences into account. Our longitudinal study explores emerging adult’s educational career with attention inequities, enabling us productively explore larger systemic context. Drawing from set qualitative...

It is now accepted that teaching in palliative medicine should be integrated throughout the medical undergraduate curriculum. Recommendations suggest inclusion of knowledge areas such as symptom control, well more attitudinal aspects teamwork and understanding patient carer perspectives on illness. These subjects taught a stepwise basis, introducing concepts at an early stage then built training. However, how this done effectively all are vary considerably. This article outlines one way...

ABSTRACT This study sought to investigate the arguments that ecologists engage in as part of their work and compare with way which ecological have been presented school argumentation tasks. Ten ecologists, subfields ranging from individual/behavioral ecology global ecology, participated semistructured interviews. Transcripts were coded using a framework for analyzing well open coding identify emergent themes. Ecologists’ descriptions compared set published differed tasks mainly terms types...

Abstract Over the past two decades, cultural institutions such as museums are beginning to develop their capacity for engaging in long‐term research on teaching and learning (Rennie et al. 2003; see also Crowley 2014). In this article, we describe one museum's efforts an educational agenda relationship these broader efforts. We explain how got started; share steps taken; itself; give examples of some our current studies. end with insights into challenges we've faced developing work addressed...

Evaluation is often a required component for funded projects; however, the process of undertaking an evaluation does not always result in valuable information that can be used learning, reflection, and program improvement. In light methodological shortcomings lack meaningful use evaluations, informal science education researchers have called greater rigor evaluations. To strengthen our own approach, we engaged to review past evaluations determine means improve work this arena. A group...

Drawing on data from STEM teacher education programs collected during museum closure due to the COVID-19 pandemic, this article examines shifts that a large natural history made in educational programming. We explore three questions; _who participated; nature of participants’ experiences with programming; and what we learned as an department within across programs_ by drawing systematically quantitative qualitative (attendance, surveys, focus groups, interviews). draw upon case study delve...

What does it take to sustain a productive partnership between public school system and local cultural institutions? This article describes the genesis, evolution, continued success of long-term New York City Department Education, American Museum Natural History, seven other leading institutions, promoting inquiry-based science instruction in middle schools.

This paper describes a hypothesized learning progression for how secondary students understand interdependent relationships in ecosystems, key concept the field of ecology and public understanding science. In this study, hypothetical was developed empirically investigated using Rasch modeling data from 1366 large, diverse, urban school district. We found that empirical evidence supported general structure ecosystems. There were notable exceptions, we describe ways which altered items to...

There is relatively little work examining visitor outcomes of ambassador animal programs, such as whether these programs are educationally effective or unintentionally promote exotic pet ownership. We designed a two-way factorial experiment to test animals enhanced detracted from the educational zoo exhibit. surveyed 312 visitors at Oakland Zoo static exhibit focused on illegal wildlife trade. Participants were either before after visiting exhibit, with without trainer presenting an ball...

Out-of-school programs can offer personalized and meaningful learning experiences that deepen students’ knowledge cater to their passions interests, but it has been a painful reality many such have available only students families with privilege resources. Karen Hammerness, Anna MacPherson, Preeti Gupta, Tramia Jackson, Rachel Chaffee describe how the Science Research Mentoring Consortium in New York City gives from underserved communities opportunities engage STEM activities alongside...