Positron emission tomography (PET) images are degraded by a phenomenon known as the partial volume effect (PVE). Approaches have been developed to reduce PVEs, typically through utilisation of structural information provided other imaging modalities such MRI or CT. These methods, correction (PVC) techniques, PVEs compensating for effects scanner resolution, thereby improving quantitative accuracy. The PETPVC toolbox described in this paper comprises suite both classic and more recent...

Optical properties of fresh and frozen tissues rat heart, kidney, brain, liver, muscle were measured in the 450- to 700-nm range. The total reflectance transmittance using a well-calibrated integral sphere set-up. Absorption coefficient μ reduced scattering ′ s derived from experimental measurements inverse adding doubling technique. influence cryogenic processing on optical was studied. Interindividual intraindividual variations assessed. These new data aim at filling lack validated visible...

Recently, there has been an increased interest in imaging different pulmonary disorders using PET techniques. Previous work shown, for static PET/CT, that air content the lung influences reconstructed image values and it is vital to correct this 'tissue fraction effect' (TFE). In paper, we extend include blood component also investigate TFE dynamic imaging. CT kinetic modelling are used determine fractional voxel volumes six patients with idiopathic fibrosis. These illustrate best worst case...

The normalized distances from the hot spot of radiotracer uptake (SUV

The Geant4 Application for Emission Tomography (GATE) is an advanced open-source software dedicated to Monte-Carlo (MC) simulations in medical imaging involving photon transportation (Positron emission tomography, single computed tomography) and particle therapy. In this work, we extend the GATE support of optical imaging, such as bioluminescence or fluorescence validate it against MC multilayered media standard simulation tool biomedical optics simple geometries. A full set-up molecular...

Accurate PET quantitation requires a matched attenuation map. Obtaining CT maps in the thorax is difficult due to respiratory cycle which causes both motion and density changes. Unlike with motion, little attention has been given effects of changes lung on quantitation. This work aims explore extent errors caused by pulmonary map mismatch dynamic static parameter estimates. Dynamic XCAT phantoms were utilised using clinically relevant 18F-FDG 18F-FMISO time activity curves for all organs...

Application of nanotechnology for biomedicine in cancer therapy allows direct delivery anticancer agents to tumors.An example such therapies is the nanoparticle-mediated near-infrared hyperthermia treatment.In order investigate influence nanoparticle properties on spatial distribution heat tumor and healthy tissues, accurate simulations are required.The Geant4 Emission Tomography (GATE) open-source simulation platform, based toolkit, widely used by research community involved molecular...

PET/CT quantification of lung tissue is limited by several difficulties: the density and local volume changes during respiration, anatomical mismatch between PET CT relative contributions tissue, air blood to signal (the fraction effect). Air correction (AFC) has been shown improve image in lungs. Methods correct for movement involve respiratory gating registration techniques. While conventional methods only account spatial mismatch, Jacobian determinant deformable transformation field can...

Developing precision medicine is a major trend in clinical oncology. The main adverse effects of ifosfamide, actinomycin D and vincristine (IVA) treatment for rhabdomyosarcoma are haematological toxicities such as neutropenia or thrombocytopenia. severity these vary among patients but their dynamic profiles similar. A non-empirical adjustment the chemotherapy dose to avoid severe could help secure administration. Twenty-four with treated IVA courses were selected. Before during each cycle,...

The use of optogenetics or photobiomodulation in non-human primate (NHP) requires the ability to noninvasively stimulate large and deep cortical brain tissues volumes. In this context, optical geometrical parameters optodes are critical. Methods general guidelines optimize these have be defined.We propose design an optode for safe efficient stimulation a volume NHP cortex, down 3-5 mm depths without inserting fibers into cortex.Monte Carlo simulations thermal transport been carried out using...

Monte Carlo simulations (MCS) play a key role in medical applications. In this context GATE is MCS platform dedicated to imaging and particle therapy. Yet are very computationally demanding, which limits their applicability clinical practice. Recently, graphics processing units (GPU) became, many domains, cost-effective solution access high power computation. The objective of work was develop GPU code targeting for applications integrated within the software. An aim enhance computational...

We present the first open-source version of STIR-GATE-Connection, a project that aims to provide an easy-to-use pipeline simulate realistic PET data using GATE, followed by quantitative reconstruction STIR. Monte Carlo simulations and image are powerful research tools for emission tomography can assist with design new medical imaging devices as well evaluation novel algorithms various correction techniques. STIR-GATE-Connection is collection scripts aid the: (i) setup GATE simulation...

Matched attenuation maps are vital for obtaining accurate and reproducible kinetic static parameter estimates from PET data. With increased interest in PET/CT imaging of diffuse lung diseases assessing disease progression treatment effectiveness, understanding the extent effect respiratory motion establishing methods correction becoming more important. In a previous study, we have shown that using wrong map leads to large errors due density mismatches lung, especially dynamic scans. Here,...

Respiratory motion generates lung volume changes during the breathing cycle. These affect tissue density and therefore influence both attenuation effect radiotracer concentration in PET imaging. To detect correct for these effects could improve quantitative accuracy of In this work we propose use Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to respiratory-induced upper lung, where is expected be minimal. The method firstly applied simulation data, specifically generated simulate only no motion....

e14095 Background: Combining chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) is challenging due to the near-infinite choice of dosing, scheduling sequencing between drugs. The aim this work develop a phenomenological model that describes synergistic effect cytotoxics check point in patients with cancer. Methods: Inspired from literature, we have developed an integrative mathematical includes tumor cells, cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) regulatory (TREGs) plus pharmacokinetics (PK) inputs. Loss...

PET quantitation depends on the accuracy of CT-derived attenuation correction map. In lung, respiration leads to both positional and density mismatches, causing errors at lung borders but also within whole lung. The aim this work is determine extent associated measured time activity curves (TACs) corresponding kinetic parameter estimates. 5 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis underwent dynamic <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...

The Partial Volume (PV) effect in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging leads to loss quantification accuracy, which manifests PV effects (small objects occupy partially the sensitive volume of instrument, resulting blurred images). Simultaneous acquisition PET and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) produces concurrent metabolic anatomical information. latter has proved be very helpful for correction effects. Currently, there are several techniques used correction. They can applied...

The Geant4 Application for Emission Tomography (GATE) is an advanced opensource software dedicated to Monte-Carlo (MC) simulations in medical imaging involving photon transportation (positron emission tomography, single computed tomography) and particle therapy. In this work, we extend GATE support of optical such as bioluminescence or fluorescence validate it against the Multi-Layered media simulation tool. A full set-up molecular (bioluminescence fluorescence) implemented 2D images light...

The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) tracker detector is the world's largest silicon with about 201 m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of strips detectors and 1 pixel detectors. It contains 66 millions pixels 10 million individual sensing strips. quality physics analysis highly correlated precision simulation which written on top GEANT4 CMS object-oriented framework. hit position resolution in depends ability to correctly model...