Abstract Abnormal dendritic cell differentiation and accumulation of immature myeloid suppressor cells (ImC) is one the major mechanisms tumor escape. We tested possibility pharmacologic regulation using all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). Eighteen patients with metastatic renal carcinoma were treated ATRA followed by s.c. interleukin 2 (IL-2). Eight healthy individuals comprised a control group. As expected, cancer had substantially elevated levels ImC. observed that dramatically reduced number...

Abstract Purpose: The initial goal of this study was to test the immunologic and clinical effects a new cancer vaccine consisting dendritic cells (DC) transduced with full-length wild-type p53 gene delivered via an adenoviral vector in patients extensive stage small cell lung cancer. Experimental Design: Twenty-nine were vaccinated repeatedly at 2-week intervals. Most received three immunizations. p53-specific responses evaluated, phenotype function T cells, DCs, immature myeloid analyzed...

Induction of antitumor immune responses requires adequate function dendritic cells. Dendritic cell defects in cancer patients have been implicated tumor escape and the limited efficacy vaccines. Previous studies shown that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a major role abnormal differentiation cancer. It has proposed inhibition VEGF may result improved responses. The goal this study was to test hypothesis.Fifteen with refractory solid tumors were enrolled into phase I clinical...

Pandemics in the last two centuries have been initiated by causal pathogens that include Severe Acute Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Influenza (e.g., H1N1 pandemic of 2009). The latter is considered to prior pandemics 1918 1977, known as “Spanish Flu” “Russian Flu”, respectively. Here, we discuss other emerging infections could be potential public health threats. These Henipaviruses, which are members family Paramyxoviridae infect bats mammals. also Parainfluenza Mumps viruses (Rubulavirus)...

Abstract IFN-γ is of central importance for the induction robust cell-mediated immunity and activation APC. Recent studies using experimental murine systems have now suggested a fundamental role APC-derived during infection with intracellular pathogens. It currently unknown whether human dendritic cells (DC) can respond to bacterial stimulation production IFN-γ. To test this question, we used monocyte-derived DC stimulated by Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin as model system. We...

Ebola virus (EBOV) is a zoonotic comprising of six known different species, designated within the family Filoviridae and genus Ebolavirus. The first recorded outbreak an EBOV disease (EVD) was in Yambuku, Zaire (ZEBOV) 1976, followed by Sudan (SUDV) later that year. Outbreaks have been increasing throughout 21st century, mortality rates can reach up to 90%. Such extraordinary virulence evidenced few pathogens, similar Marburg (MARV) originated Uganda detected Germany 1967. virulent nature...

High-dose intravenous interleukin-2 (IL-2) therapy (14 doses/course, 2 courses/cycle) for metastatic melanoma or kidney cancer induces infrequent, although major responses. In this trial, we evaluated a new schedule (dose of 600,000 IU/kg, 8 h between doses, 5 4 courses at weekly intervals/cycle) high-dose IL-2, in which inserted more planned breaks while maintaining high cumulative dose delivery, and investigated the relationship dendritic cells (DC) response to treatment. Target delivery...

Since 2019, notable global viral outbreaks have occurred necessitating further research and healthcare system investigations. Following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, in 2022, whilst severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strains evolved, monkeypox virus (MPXV) infections became more evident. MPXV is of Orthopoxviridae genus, belonging to family Poxviridae. Zoonotic transmission (animal-to-human transmission) may occur. The genus includes other orthopoxviruses...

Recent evidence suggests that platelets are not only involved in haemostatic processes but also modulate immune responses. As antigen-presenting cells (APC) of crucial importance for the regulation immunity, this study we wanted to define role platelet factor 4 (PF-4) as one major platelet-derived chemokines on transition monocytes into APCs. Our experiments show within 3 days PF-4 conjunction with IL-4 induces a rapid differentiation APC. These PFAPC (PF-4/IL-4 differentiated APC) display...

ABSTRACT Using immunofluorescence microscopy and a fusion of cold shock protein (CSP), CspB, to green fluorescent (GFP), we showed that in growing cells Bacillus subtilis CSPs specifically localize cytosolic regions surrounding the nucleoid. The subcellular localization is influenced by structure Decondensed chromosomes smc mutant reduced sizes which localized, while shock-induced chromosome compaction was accompanied an expansion space were present. As control, histone-like HBsu localized...

Measles virus (Morbillivirus abbreviated as MV, but more recently MeV) is the causal agent of measles disease, thought to have existed at least 4,000 years ago, affecting predominantly infants, also immunocompromised individuals remaining a public health issue today globally. In this review, we discuss historical background about MeV infection modern-day research on current epidemiology, what known immunisation against it. We report viral structure and function proteins. This additionally...

Interferons (IFNs) were the original prototype cytokine system discovered in 20th century research. As name interferon implies (derived from Latin interfere-on), these proteins have immunostimulatory, primarily antiviral and antitumour properties are synthesised secreted between cells. Due to technological advances, processes variable factors involved IFN regulation can be comparatively explained by expressed genes expressed. In this review, we provide a brief introduction background on...

Since 2019, notable global viral outbreaks have occurred necessitating further research and healthcare system investigations. Following the COVID—19 pandemic, an unexpected duality has of SARS–CoV–2 monkeypox virus (MPXV) infections. Monkeypox is Orthopoxviridae genus, belonging to family Poxviridae. Zoonotic transmission (animal human transmission) may occur. The genus includes other Orthopoxviruses (OPXV) present in animal host reservoirs that include cowpox...

Interferons were the original prototype cytokine system discovered in 20th-century research. As name implies, they originally thought to be synthesised and secreted between cells. Thanks technological advances, processes involved protein secretion can explained comparatively more clearly at both genetic biochemical levels. The discovery of interferon (IFN) occurred when research was still its infancy. Franklin Wilkins structure function deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) same time as Crick Watson;...

Measles virus (_Morbillivirus_ abbreviated as MV, but more recently MeV) is the causal agent of disease, thought to have existed at least 4000 years ago, affecting predominantly infants, also immunocompromised individuals and others remaining a public health issue today globally. In this review, we are discussing historical background about MeV infection modern–day research, then delving into disease what known immunisation against disease. We elucidate viral structure function proteins. The...

The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was caused by a positive sense single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, other human coronaviruses (hCoVs) exist, of which Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and SARS-CoV (SARS) showed higher mortality rates without causing pandemic. As December 2022, SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in over 6.6 million deaths worldwide through an array to chronic pathologies. Historical pandemics include smallpox influenza...

21087 Background: Induction of antitumor immune responses requires adequate DC function. Well-documented defects in cancer mediated through tumor-derived vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) may lead to tumor escape and limit efficacy vaccines. V-T with extracellular domains VEGFR 1/ 2 coupled Fc IgG1 binds all VEGF-A isoforms. Methods: To determine if inhibition VEGF signaling improves responses, we evaluated 15 pts treated (2.0–7.0 mg/kg) IV over 1 hr Q wks on a phase I trial....

We have outlined the idea of creating a synthetic standardized convalescent plasma with assigned neutralization capacity and vaccine strategy using multipeptide approach targeting mucosal immune system.

Ebola virus is a zoonotic comprised of 6 different species designated within the family Filo-viridae and genus Ebolavirus. The first recorded outbreak an (EBOV) was in Yambuku, Zaire (ZEBOV) 1976, followed by Sudan (SUBOV) later that year. Outbreaks have been increasing throughout 21st century, mortality rates can reach up to 90%. Such extraordinary virulence evidenced with few pathogens, similarly Marburg (MARV) originated Uganda detected Germany 1967. virulent nature filovirus disease has...

s: Abstracts for the 20th Annual Scientific Meeting of International Society Biological Therapy Cancer (Primary Authors are Italicized): CELLULAR THERAPIES FOR SOLID AND LIQUID TUMORS