An electrical impedance spectro-tomography consists of a quasi-adjacent sensing method and frequency-time difference imaging for relatively complex dielectric object monitoring has been proposed. A is designed to measure an spectroscopy based on four-wire measurement technique at the multi-electrodes tomography sensor. spatial distribution needed, as electrochemical reaction incur during short time meanwhile geometry tends be constant. artificial set phantoms were made proposed was capable...

A novel real-time dynamic imaging method has been proposed for flexible boundary sensors in wearable electrical impedance tomography (wearable EIT). The three stages; 1) estimation of shape Ω(t) at time t, 2) computations clustered Jacobian matrix J(Ω(t)) using parallel cloud computing (PCC) and 3) reconstruction conductivity distribution images σ(Ω(t)) based on Ω(t). Initially, is estimated a factor n <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...

A sectorial sensitivity matrix using a K-means clustering algorithm has been proposed for electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) accurate determination of permittivity distribution in the inclusion within background area. The clusters pixel position area to minimize soft field effect that leads image artifacts and blurred images. standard is nonlinear thus it not easy eliminate due noise signal electric propagation. performance evaluated through numerical simulation experimental studies....

Abstract Objectives . The human skeletal muscle responds immediately under electrical stimulation (EMS), and there is an immediate physiological response in muscle. Non-invasive quantitative analysis at the heart of our understanding significance changes EMS. Response areas calf muscles EMS have been detected by frequency difference impedance tomography ( fd -EIT). Approach experimental protocol consists four parts: pre-training pre ), training tra post-training post relaxation relax )...

Conductivity change in skin layers has been classified by source indicator ok (k=1: Stratum corneum, k=2: Epidermis, k=3: Dermis, k=4: Fat, and k=5: corneum + Epidermis) trained from feedforward neural network (FNN) bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS). In BIS studies, treating the as a bulk, limits differentiation of conductivity changes individual layers, however layer classification using FNN shows promise accurately categorizing which is essential for predicting indicators...

Abstract In this study, sodium concentration in the dermis layer is imaged by square wave open electrical impedance tomography (SW- o EIT) with spatial voltage thresholding (SVT). The SW- EIT SVT consists of three steps which are (1) measurement, (2) thresholding, and (3) imaging. 1st step, root mean <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mover accent="true"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>v</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>̃</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:math>...

Understanding of the relationship between volumetric water content (q) and soil capillary pressure (ψ), unsaturated hydraulic conductivity K and ψ is important in analysis rainwater infiltration into its effect to slope stability. These relationships are known as retention curve conductivity function, respectively. Much retention-hydraulic models have been proposed such Brooks-Corey (BC), van Genuchten (VG) that were derived based on empirical fitting curve, Lognormal (LN) distribution model...

A real time, volumetric (4D) imaging for human brain activity based on Electrical Capacitance Volume Tomography (ECVT) has been proposed, the first in this work. The ECVT used to measure electrical signals generated from and reconstruct image of signal time. system comprises a helmet shaped capacitive sensor, 32-channel data acquisition computer control measurement, process reconstruction display activities scalp inside brain. Tests with simulation as well experimental showed different...

A weighted parameter vector χnorm based on extracellular fluid resistance in the Cole impedance model is hereby proposed order to compensate for volatile-distributed current. The current due variance unknown contact an electrical tomography (EIT) sensor distorts ideality of frequency-dependent behavior object interest, leading inaccuracy reconstructed images. sources include use electrodes with inconsistent values, electrochemical reaction or improper attachment interest. represents pathway...

Reconstructing the structural images of human body compartments as point-of-care imaging could be possible using electrical impedance tomography (EIT), but reconstructed image deteriorates due to high conductivity contrast <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula> between anomaly and background. In this study, a multifrequency EIT (mf-EIT) with ratiometric...

In this study, we proposed a novel sensor for real time 3D imaging of cancerous mass within human breast using the capacitance measurement method, namely Electrical Capacitance Volume Tomography developed earlier. The works based on fact that has much higher relative permittivity as compared with normal tissue. electrical volume tomography (ECVT) technique is capable generating volumetric image distribution in time. constitutes half-sphere sensing region to capture whole breast. consists 24...

Abstract Assessing dermis sodium concentration in skin is essential since an excessive amount of associated with vascular function disorders. In this research, <?CDATA $c$?> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> </mml:math> has been quantified by the power spectral density drop ${{\Delta }}P$?> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> square-wave electrical impedance spectroscopy (PSD d-s EIS)....

In this study we performed brain activity observation related to simple tasks of executed movement (EM) and imagined (IM) using Electrical Capacitance Volume Tomography (ECVT). ECVT has been previously applied imaging cancer detection. This is intended elaborate further the previous studies on functional imaging. Experiment human subjects was conducted by measuring signals during five conditions: (1) relax: baseline condition, (2) actual with right hands left hands, (3) hands. Signal...

Abstract There is a strong need for non-invasive measurement technique that capable of accurately identifying the physiological condition change or heterogeneity subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) by localizing abnormalities within compartment. This paper aims to investigate feasibility Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) assess interstitial fluid in as an enhancement method bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS). Here, we demonstrate preliminary result EIT with wearable 16 electrodes...

In this study, a functional gastric-shape imaging method based on pocket electrical impedance tomography (p-EIT) system is proposed which consist of the development (1) buffer-mirrored current source (BMCS) as wide range circuit and (2) filter-trained quasi-3D an image reconstruction algorithm. The BMCS provides constant Ic with high signal-to-noise ratio SNR. iteratively trains threshold α to obtain most sensitive Z pair from multilayer sensor. Using simulations experiments, performance...

Abstract Optimal serum protein concentrations are vital for normal body functioning. Affordable while accurate quantification methods with minimum processing requirements needed diagnosis of related diseases. The standard automated chemistry analyzer is limited by high installation and maintenance costs. This study proposes the use electrical impedimetric spectroscopy (EIS) as an alternative to current methods. Its practical applicability was tested using albumin γ‐globulin or their...

Margin tissue detection during intraoperative laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) is required to prevent tumor recurrence and reduce the likelihood of further surgery. This study proposes an electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method for margin in LLR determine boundary interface normal cancerous tissue. The proposed this has three objectives: (1) designing electrode array configuration collect multiple EIS measurements, (2) implementing Feedforward Neural Network (FNN) classify...

In this study, for the first time, we have used ECVT technique, developed earlier real-time and volumetric imaging of brain activity, to detect presence tumor. The sensor system measures capacitance electrical signals on cortex, generates a map activity cortex inside through tomography image reconstruction algorithm based Neural-Network Multi-criteria Optimization Image Reconstruction Technique (NN-MOIRT). is able tumors an examination functional abnormalities, as block propagation...