A parallel paper [Berujon, Cojocaru, Piault, Celestre, Roth, Barrett & Ziegler (2020), J. Synchrotron Rad. 27 , 284–292] reviewed theoretically some of the available processing schemes for X-ray wavefront sensing based on random modulation. Shown here are experimental applications technique characterizing both refractive and reflective optical components. These fast accurate at-wavelength metrology methods can assist manufacture optics that transport beams with a minimum amount...

Different approaches to simulate a modern X-ray beamline are considered. Several methodologies with increasing complexity applied discuss the relevant parameters that quantify performance. Parameters such as flux, dimensions and intensity distribution of focused beam, coherence properties obtained from simple analytical calculations sophisticated computer simulations using ray-tracing wave optics techniques. A latest-generation nanofocusing for coherent applications (ID16A at ESRF) has been...

We introduce a new X-ray speckle-vector tracking method for phase imaging, which is based on the wavelet transform. Theoretical and experimental results show that this method, called wavelet-transform-based (WSVT), has stronger noise robustness higher efficiency compared with cross-correlation-based method. In addition, WSVT controllable reduction can be applied fewer scan steps. These unique features make suitable measurements of large image sizes shifts, possibly under low-flux conditions,...

High-quality bi-concave 2D focusing diamond X-ray lenses of apex-radius R = 100 µm produced via laser-ablation and improved mechanical polishing are presented here. Both for polished unpolished individual stacks ten lenses, the remaining figure errors determined using speckle tracking shown these results compared with those commercial 50 beryllium that have similar strength physical aperture. For two (polished unpolished) a stack eleven this paper presents measured beam profiles out focus...

Compound refractive lenses (CRL) offer outstanding potential for probe formation in X-ray micro- and nano-analysis as well imaging applications, but effective aberration-free focusing of X-rays is a key consideration when high spatial resolution intensities are required. Available optics have non-negligible aberrations which degrade their final performance. We describe framework based on physical-optics simulating the effect imperfect CRL upon an beam, taking into account measured phase...

X-ray near-field speckle-based phase-sensing approaches provide efficient means to characterise optical elements. Here, we present a theoretical review of several these speckle methods in the frame characterisation and generalization concept. As also demonstrate experimentally another paper, theoretically developed here can be applied with different beams optics within variety situations where at-wavelength metrology is desired. By understanding differences between various processing...

After the big impact of optical 3D-imaging processing, multi- and hyperspectral imaging solutions will be next technological innovation in image processing for industrial application. This work presents a clever affordable solution multispectral imaging: smart imager measurements spanning 400 nm to 950 50 step with bandwidth. With combination interface technology (GigE-Vision), new CMOS-imaging sensors as well approaches active compensation chromatic aberration novel applications are...

An algorithm for detection and individually substitution of bad pixels further restoration an image in the presence such outliers without altering overall texture is presented. This work presents three phases concerning processing: pixel identification mapping by means linear regression coefficient determination output as a function exposure time, local correction angular coefficients outlier based on their neighbourhood and, finally, restoration. Simulation experimental data were used code...

We describe a version of the paraxial free-space Fourier optics propagator for numerical wave propagation simulations that eliminates need dense sampling an input electric field with phase dominated by quadratic terms developing at some distance from source or radiation beam waist. This requires considerably (two to three orders magnitude as observed in routine simulations) less memory and CPU resources than standard Fresnel while preserving its levels accuracy generality. method has been...

A new algorithm to perform coherent mode decomposition of undulator radiation is proposed. It based on separating the horizontal and vertical directions, reducing problem by working with one-dimension wavefronts. The validity conditions this approximation are discussed. Simulations require low computer resources run interactively a laptop. focusing lenses emitted an in fourth-generation storage ring (EBS-ESRF) studied. Results compared against multiple optics packages implementing variety...

X-ray speckles have been used for a wide variety of experiments, ranging from imaging (and tomography), wavefront sensing, spatial coherence measurements all the way to x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) and ptychography. In near-field regime, speckle-grains preserve shape size under free-space propagation static random modulation illumination, which permits using them as markers. The introduction an object in modulated field will lead displacement due refraction. Retrieving local...

The phase problem in the context of focusing synchrotron beams with X-ray lenses is addressed. feasibility retrieving surface error a lens system by using only intensity propagated beam at several distances demonstrated. A neural network, trained few thousand simulations random errors, can predict accurately profile that accounts for all aberrations. It demonstrates routinely measuring aberrations induced an lens, or another optical system, images.

Multispectral imaging is one of the key topics in upcoming years, a lot measurement tasks can be solved using additional spectral information. For separation these information bands plenty technologies were developed last decades. All them have characteristic advantages and disadvantages. One working principle use filter wheel containing different filters between image sensor lens. The element inside light propagation path as well lens imperfections lead to chromatic aberrations. To...

Abstract One way to increase the amount of information acquired via hyperspectral imaging and therefore possibility data analysis is combining spatial spectral sets. The aforementioned sets are obtained by cameras covering different ranges. purpose this article develop an algorithm which able combine two pushbroom imagers, visible (VIS) near infrared (NIR) wavelength range. Initially, effect optical aberrations, as well errors image registration were examined. Subsequently a correction for...

The correction of inter-channel image distortions in multispectral imaging is the key process for high-precision applications. In this work, distortion a special filter wheel camera with sensor actuation based focus adjustment investigated. Based on analysis optical path, error compensation models at different levels are derived and qualitatively compared each other. experimental evaluation shows that proposed extended radial-tangential model achieves highest registration accuracy,...

Undulator radiation from synchrotron light sources must be transported down a beam line the source to sample. A partially coherent photon may represented in phase space using Wigner function, and its transport use some similar techniques that are familiar particle transport. We describe this process case is composed of linear focusing defocusing sections as well apertures. present compact representation map involving transformations convolutions. create $1\ensuremath{\mathbin:}1$ imaging...

The improvement of image quality in the infrared range on silicon-based sensors is one major topics using these long wavelength channels for geometric measurements. reason behind bad images comparison with visible sampling explained by response dependency silicon. Photons are able to either pass sensitive pixel or can tunnel neighbor pixel. This effect leads blurred images, which will not only increase uncertainty measurement, but also aesthetical image. In this paper, methods improve blind...

The surface errors found in X-ray mirrors constitute a limiting factor for preserving beam quality. This is particularly important when the has low emittance and significant coherence fraction, like newly upgraded synchrotron storage rings.We studied fringes observed image of an undulator-produced reflected by high-quality toroidal mirror. measurements simulations were performed using different conditions: photon either monochromatic or with large bandwidth, mirror variable curvature.The...

We present WOFRY (Wave Optics FRamework in pYthon), a specialized toolbox designed for wave optics modeling, with particular emphasis on partial coherence. This package is tailored to assist synchrotron scientists and engineers the prototyping modeling of X-ray sources optics. offers functionalities generating propagating 1D 2D wavefronts, along various tools interacting different optical elements. The software developed available OASYS suite.

X-ray speckles have been used in a wide range of experiments, including imaging (and tomography), wavefront sensing, spatial coherence measurements, photon correlation spectroscopy and ptychography. In this review experimental comparison, we focus on using near-field speckle grains as markers numerical methods for retrieving the phase information they contain. We present most common tracking methods, introducing existing algorithms with their specifications comparing performances under...

The advent of 4$^\text{th}$ generation high-energy synchrotron facilities (ESRF-EBS and the planned APS-U, PETRA-IV SPring-8 II) free-electron lasers (Eu-XFEL SLAC) allied with recent demonstration high-quality free-form refractive optics for beam shaping optical correction has revived interest in compound lenses (CRLs) as transport, probe formation X-ray micro- nano-analysis well imaging applications. Ideal CRLs have long been made available 'Synchrotron Radiation Workshop' (SRW), however,...

We present a simple apparatus for femtosecond laser induced generation of X-rays. The consists vacuum chamber containing an off-axis parabolic focusing mirror, reel system, debris protection setup, quartz window the incoming beam, and X-ray window. Before entering chamber, is expanded with all reflective telescope design to minimize intensity losses pulse broadening while allowing as well peak optimization. duration was characterized by second-harmonic frequency resolved optical gating. A...