This article deals with the influence of electron-beam radiation on micro-mechanical, thermo-mechanical, and structural properties selected polymers. In search for desired improvement polymers, it is possible to use, inter alia, one particular modification-Namely, crosslinking-Which a process during which macromolecular chains start connect each other and, thus, create spatial network in structure. course treatment ionizing radiation, two actions can occur: crosslinking scission...

The modification of polymer materials’ useful properties can be applicable in many industrial areas due to the ability make commodity and technical plastics (plastics that offer benefits, such as processability, by injection molding) more demanding applications. In case injection-molded parts, one most suitable methods for appears high-energy irradiation, which is currently used primarily mechanical thermal properties. However, well-chosen doses effectively modify surface layer well. purpose...

Some polymers need a cross-linking agent for the controlled process of with tendency to degradation during radiation process. While, on other hand, do not agent-predominantly there are polymers. The Thermo-Plastic Elastomer (TPE) that was used belongs this group predominantly polymers; however, is added because faster reaction times and smaller irradiation doses. Microindentation⁻tensile tensile impact tests were carried out thermoplastic sample-with, without, agent. Small changes measured...

Additive technologies are becoming a common part of not only prototype production, but also piece or small series production. However, the choice technology and material plays key role in applicability manufactured parts. The most widespread type additive is FFF technology, which consists applying fused plastic string single layers. resulting mechanical properties parts produced using this depend on structure selected, process parameters used printing itself. This study deals with production...

The aim of the study was to investigate impact potassium-based emulsifying salts (ES; 2% wt/wt concentration) with different phosphate chain lengths [dipotassium hydrogenphosphate (K2HPO4; DKP), tetrapotassium diphosphate (K4P2O7; KTPP), pentapotassium triphosphate (K5P3O10; TKPP)] on physicochemical, viscoelastic, textural, tribological, thermal, and sensory properties processed cheese (PC; 40% dry matter, 50% fat in matter) during a 60d storage period (6 ± 2°C). On whole, hardness all PC...

The temperature ageing of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) modified by accelerated electrons was studied. Commodity plastic HDPE used as a basic polymer material which radiation cross-linking. This because its excellent processability and chemical resistance. Plastic injection molding technology for the production test specimens. These specimens were with dose 33, 66, 99, 132, 165, 198 kGy. prepared tested to determine: gel content, degree swelling, stability, changes in mechanical...

This article discusses the possibilities of using radiation cross-linked high density polyethylene (HDPEx) acting as a filler in original (HDPE) matrix. The newly created composite is one possible answers to questions relating processing thermoplastics. Radiation networking is-nowadays, commonly used technology that can significantly modify properties many types paper describes influence concentration filler, form grit or powder obtained by grinding/milling products/industrial waste from...

Whether due to unpleasant events, injuries or illnesses, people lose the mobility of their hands. In extreme cases, amputation hand hands can also occur. This paper deals with designing and fabricating an affordable transradial prosthesis using 3D printing measuring finger positioning accuracy during a long-term test. The prosthesis’ design was inspired by tested wire construction used in both low-cost commercial do-it-yourself prostheses. shape partial parts adapted for production printing....

The main advantages of Thermoplastic Polyester Elastomers (TPE-E) are their elastomer properties as well ability to be processed in the same way thermoplastic polymers (e.g., injection moulding, compression moulding and extrusion). However, TPE-Es' properties, mainly mechanical thermal characteristics, not good those elastomers. Because this TPE-Es often modified with aim improving extending range application. Radiation cross-linking using accelerated electron beams is one most effective...

The goal of this research was to examine the effect two surface modification methods, i.e., radiation cross-linking and plasma treatment, on adhesive properties final quality bonds polypropylene (PP), which chosen as representative polyolefin group. Polymer induced by beta (accelerated electrons—β−) in following dosages: 33, 66, 99 kGy. In order determine usability β− for these applications (improving adhesiveness layers), obtained results were compared with values measured surfaces treated...

This study describes the effect of electron radiation on nano-mechanical properties surface layers selected polyamide (PA) types. Electron initiates cross-linking macromolecules in structure, leading to creation a 3D network which fundamentally changes tested polymers. Selected types (PA 6, PA 66 and 9T) were exposed various intensities (33 kGy, 99 132 165 kGy 198 kGy). The cross-linked polyamides’ measured by means modern nano-indentation technique (Depth Sensing Indentation; DSI), operates...

The development of ballistic materials has improved very rapidly in the last few years. Body armor plays an important role protecting individuals during military threats. can be divided into hard and soft variants depending on trade-offs between protection levels wearer agility. Current research aims to optimize strength-to-weight ratios by using different combinations synthetic or natural fibers their achieve increasingly demanding requirements for materials. Moreover, it examines various...

Radiation processing of polymers is a well-established and economical commercial method precisely modifying the properties polymers. The principle radiation ability high energy to produce reactive cations, anions free radicals in materials. industrial applications plastics composites include polymerization, cross-linking, degradation grafting. mainly involves use either electron beams from accelerators or gamma Cobalt-60 sources. PBT Polybutylene terephthalate tested showed significant...

In vitro assembly of intermediate filaments from tetrameric vimentin consists a very rapid phase tetramers laterally associating into unit-length and slow filament elongation. We focus in this paper on systematic quantitative investigation two molecular models for assembly, recently proposed (Kirmse et al. J. Biol. Chem. 282, 52 (2007), 18563-18572), through mathematical modeling, model fitting, validation. analyze the contribution each elongation strategy: with tetramers, filaments, longer...

This research paper deals with the possible utilization of irradiated high-density polyethylene (HDPE) after its service life. Powder recycled HDPE is used as filler into virgin low-density (LDPE) in concentrations from 10 to 60 %. Two combinations materials were tested granules LDPE/powder and powder HDPE. Influence resulting blends on hardness micro-indentation was investigated. Shore D test instrumented performed results compared. According measured data both material characteristics are...

It was found in this study, that ionizing beta radiation has a positive effect on the mechanical properties of poly(ethylene). In recent years, there have been increasing requirements for quality and cost effectiveness manufactured products all areas industrial production. These are best met with polymeric materials, which many advantages comparison to traditional materials. The main polymer materials especially their ease processability, availability, price raw Radiation crosslinking is one...

This study’s goal was to describe the influence of a wide range ionizing beta radiation upon changes in surface layer mechanical properties and structural modifications selected types polymer. Radiation crosslinking is process whereby impingement high-energy electrons adjusts test sample structures, thus enhancing useful material, e.g., hardness, wear-resistance, creep, order that they may function properly during their technical use. The polymers tested were polyolefin like polyethylene...

This article deals with the study of utilisation irradiated HDPE products after their end-of-life cycle. Today, polymer waste processing is a matter evermore intensive discussion. Common thermoplastic recycling-especially in case wastes defined composition-is generally well-known-and frequently used. On contrary, cross-linked plastics impossible to do same way as virgin thermoplastics-mainly due impossibility remelting them. The possibility using form grit or powder, made from High Density...

Bonding is increasingly being used, and it an ever-evolving method for creating unbreakable bonds. The strength of adhesive bonds determines, to a significant extent, the possible applications this technology influenced by many factors. In addition type characteristics surface layers play role; therefore, attention paid their adjustment modification. Radiation crosslinking one most important methods modifying polymer properties. Currently, frequently used radiation beta minus (β-) radiation,...

The overwhelming majority of manual operations is even nowadays performed by using hand tools. These tools can be divided into 2 groups – designed for general use or a single-purpose special operations. Tool described in this paper used assembling operation the completion electric motor. During design existing requirements functional part tool (lifespan, inability to damage engine installation) were fully considered, demands ergonomic grip area, however, not taken account. Long-term...

Radiation processing involves the use of natural or manmade sources high energy radiation on an industrial scale. The principle is ability to produce reactive cations, anions and free radicals in materials. applications plastics composites include polymerization, cross-linking, degradation grafting. mainly either electron beams from accelerators g-radiation cobalt-60 sources. TPE-E thermoplastic elastomer tested exhibited significant changes temperature stability mechanical properties after...