Photosynthetic light curve, chlorophyll (Chl) content, Chl fluorescence parameters, malondialdehyde (MDA) phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) activity and reactive oxygen metabolism were studied under drought stress in two autotetraploid rice lines corresponding diploid lines. Net photosynthetic rate decreased dramatically, especially severe high active radiation rice, while it declined less the same conditions Compared with lines, maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem (PS) II,...

Because of its relatively high water solubility and mobility, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) has a leaching potential threatening the surface groundwater. Controlled release formulations 2,4-D could alleviate adverse effects on environment. In present study, positive-charge functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were facilely synthesized by incorporating trimethylammonium (TA) groups onto MSNs via postgrafting method. sodium salt, anionic form 2,4-D, was effectively...

Nanotechnology-based pesticide formulations would ensure effective utilization of agricultural inputs. In the present work, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with particle diameters ~110 nm and pore sizes ~3.7 were synthesized via a liquid crystal templating mechanism. A water-soluble chitosan (CS) derivative (N-(2-hydroxyl)propyl-3-trimethyl ammonium CS chloride, HTCC) was successfully capped on surface pyraclostrobin-loaded MSNs. The physicochemical structural analyses showed that...

Pesticide-loading MSNs were prepared to study their translocation, distribution and degradation in cucumber plants.

Pesticide spray droplets can damage ecological environments and negatively affect biodiversity if they reach nontarget areas. Effective retention of pesticide on plant surfaces is an important challenge. In this study, a high-speed camera was utilized to visualize the bounce behavior different solutions rice leaf surfaces. We explored addition surfactants (SAAs) altered solution system prevent or regulate droplet behavior. Experimental results indicate that SAAs inhibit bouncing...

Abstract Photocatalytic H 2 O production is a prospective alternative to the traditional anthraquinone oxidation method for production. Compared well‐established inorganic counterparts, organic photocatalysts show greater promise owing their structural diversity and functional tunability, but unfortunately suffer from limited activity at present. Here, comonomer doping strategy reported tune electronic structures of covalent triazine framework nanoshells by introducing strong...

Abstract BACKGROUND: The aim of the present work was to synthesise novel amphiphilic chitosan–co‐(D,L‐lactide) (chitosan–PLA) copolymers and study formation pesticide‐loaded polymeric submicron particles. These copolymeric particle systems are expected be potential candidates for applications in pesticide delivery. RESULTS: chemical structures were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance ( NMR) thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)....

Pesticides will be used for a long period of time, and their use may cause environmental contamination adverse effects on human health. The aim this study was to improve the utilization rate pesticides reduce risk environment using mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) as carriers. Compared conventional formulation, spirotetramat-loading MSNs improved deposition, uptake, translocation performance in cucumber plants. hold spirotetramat structure prevent its degradation final residue...

Environmental stimuli-responsive pesticide release is desirable for enhanced efficiency and reduced side effects. In most cases, the loading of pesticides mainly depends on hydrophobic interactions hydrogen bonding. Electrostatic interaction less investigated as a weapon achieving high content controlled release. this work, negative-charge decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were facilely fabricated by introducing sulfonate groups onto MSNs through post-grafting method....

Recently, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have become a dazzling star among porous materials used in many fields. Considering their intriguing features, MOFs great prospects for application the field of sustainable agriculture, especially as versatile pesticide-delivery vehicles. However, study MOF-based platforms controlled pesticide release has just begun. Controlled responsive to environmental stimuli is highly desirable decreased agrochemical input, improved control efficacy and...

Low effective availability of modern pesticides places heavy burdens on both the environment and costs to farmers. Nano-augmented delivery systems seem be more promising address present challenge are facing. In this article, biodegradable chitosan-lactide copolymer (CPLA) was prepared characterized as hydrophobic pesticide-pyraclostrobin carrier. Nano-precipitation method used fabricate pyraclostrobin-loaded nanoparticles. Loading content (LC), encapsulation efficiency (EE), size, size...

Controllable pesticide release in response to environmental stimuli is highly desirable for better efficacy and fewer adverse effects. Combining the merits of natural synthetic polymers, pH temperature dual-responsive chitosan copolymer (CS-g-PDMAEMA) was facilely prepared through free radical graft copolymerization with 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl 2-methacrylate (DMAEMA) as vinyl monomer. An emulsion chemical cross-linking method used expediently fabricate pyraclostrobin microcapsules situ...

Abstract BACKGROUND Plutella xylostella L. is a cosmopolitan lepidopteron insect pest for numerous vegetables and crops. The extensive use of insecticides has resulted in the emergence resistance P. . Thus, development innovative strategies to overcome insecticide control effectively highly desirable. Inspired by concept breakthrough nanomedical treat multidrug resistance, nanotechnology may find potential application overcoming or delaying resistance. RESULTS Carbon dots‐embedded...

Abstract BACKGROUND The effective deposition of pesticide droplets on the target leaf surface is critical for improving utilization pesticides. We proposed a new way to enhance droplet by changing properties formulation, and this formulation can be sprayed directly or at low dilution. In addition, it simple method select suitable concentration evaluating interfacial dilational rheological droplets. RESULTS wetting behavior two types formulations prepared oil‐based solvent rice was...