A5055825096- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Environmental Policies and Emissions
- Lichen and fungal ecology
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Urban Green Space and Health
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Climate Change Policy and Economics
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Plant Ecology and Soil Science
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
- Climate variability and models
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Energy, Environment, Economic Growth
- Environmental Conservation and Management
UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology
2012-2023
University of Gothenburg
2017-2018
Bangor University
1998-2015
Centre for Environment Education
2009
National Botanical Research Institute
2009
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
2001
Nottingham Trent University
1997
Abstract. Ozone holds a certain fascination in atmospheric science. It is ubiquitous the atmosphere, central to tropospheric oxidation chemistry, yet harmful human and ecosystem health as well being an important greenhouse gas. not emitted into atmosphere but byproduct of very chemistry it largely initiates. Much effort focused on reduction surface levels ozone owing its vegetation impacts, recent efforts achieve reductions exposure at country scale have proved difficult increases background...
This Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report (TOAR) on the current state of knowledge ozone metrics relevance to vegetation (TOAR-Vegetation) reports present-day global distribution at over 3300 vegetated sites and long-term trends nearly 1200 sites. TOAR-Vegetation focusses three vegetation-relevant time-periods across major world climatic zones: M12, mean during 08:00–19:59; AOT40, accumulation hourly values 40 ppb daylight hours, W126 with stronger weighting higher values, accumulated...
Assessment of spatial and temporal variation in the impacts ozone on human health, vegetation, climate requires appropriate metrics. A key component Tropospheric Ozone Report (TOAR) is consistent calculation these metrics at thousands monitoring sites globally. Investigating trends required that same statistical methods be applied across sites. The nonparametric Mann-Kendall test (for significant trends) Theil-Sen estimator estimating magnitude trend) were selected to provide robust all This...
Records of effects ambient ozone pollution on vegetation have been compiled for Europe the years 1990–2006. Sources include scientific papers, conference proceedings, reports to research funders, records confirmed injury symptoms and an international biomonitoring experiment coordinated by ICP Vegetation. The latter involved ozone-sensitive (NC-S) ozone-resistant (NC-R) biotypes white clover (Trifolium repens L.) grown according a common protocol monitored biomass differences in 17 European...
We review current knowledge of the processes by which ozone will cause injury and damage to crop plants. do this both through an understanding limitations uptake (i.e. being transferred from some height in atmosphere leaf boundary layer subsequent via stomata) as well internal plant that result absorbed dose causing and/or injury. consider these across a range scales impacts plants, cellular metabolism influencing level physiology up whole canopy root system feedbacks. explore how affect...
Introduction of high-performing crop cultivars and crop/soil water management practices that increase the stomatal uptake carbon dioxide photosynthesis will be instrumental in realizing United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) achieving food security. To date, however, global assessments how to yield have failed consider negative effects tropospheric ozone, a gaseous pollutant enters leaf pores plants along with dioxide, is increasing concentration globally, particularly rapidly...
Ground-level ozone pollution is already decreasing global crop yields (from ∼2.2–5.5% for maize to 3.9–15% and 8.5–14% wheat soybean, respectively), differing extents depending on genotype environmental conditions, this problem predicted escalate given climate change increasing precursor emissions in many areas. Here a summary provided of how affects yield variety crops, thus impacting food security. Ozone causes visible injury symptoms foliage; it induces early senescence abscission leaves;...
Abstract Increasing both crop productivity and the tolerance of crops to abiotic biotic stresses is a major challenge for global food security in our rapidly changing climate. For first time, we show how spatial variation severity tropospheric ozone effects on yield compare with other scale, discuss mitigating actions against negative ozone. We that sensitivity declines order soybean > wheat maize rice, genotypic response being most pronounced rice. Based stomatal uptake, estimate (mean...
Tropospheric ozone is involved in a complex web of interactions with other atmospheric gases and particles, through ecosystem the N-cycle climate change. Ozone itself greenhouse gas, causing warming, reductions biomass carbon sequestration caused by provide further indirect warming effect. also has cooling effects, however, for example, impacts on aerosols diffuse radiation. Ecosystems are both source precursors (especially hydrocarbons, but nitrogen oxides), sink deposition processes. The...
The potential to capture additional air pollutants by introducing more vegetation or changing existing short woodland on first sight provides an attractive route for lowering urban pollution. Here, atmospheric chemistry and transport model was run with a range of landcover scenarios quantify pollutant removal the total UK as well effect large-scale tree planting whole reduces area (population)-weighted concentrations significantly, 10% (9%) PM 2.5 , 30% (22%) SO 2 24% (19%) NH 3 15% (13%) O...
Abstract Two species found in temperate calcareous and mesotrophic grasslands ( Dactylis glomerata Leontodon hispidus ) were exposed to eight ozone treatments spanning preindustrial post‐2100 regimes, late‐season effects on stomatal functioning investigated. The plants grown as a mixed community 14 L containers ventilated solardomes (dome‐shaped greenhouses) for 20 weeks from early May late September 2007. Ozone exposures based O 3 concentrations nearby upland area, provided the following...