A5002088480- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Physical Activity and Health
- COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Obesity and Health Practices
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms
- Chronic Disease Management Strategies
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Diabetes Management and Education
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques
- Sodium Intake and Health
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Sleep and related disorders
- Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes
- Diet and metabolism studies
University of the Witwatersrand
2016-2025
South African Medical Research Council
2017-2025
University of Cape Town
2014-2025
Witness
2022
Sports Science Institute of South Africa
2014
Mental health problems among adults are a growing public concern, and middle-income countries such as South Africa disproportionally affected. Using large scale nationally representative weighted survey, we assessed the prevalence of probable depression, anxiety, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), explored associations between ACEs, socio-economic status, demographic characteristics.
Abstract Objective: To investigate food insecurity and related coping strategies among South African households their associations with anxiety depression. Design: Cross-sectional study. Food were assessed using a modified Community Childhood Hunger Identification Project the Coping Strategies Index questionnaires. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Patient Health Questionnaire-9 used to assess depression risk. Ordered logistic regressions test of Setting: Africa during COVID-19, October...
Background Genetic variants within genes involved in fibrillogenesis have previously been implicated anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury susceptibility. Proteoglycans also important functions and maintaining the structural integrity of ligaments. Genes encoding proteoglycans are plausible candidates to be investigated for associations with ACL susceptibility; polymorphisms aggrecan ( ACAN ), biglycan BGN decorin DCN fibromodulin FMOD ) lumican LUM were examined. Methods A case–control...
There is a pressing need for global health preventions to curb the escalating burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Utilising multi-country study designs can improve our understanding how socio-economic context shapes aetiology NCDs, and this has great potential advance interventions. We examined association between status (SES) NCD risk, confounding effects smoking alcohol intake in young adults (18-35-year-olds) from Kenya, South Africa (SA), United Kingdom (UK). Our was...
Abstract Objective: To investigate food insecurity and related coping strategies, their associations with the risk of anxiety depression, among South African households children. Design: Nationally representative cross-sectional study. Tools for assessing insecurity, depression were assessed from Community Childhood Hunger Identification Project, Coping Strategies Index, Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 Patient Health Questionnaire-9, respectively. We used ordered logistic regression to test...
The dietary inflammatory index (DII®), a validated tool used to measure the potential of diet, has been associated with metabolic disorders in various settings, but not African populations. aim this study was investigate whether DII is markers type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, and if association mediated by adiposity and/or low-grade inflammation, black South Africa women. Energy-adjusted-DII (E-DII) scores were calculated 190 women (median age, 53 years) from Birth-to-Twenty plus cohort using...
Abstract Although hypertension is a significant public health burden in South Africa (SA), less known about its prevalence, risk factors, and possible preventative strategies among young adults. We assessed the knowledge associated with self-reported adults from SA. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted 1000 African (24–40 years; 51.0% women). administered socio-demographic questionnaire collected information on measures of socio-economic status (SES) (e.g. asset wealth index),...
Traditional obesity-related public health messaging often includes physical activity (PA) recommendations. However, at the population level, data are conflicting, especially when comparing different self-reported vs. measured techniques across settings and populations. We association between moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) prospective weight change five African-origin populations extent to which MVPA attenuated over time. At baseline, 2,500 adults (median age: 37y) were recruited...
Abstract Background Cross-sectional studies in South Africa (SA) have shown that black SA women, despite being more insulin resistant, less visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) than white women. This study aimed to investigate whether baseline and/or change body fat its distribution predict type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk middle-aged 13 years later. Methods We studied 142 women who are the caregivers of Birth-to-Twenty plus cohort, had normal glucose tolerance (NGT) at baseline....
Multimorbidity-risk is established early in life, therefore reducing modifiable risk factors such as overweight or obesity may, part, tackle the burden of multimorbidity later life.We made use a cross-sectional online survey that included young adults (18-35yrs old) from three countries - Kenya, South Africa, and United Kingdom (n = 3000). Information pertaining to socio-demographic, health, lifestyle, perceived weight was collected. Additionally, sum affirmed morbidities used determine...
Objective: This study's aim was to test associations between nutrition knowledge and obesity-related attitudes physical activity (PA) among 3000 18–35-year-old men women from Kenya, South Africa (SA), the United Kingdom (UK).Methods: A cross-sectional online survey conducted in April 2022. To estimate knowledge, dietary recommendation score computed using standard General Nutrition Knowledge questionnaire. Obesity-related were British Social Attitudes Survey. Self-reported days of vigorous...
Introduction: During the first phase of coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic lockdowns in South Africa (SA), both alcohol and tobacco were considered non-essential goods their sales initially prohibited further restricted to certain days timeframes. This study investigates self-reported changes consumption smoking behaviour general population during COVID-19 SA. Methods: A cross-sectional national survey was conducted October 2021 (before Omicron wave 4 while SA low-level lockdown) among 3,402...
Abstract Although appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) and handgrip strength (HGS) are key components of sarcopenia, their underlying biological mechanisms remain poorly understood. We aimed to investigate associations circulating biomarkers with ASM HGS in middle-aged black South Africans. This study consisted 934 Africans (469 men 465 women, aged 41–72 years) from the Middle-aged Soweto cohort. Linear regression models were used examine relationships between 182 (measured proximity...
Abstract Background In utero exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and antiretroviral (ART) is associated with adverse birth outcomes, which are often attributed alterations in placental morphology. This study used structural equation models (SEMs) examine the impact of HIV ART on fetal growth outcomes whether these associations mediated by morphology urban-dwelling Black South African women. Methods prospective cohort included pregnant women living (WLWH, n = 122) not (WNLWH, 250)...
Objective and methods South Africans were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic resultant economic hardships. As a result, mental health within this region may have worsened. Therefore, using large scale nationally representative data, we repeated cross-sectional panel study to investigate risk post explore multimorbidity examine relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) comorbid conditions in African adults (aged 18 years older). Results Post-pandemic, 26.2, 17.0, 14.8% of...
<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background:</bold> Physical activity (PA) is an important preventive factor of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), particularly cardiovascular disease, yet progress towards reducing physical inactivity in populations slow. Population-levels PA are most often estimated using self-report questionnaires population surveys, such as the Global Questionnaire (GPAQ), which may not accurately reflect objectively measured PA, accelerometers. The aim current study was to...
<title>Abstract</title> Traditional obesity-related public health messaging often includes physical activity (PA) recommendations. However, at the population level, data are conflicting, especially when comparing different self-reported vs measured techniques across settings and populations. We association between moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) prospective weight change five African-origin populations extent to which MVPA attenuated over time. At baseline, 2,500 adults (median age:...