Recent epidemiological studies in people whose birth weights were recorded many years ago suggest links between impaired growth during early life and the development of diseases, including diabetes, much later life. The long-term effects retarded are proposed to result from malnutrition at critical periods fetal or infant leading reduction organs permanent changes their metabolism structure, both. In order investigate this, a rat model was established which involved feeding either diet...

The degree of nutrient enhancement during the newborn period may modulate programming appetite-regulating hormones, body composition, and propensity to adult obesity in intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) newborns. Pregnant rats received, from day 10 term gestation throughout lactation, ad libitum food (AdLib) or 50% restriction (FR) produce IUGR AdLib vs. FR offspring were studied at 1, and, create two distinct groups catch-up growth (immediate, delayed) among newborns, cross-fostering...

Conference Article| May 01 1996 Fishing in the Stream of Diabetes: From Measuring Insulin to Control Fetal Organogenesis C. N. Hales; Hales 1Department Clinical Biochemistry, University Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QR, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. Desai; Desai S. E. Ozanne; Ozanne J. Crowther Biochem Soc Trans (1996) 24 (2): 341–350. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0240341 Article history Received: December 13...

Maternal protein restriction is a model of fetal programming adult glucose intolerance. Perfused livers 48-h- starved offspring rat dams fed 8% diets during pregnancy and lactation produced more from 6 mM lactate than did control rats whose were 20% protein. In livers, mean 24% the formed in periportal region lobule was taken up by most distal perivenous cells; this uptake greatly diminished maternal low (MLP) accounting for major fraction increased output MLP livers. cells contained 40%...

Perinatal infections are a risk factor for fetal neurological pathologies, including cerebral palsy and schizophrenia. Cytokines that produced as part of the inflammatory response proposed to partially mediate injury. This study investigated effects intraperitoneal injections lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pregnant rats on production cytokines stress markers in environment. Gestation day 18 were treated with LPS (100 microg/kg body wt i.p.), maternal serum, amniotic fluid, placenta, chorioamnion,...

Epidemiological studies in humans show that size early life is related to blood cholesterol concentrations adult life, raising the hypothesis nutrition programs later lipid metabolism, affecting risk for vascular disease. Here, we tested during pregnancy or lactation rat metabolism offspring, studied (mean 6 months). Rats ( n 35) from normally-fed dams (controls) were compared with (1) rats 22) protein-restricted and lactation; (2) 9) born mothers crossed protein- restricted lactating (3)...

Maternal food restriction (FR) during pregnancy results in intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) offspring that show rapid catch-up growth and develop metabolic syndrome adult obesity. However, continued nutrient nursing delays prevents development of Epigenetic regulation IGF1, which modulates is synthesized secreted by the liver, may play a role these morbidities. Control (AdLib) pregnant rats received ad libitum through gestation lactation, FR dams were exposed to 50% from days 10 21....

Background: Maternal obesity may contribute to childhood in a myriad of ways, including through alterations the infant gut microbiome. For example, maternal both directly by introducing dysbiotic microbiome and indirectly altered composition human milk that fuels In particular, indigestible oligosaccharides (HMOs) are known shape The goal this study was characterize HMO profiles normal-weight overweight mothers quantitatively link concentrations taxonomic functional potential Methods:...

Background: Insufficient treatment options are available for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Flavonoids and topiramate have been studied weight loss but need investigation into their effects on metabolism. This study’s aim was to examine the of flavonoids or glucose carbon flux in a cell culture model steatosis. Methods: Steatosis induced HepG2 cells through exposure oleic acid (OA, 0.5 mml/L) conjugated bovine serum albumin (2:1). Additionally, 50%...

It is becoming well established that poor fetal and early postnatal growth can have long-term effects on adult health, including susceptibility to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease hypertension. suggested this results from nutrition during life having permanent the structure metabolism of certain organs tissues. In present study we investigated effect a low-protein diet pregnancy lactation adipocyte properties glucose tolerance. Rat dams were fed containing...

Hepatic enzymes associated with glucose hemostasis were studied in offspring of dams fed either a 20% protein (control) or an isocaloric 8% (low-protein) diet during pregnancy and lactation. Additionally, exposed to maternal only gestation (recuperated) lactation (postnatal low-protein). Glucokinase activity decreased (approximately 50%), whereas phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) increased 100%), the low-protein recuperated compared controls (P < 0.001) at 21 days age. However,...

Maternal nutrient restriction results in intrauterine growth (IUGR) newborns that develop obesity despite normal postweaning diet. The epidemic of metabolic syndrome is attributed to programmed “thrifty phenotype” and exposure Western diets. We hypothesized IUGR would demonstrate greater susceptibility abnormalities response high-fat From day 10 term gestation lactation, control pregnant rats received ad libitum (AdLib) food, whereas study were 50% food restricted (FR). Cross-fostering...

In Brief The obesity epidemic, including a marked increase in the prevalence of among pregnant women, represents critical public health problem United States and throughout world. Over past two decades, it has been increasingly recognized that risk adult disorders, particularly metabolic syndrome, can be markedly influenced by prenatal infant environmental exposures (ie, developmental programming). Low birth weight, together with catch-up growth, is associated significant cardiovascular...

Maternal undernutrition (MUN) during pregnancy may lead to fetal intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), which itself predisposes adult risk of obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. IUGR stem from insufficient maternal nutrient supply or reduced placental transfer. In addition, a critical role for stress-induced glucocorticoids (GCs) has been suggested contribute both the ensuing metabolic syndrome. While GC-induced organ defects have examined, there few studies on responses MUN-induced...