Power line communications (PLC) have been an active research area for many years and it is still the case, mainly because they present economic technical natural advantages a wide range of applications using existing electrical grid as transmission medium. In this paper, authors provide update on PLC technologies their in Smart Grids, main challenges are currently facing, how can be addressed, current initiatives.

Metamaterials are widely used as sensors in a large range of applications due to their unusual properties not found nature. This review's purpose is focus on recent metamaterial-based electromagnetic sensors, particularly the structures that integrate metamaterials antenna or transmission lines for further integration measurement instruments. The approach followed review highlight sensitivity and quality factor (Q-factor) they crucial parameters any sensor; corpus literature analyzed leads...

Cosimulation platforms are necessary to study the interactions of complex systems integrated in future smart grids. The Virtual Grid Integration Laboratory (VirGIL) is a modular cosimulation platform designed between demand-response (DR) strategies, building comfort, communication networks, and power system operation. This paper presents coupling systems, buildings, communications, control under master algorithm. There two objectives: first, use architecture for VirGIL, based on functional...

Power line communication has recently attracted the attention of energy companies as a useful and natural technology for building advanced metering infrastructure. In this context, device language message specification/companion specification (DLMS/COSEM) is an increasingly popular standardised application protocol between utilities their customers. This study analyses performance that can be expected when using power technology, powerline intelligent evolution (PRIME), to send DLMS/COSEM...

In this study, the authors present a dielectric-resonator-based sensor to characterize liquids. The is based on dielectric resonator (DR) fed by slot-coupling mechanism in ground plane of microstrip transmission line (TL). obtained device fully passive that radiofrequency (RF) signal can interrogate. A small hole was drilled DR surface allocate drop liquid under test (LUT); as consequence, resonant frequency will depend electromagnetic characteristics LUT. modeled both with an equivalent...

Abstract For many sensing applications, collecting a large experimental dataset could be time-consuming and expensive task that can also hinder the implementation of Machine Learning models for analyzing sensor data. Therefore, this paper proposes generation synthetic signals through Variational Autoencoder (VAE) to enlarge spectra acquired with capacitive based on Dielectric Resonator. Trained several water/glycerine concentrations, generative model learns characteristics builds...

Advanced metering infrastructures (AMIs) represent one of the first steps in smart grid process, where power line communication (PLC) is emerging as most cost-effective solution since it allows reusing electric channel. However, performance this technology highly affected by characteristics existing distribution network. This paper presents a thorough sensitivity analysis to assess operating limits applications for multiple representative configurations low voltage networks based on PLC...

Glycerin is a versatile organic molecule widely used in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries, but it also has central role biodiesel refining. This research proposes dielectric resonator (DR) sensor with small cavity to classify glycerin solutions. A commercial VNA novel low-cost portable electronic reader were tested compared evaluate performance. Within relative permittivity range of 1 78.3, measurements air nine distinct concentrations taken. Both devices achieved excellent...

Maintaining the security of supply is one challenges that system operators face.Variability and uncertainty increase due to penetration variable renewable energy sources such as solar wind, while flexible technologies traditional thermal units are phased out reduce emissions.The current methods for assessing power adequacy based on historical operations generally intended be applied thermal-dominated electricity systems.Therefore, it necessary improve assessment since they usually neglect...

This paper proposes a set of digitalisation indicators focused on measuring the different digital capabilities and infrastructure electricity distribution systems, as opposed to previous which have mainly performance quality service aspects. The are classified according pillars digitalisation: sensor actuator, connectivity, data processing, culture. They use-case-agnostic do not require huge amount information. In addition this, three possible new applications these for system operators...

In modern power systems, co-simulation is proposed as an enabler for analyzing the interactions between disparate systems. This paper introduces platform Virtual Grid Integration Laboratory (VirGIL) including Hardware-in-the-Loop testing, and demonstrates its potential to assess demand response strategies. VirGIL based on a modular architecture using Functional Mock-up Interface industrial standard integrate new simulators. combines state-of-the-art simulators in communications, buildings,...

The Smart Grid represents a revolution especially at distribution and customer levels, bringing monitoring control capabilities, traditionally available up to the primary substations, down secondary beyond. Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications networks are key enable managing huge number of sensors actuators distributed all over low voltage medium networks. Such M2M must meet demanding requirements from technical perspective (e.g., latency, high availability), since eventually stability...

The essential role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in modern electricity grids makes it necessary to consider them when evaluating the scalability replicability capabilities smart grid systems. This paper proposes a novel step-by-step methodology quantitatively perform an ICT analysis (SRA) context. is validated exemplified by applying two real case studies that are demonstrated EU-funded RESPONSE project comprise solutions relying on different communication technologies....

This study analyzes the performance of power-line communications for sending open automated demand response (OpenADR) signals. In particular, we main channel disturbances that can affect end-to-end and which have not been previously studied in detail. Our analysis takes into account physical phenomena, such as background impulsive noise sources, attenuation, multipath effects, considers physical, network, applications layers structure. The layer is basis computing packet error rate....

Abstract Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring is a set of monitoring techniques consisting reading electrical activity generated by the nervous system structures during surgeries. In order to guarantee signal quality, contact impedance between sensing electrodes and patient’s skin needs be as low possible. Hence, this while signals are measured an important feature current medical devices. The most commonly used technique involves injection known measurement voltage drop in...

The presented paper addresses the problem of impulsive noise interferences in Power Line Communication (PLC) systems. In order to provide a realistic scenario, popular narrow band PLC solution has been chosen: PRIME. System's performance is evaluated under different environments. Simulations show how, even when high-powerful time impulses hits few signal samples, energy corrupts most symbol OFDM spectrum. This affects directly terms BER vs. SNR despite using robust communication mode...

New communication schemes are being developed to be used for Automatic Metering Reading (AMR). For this AMR system, one of the most popular approach is using power lines as a medium inject narrow band spectrum. PRIME new Physical and Data Link layers specification powerline in last mile released two years. The main problem that technology has deal with severe attenuation signals suffer due reflections fadings. Another important handicap time varying response channel produced by impulsive noise.

The present work analyses and compares two of the most popular specifications for data transmission over power line networks: PoweRline Intelligent Metering Evolution (PRIME) G3‐power communication (G3‐PLC). A simulation model has been built using Matlab software in order to evaluate their respective performances with special focus on impulsive noise environments. For this purpose, Middleton's Class‐A was used conjunction measured parameters reported literature narrow‐band spectrum....

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructures are at the heart of emerging Smart Grid scenarios with high penetration Distributed Energy Resources (DER). The scalability such ICT is a key factor for large scale deployment aforementioned solutions, which could not be ensured by small-scale pilot demonstrations. This paper presents novel methodology that has been developed in scope H2020 project InteGrid, enables analysis Grids. It based on Architecture Model (SGAM) framework,...

Metallic nanoscale particles attract a growing interest in several fields, thanks to their unique bonding characteristics; applications are appearing the literature fields of, for example, sensor coatings and biochemical compound detection. However, controlled fabrication of such nanopowders is often cumbersome, especially because characterization normally slow, involving procedures as electron microscopy. On other hand, microwave sensors based on near-field effects materials being developed...

This paper proposes a simulation's architecture that allows for the analysis of performance when using Power Line Communication's technology. In concrete, it studies viability PRIME' standard, to send Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) messages through low voltage network. contrast with other studies, physical phenomena-such as background and impulsive noise sources, channel attenuation multipath effect-are taken into account by Mat lab simulations. Additionally, OMNeT++ network simulator is used...