In the state of art finite element AHBMs for car crash analysis in LS-DYNA software material named *MAT_MUSCLE (*MAT_156) is used active muscles modeling. It has three elements parallel configuration, which several major drawbacks: restraint approximation physical reality, complicated parameterization and absence integrated activation dynamics. This study presents implementation extended four Hill-type muscle model with serial damping eccentric force–velocity relation including $$Ca^{2+}$$...

Reflexive responses to head-neck perturbations affect the injury risk in many different situations ranging from sports-related impact car accident scenarios. Although several experiments have been conducted investigate these various perturbations, it is still unclear why and how individuals react differently what implications of across subjects on potential injuries might be. Therefore, we see a need for both experimental data biophysically valid computational Human Body Models with...

Features of influence various factors on the stress-strain state composite thin-walled structures with bolted connection separate elements were studied an example test problem. As such structures, a metallic granary (a silo) consisting panels connected bolts was taken. The structure contained two lapping narrow flat strips. A bolt is inserted in holes bored these strips and pre-tightened. Friction slipping bolt, contact between side surface as well mutual bending stretching taken into...

Abstract Nowadays, active human body models are becoming essential tools for the development of integrated occupant safety systems. However, their broad application in industry and research is limited due to complexity incorporated muscle controllers, long simulation runtime, non-regular use physiological motor control approaches. The purpose this study address challenges all indicated directions by implementing a controller with several physiologically inspired strategies into an...

Introduction: A common hand injury in American football, rugby and basketball is the so-called jersey finger (JFI), which an eccentric overextension of distal interphalangeal joint leads to avulsion connected musculus flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendon. In field automotive safety assessment, finite element (FE) neuromuscular human body models (NHBMs) have been validated are employed evaluate different types related car crash scenarios. The goal this study show, how such a model can be...

Even though significant efforts in the field of injury detection with finite element active human body models (FE AHBMs) have been made, injuries muscle-tendon unit (MTU) not yet taken into consideration. Therefore, goal this study was to define a muscle strain criterion (MSIC) evaluate damage sustained by musculature during driven movement scenarios. The MSIC derived from biomechanical tests found literature and proposed threshold values were substantiated through comparison an estimate...

The paper contains a statement of the problem to ensure performance characteristics military tracked and wheeled vehicles at stage design research. A method adapting generalized parametric modeling solving problems dynamics analysis durability elements vehicles. We consider particular associated with contact interaction vehicles, shock wave loading hulls light armored cars, impact jet forces on strength hulls, as well kinetic ammunition obstacle. During study used modern software systems....

Abstract Finite element (FE) method simulations are increasingly used for the development in area of vehicle safety nowadays. Highly detailed virtual mechanical and human body models (HBMs) available use connection with increase processors performance algorithms efficiency, give engineers opportunity to simulate not only car crash event itself but also a so‐called pre‐crash phase. This is important design improvement steering‐assist autonomous driving systems, through assessment active...

Abstract Nowadays automotive industry is paying more attention to vehicle safety systems with the aim reduce number of injuries and fatalities among road users. Simulations are used throughout whole research development process for such involving Finite Element Human Body Models (FE HBMs) multiphysics simulation software package LS‐DYNA. Because living (active) humans in traffic situations has be assured, special material models applied generate reflexive or voluntary muscle reactions FE...

The paper describes the process of providing and improving tactical technical characteristics combat vehicles by use combined elements equipment components technological systems. These are made materials with sharply different physical mechanical properties. complex multivariate computer research stress-strain state dynamic effects is a basis these researches. dependence strength rigidity systems, executed from properties exposed to loads, described. significance obtained results consist in...

Abstract The number of Finite Element Active Human Body Model (FE aHBM) applications for the design and test vehicle safety systems is growing. Primarily they are used simulations accident pre‐crash phase where influence occupants active movements significant. Such models capable accounting dynamic human behaviour reflexes by incorporating bio‐inspired muscle controllers. These controllers need to govern hundreds elements during simulation in every time‐step thereby dramatically increasing...