Test–retest is a concept that routinely evaluated during the validation phase of many measurement tools. However, this term covers at least two related but very different concepts: reliability and agreement. Reliability ability measure applied twice upon same respondents to produce ranking on both occasions. Agreement requires tool exact values. An analysis research papers showed distinction between concepts remains anything clear, current practice evaluate only, generally basis sole...

The mixture transition distribution model (MTD) was introduced in 1985 by Raftery for the modeling of high-order Markov chains with a finite state space. Since then it has been generalized and successfully applied to range situations, including analysis wind directions, DNA sequences social behavior. Here we review MTD developments since 1985. We first introduce basic principle present several extensions, general spaces spatial statistics. Following that, methods estimating parameters....

To examine the relationship between different Internet-use intensities and adolescent mental somatic health.Data were drawn from 2002 Swiss Multicenter Adolescent Survey on Health, a nationally representative survey of adolescents aged 16 to 20 years in post-mandatory school. From self-administered anonymous questionnaire, 3906 boys 3305 girls categorized into 4 groups according their intensity Internet use: heavy users (HIUs; >2 hours/day), regular (RIUs; several days per week ≤ 2...

Abstract Aim This study examined whether problematic Internet use was associated with substance among young adolescents and assessed this association accounted for the of tobacco, alcohol, cannabis other drugs. Methods Using Addiction Test, we divided a representative sample 3067 in Switzerland (mean age 14 years) into regular users. We performed bivariate analysis two logistic regression models, to analyse substances separately simultaneously, developed log‐linear model define associations...

A series of four experiments investigated preschoolers' abilities to make sense dominance relations. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that as early 3 years old, preschoolers are able infer not only from physical supremacy but also decision power, age, resources. 4 have expectations regarding the ways in which a dominant subordinate individual likely differ. In particular, they expect an who imposes his choice on another will exhibit higher competence games more

To compare the prevalence and intensity of victimisation from bullying characteristics victim bullying, comparing adolescents with without chronic conditions (CC).School survey.Postmandatory schools.A total 7005 students (48% females) aged 16-20 years, distributed into CC (728, 50% controls (6277, 48% females). Chronic condition was defined as having a disease and/or physical disability.Prevalence bullying-intensity bullying-and sociodemographic, biopsychosocial, familial, school violence...

In the past two decades, iconography of victimhood mobilized by child rights advocates has changed significantly. particular, victim violence replaced street as dominant icon on international agenda. Based data from more than 300 documents produced between 1989 and 2009 interviews with leading advocates, this article explores diverging trajectories iconic victims. It follows traces successive translations idea ‘stolen childhood’ locates them against backdrop evolutions in children’s field.

Evidence-based and reliable measures of addictive disorders are needed in general population-based assessments. One study suggested that heavy use over time (UOT) should be used instead self-reported addiction scales (AS). This compared UOT AS regarding video gaming internet empirically, using associations with comorbid factors.Cross-sectional data from the 2011 French Survey on Health Consumption Call-up Preparation for Defence-Day (ESCAPAD), cross-sectional 2012 Swiss ado@internet.ch two...

The purpose of this article is to identify tobacco and cannabis co-consumptions consumers' perceptions each substance. A qualitative research including 22 youths (14 males) aged 15-21 years in seven individual interviews five focus groups. Discussions were recorded, transcribed verbatim transferred Atlas.ti software for narrative analysis. main consumption mode cigarettes which always mix tobacco. Participants perceive much more positively than tobacco, considered unnatural, harmful...

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether problematic internet use is associated with somatic complaints and this association remains when checking for activity among a random sample of adolescents living in the canton Vaud, Switzerland. METHODS: Cross-sectional survey 3,067 8th graders (50.3% females) divided into average (n = 2,708) 359) Internet users compared (backache, overweight, headaches, musculoskeletal pain, sleep problems sight problems) controlling sociodemographic internet-related variables....

<h3>Background</h3> Among young people, about one in three females and five males report experiencing emotional distress but 65–95% of them do not receive help from health professionals. <h3>Aim</h3> To assess the differences among people who seek those for their psychological problems, considering frequency consultations to GP social resources. <h3>Design study</h3> School survey. <h3>Setting</h3> Post-mandatory school. <h3>Method</h3> a Swiss national representative sample 7429 students...

Using a sample of octogenarians from the Swiss Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study on Oldest Old, authors investigated predictive validity an expanded working definition frailty based deficiencies in mobility, memory, energy, and physical or sensory capacities analyzed resulting health transitions. The five domains were considered as predictors onset dependence activities daily living (ADLs) death using logistic multilevel Cox survival regression models. Health transitions studied with...