Web mashups are applications developed using contents and services available online. Despite rapidly increasing interest in over the past two years, comprehensive development tools frameworks lacking, most cases mashing up a new application implies significant manual programming effort. This article overviews current tools, frameworks, trends that aim to facilitate mashup development. The authors use set of characteristic dimensions highlight strengths weaknesses some representative approaches.

Creating composite applications from reusable components is an important technique in software engineering and data management. Although a large body of research development covers integration at the application levels, little work has been done to facilitate it presentation level. This article discusses existing user interface frameworks component technologies used integration, illustrates their strengths weaknesses, presents some opportunities for future

The development of user interfaces (UIs) is one the most time-consuming aspects in software development. In this context, lack proper reuse mechanisms for UIs increasingly becoming manifest, especially as more and moving toward composite applications. paper we propose a framework integration stand-alone modules or applications, where occurs at presentation layer. Hence, final goal to reduce effort required UI by maximizing reus.

Understanding the effects of off-farm employment rural laborers on agricultural land use is essential to promote farmland transfer and enhance development in China. This study aims investigate direct impact mediating role production services outsourcing (APSO) by using Probit Tobit model approaches. uses field survey data 960 households 12 counties four main grain producing provinces Findings this show that has a significant positive effect out from negative into households. Furthermore,...

In the recent literature, energy efficiency got attention of scholars due to its discouraging impact on CO2 emissions, which is considered most prevalent greenhouse gas that human activities produce. Data reports China leading emitting country across globe, and still environmental degradation in progress. Thus, current paper empirically investigates (ENEF), financial inclusion (FD), GDP, export diversification (EXD), capital index (HCI) over period from 1988 2018. This study uses various...

Abstract This article provides new estimates of the marginal product public agricultural research and extension on state productivity for U.S., using updated data definitions, forecasts future growth by state. The underlying rationale a number important decisions that underlie used in cost‐return are presented. parameters model estimated from panel contiguous U.S. 48 states 1970 to 2004. Public shown be substitutes rather than complements. econometric TFP predicts rates two‐thirds is less...

China is the world’s largest apple producer, and agricultural cooperatives play an important role in promoting sustainable production its whole life cycle system. However, few studies on have evaluated environmental economic performance from thinking perspective. In this study, combined methods of assessment (LCA) cost (LCC) were used to comparatively analyze between smallholder farmers. The results showed that, compared farmers, significantly reduced resource depletion impacts by...

Lignin is the second most abundant and low-cost natural polymer, but its high value-added utilization still lack of effective economic ways. In this paper, waste lignosulfonate (LS) was introduced to fabricate antifouling membrane surfaces via layer-by-layer self-assembly with polyethyleneimine (PEI). The LS/PEI multilayers were successfully deposited on polysulfone (PSf) membrane, as demonstrated by ATR-FTIR, XPS, Zeta potential measurements, AFM, SEM. Meanwhile, effect number bilayers...

Ex situ poverty alleviation relocation (ESPAR) is a Chinese government program created to address rural and land management issues. Affecting around 10 million people, the process involves encouraging smallholder farmers leave their homesteads move new housing. By consolidating people into medium density accommodation, amount of available for other purposes can be increased. However, some were reluctant move, many those who accepted housing failed demolish homestead rehabilitate as required....

Abstract Background Unvegetated tidal flats of mangrove ecosystems in estuarine and non-estuarine areas play a crucial role the coastal blue carbon sinks biogeochemical cycle. However, there is still lack comprehensive understanding differences soil organic (SOC) contents between areas, as well their influencing factors. Methods In this study, samples were collected from Leizhou Peninsula. We compared SOC physicochemical properties flats. The Random Forest algorithm was employed to identify...

Global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe, so the identification and protection of potential areas for harvesting play important roles in alleviating drought. Suitable sites require a high runoff potential. Avoiding soil erosion caused by surface runoff, however, also necessary. We therefore developed procedure continuous accounting based on Soil Conservation Service curve number risks loss universal equation to evaluate harvesting. rainwater covered 24.90% semi-arid area...

Being resettled is a complex and traumatic process. International experience reveals that people are made worse off by project induced displacement resettlement. In China, country with much dam resettlement, since 2006 there has been considerable government attention to ensure post-resettlement outcomes improved better as result of being resettled. We describe the context dam-induced resettlement in analyse support mechanisms used. identify key success factors have led effective outcomes....

This study analyzes the economic system dynamics of investment in real estate from mainly four participants China. Local governments limit supply commercial and residential land to raise fiscal revenue, expand debts by mortgage develop industrial zones parks. Led local government, banks development enterprises forge a coalition on facilitate price appreciation. The above theoretical model is empirically evidenced with VAR (Vector Auto Regression) methodology. A panel shows that leasing...

Purpose This study examines the heterogeneous correlations between rural farmers' land renting behavior and their grain production when they experienced a significant price decline. Design/methodology/approach We used well-timed panel data obtained from two-round survey held in 2013 2017 among 621 households North China Plain. The empirical analyses were conducted by using pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) fixed effects models. Findings Rural tenants having responses agricultural there was...

Abstract: Ecosystem services were defined as the conditions and processes through which natural ecosystems, species that make them up, sustain fulfill human life. They include provisioning, regulating, cultural, supporting services. These form basis on regional environmental reserves development are assessed for valuation of ecosystem In this paper Hainan Island is used an example to explore methods regulating based structure a ecosystem. Ecosystems classified into 13 types: valley rain...