Abstract InsectSound1000 is a dataset comprising more than 169000 labelled sound samples of 12 insects. The insect level spans from very loud ( Bombus terrestris ) to inaudible human ears Aphidoletes aphidimyza ). were extracted 1000 h recordings made in an anechoic box with four-channel low-noise measurement microphone array. Each sample wave-file 2500 kHz length, at 16 rate and 32 bit resolution. Acoustic recognition holds great potential form the basis digital sensor. Such sensors are...

Abstract Successful and efficient pest management is key to sustainable horticultural food production. While greenhouses already allow digital monitoring control of their climate parameters, a lack sensors hinders the advent systems. To close loop, systems need be enabled directly assess state different insect populations in greenhouse. The presented article investigates feasibility acoustic for detection greenhouses. study based on an extensive dataset recordings made with array...

In this investigation, three different methods for the harvesting of spruce under otherwise identical conditions were analysed with respect to their greenhouse gas emissions per unit output: a partially mechanised method using motor saws and draft horses, more highly forestry tractor fully harvester forwarder. All sub-steps from fallen trees transportation road included in investigated audit, which followed rules streamlined life cycle assessment. The lowest produced by (305.7 kg CO2e ha−1),...

Abstract When approving plant protection products, exposure data are required for risk analysis. Exposure can be collected various pathways, such as dermal, inhalation or ground sediment. For measuring exposures, pyranine, a fluorescent dye, and collector used. However, the choice of material depends on specific pathway. This study aims to determine most suitable collector, in combination with tracer recording through different pathways practical trials. Seven collectors (Tyvek ® , labels,...

Abstract Exposure to pesticide spray drift during the application of plant protection products (PPP) in orchards poses potential health risks bystanders and residents. To address this concern, study aimed gather novel field data on exposure orchards. The research was conducted by Julius Kuehn-Institute (JKI), Federal Office Consumer Protection Food Safety (BVL), German Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR). From 2018 2021, method conducting trials analysis implemented. from multiple series...

Up to 58% of NH3 emissions can be reduced through the use urease inhibitor Atmowell® in cattle farming. Automated manure scraper and drag hose systems should used apply inhibitors (UIs) stable floors. Proof safe is also needed. A risk assessment PPDA was conducted utilising estimated calculated exposure data along with established verified model calculation tools. Risk models improved using measured dermal data. The fluorescent dye pyranine a Tyvek® collector were measure exposure. attached...

Earlier systems for direct injection of plant protection products (PPP) did not satisfy the requirements of practical farming because time lag between dosing PPP and its application and cleaning problems. To offer solutions in this respect, a prototype field sprayer with site-specific application was conceived, constructed tested. This prototype has three separate nozzle lines, each with own unit capable of preloading individual spray mixture so that no occurs application....

The aim of this investigation was to gain empirical knowledge from the practical usage three different helical chipper prototypes and determine which construction parameters influence performance a chipper, stability its components quality wood chips. Initially, qualitative classification eight tool, machine, two feedstock with respect their impact on these target variables undertaken. Further two-work piece were also included in classification. These then described more specifically...

Das Ziel der nachhaltigen Intensivierung Landwirtschaft ist die Steigerung weltweiten Nahrungsmittelproduktion bei gleichzeitiger Reduzierung des Inputs sowie Vermeidung von negativen Umwelteinflussen. Wachsende Kritik an den derzeitigen Produktionssystemen demografische Wandel, mit einem zunehmenden Arbeitskraftemangel in landlichen Raumen einhergeht, stellen weltweit eine zunehmende Herausforderung fur dar. Im Rahmen dieses Problemfeldes bieten Digitalisierung und auto­nome...

Too many ammonia emissions are released into the environment from cattle farming. These damage and have an impact on animal human health. Ammonia Emissions could be reduce by urease inhibitors. Before using inhibitor suspension Atmowell® in farming a risk assessment is required. This includes exposure data barn. As there no method for measurements yet approach of fluorometry was taken. The fluorescent dye pyranine shall replace later studies as tracer. can replaced, interaction between...

(2007). Shaping Germany's Post-War Intelligence Service: The Gehlen Organization, the U.S. Army, and Central Intelligence, 1945–1949. Journal of History: Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 41-59.

<abstract><title><italic>Abstract.</italic></title> In experiments with conical helical chippers, it was found that the wood chips produced were always shorter than chipper’s pitch. Until now, no explanation of this phenomenon has been given in literature. This article considers theoretically process chip formation a chipper respect to its geometry and length, thickness, width resulting chips. Additionally, an approximation formula for length derived using geometrical relationships....

<abstract><title><italic>Abstract.</italic></title> The chipping of wood with helical chippers can be done either a conical or cylindrical blade. These methods vary not only according to the shape blade and rotor but, importantly, also respect direction material infeed. infeed is parallel axis chipper; in contrast, chipper, occurs at specific angle, which apparently determined by chipper’s angle. Machines are available on market these concepts. Because this, question arises as how two...

Abstract Background Insecticides are sprayed on external building walls for treatments against crawling and flying insects. These applications can lead to drift into non-target areas thus undesirable environmental pollution. This emission pathway needs be considered during exposure assessments within product authorisations assess potential risks. However, now, there is only one default value deposition that used in all calculations based the Emission Scenario Document of Organization...

Abstract Tightly sealed driver's cabs can effectively protect the user from exposure when applying crop protection products. Therefore, under certain conditions, users in such cabins avoid wearing personal protective equipment for skin and eyes. The effect depends on technical design handling of different cabin types be divided into categories with levels protection. Since level associated possibility not has been sufficiently scientifically verified past, present study was carried out to...