Enzyme and metabolic engineering offer the potential to develop biocatalysts for converting natural resources into a wide range of chemicals. To broaden scope products beyond metabolites, methods enzymes accept alternative substrates and/or perform novel chemistries must be developed. DNA synthesis can create large libraries enzyme-coding sequences, but most biochemistries lack simple assay screen promising enzyme variants. Our solution this challenge is structure-guided mutagenesis in which...

Microbial metabolism is an attractive route for producing medium chain length fatty acids, e.g., octanoic acid, used in the oleochemical industry. One challenge to this strategy lack of enzymes that are both highly active a microbial host and selective toward substrates with desired length. Of many steps acid biosynthesis, thioesterase most widely enzyme controlling Thioesterases hydrolyze thioester bond between acids acyl-carrier protein (ACP) or coenzyme A (CoA) cofactor. The functional...

We developed a pH dependent amino heptamethine cyanine based theranostic probe (I

Reaction of o-(diphenylphosphino)(N-benzylidene)aniline (P∼N) with [Ir(COD)Cl]2 affords the substitution product [(P∼N)Ir(COD)Cl] (1). Treatment 1 AgBF4 yields cyclometalated iridium hydride complex [P,N,C-(P∼N)Ir(COD)H]BF4 (2). On other hand, under atmospheric pressure CO, carrying out P∼N results in formation [P,N,C-(P∼N)Ir(CO)HCl] (5). Conversion 4 into 5 can be achieved by reaction CO presence tetraethylammonium chloride. Both and are characterized spectroscopic X-ray structural...

Rationale: Nanoparticles (NPs) that are rapidly eliminated from the body offer great potential in clinical test.Renal excretion of small particles is preferable over other clearance pathways to minimize toxicity.Thus, there a significant demand prepare ultra-small theranostic agents with renal behaviors.Method: In this work, we report facile method NPs size show clearable behavior for imaging-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT).Pyropheophorbide-a (Pa), deep red photosensitizer was...

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , thiamin pyrimidine is formed from histidine and pyridoxal phosphate (PLP). The origin of all the atoms has been previously determined using labeling studies suggests that remarkable chemistry without chemical or biochemical precedent. Here we report overexpression closely related Candida albicans synthase (THI5p) reconstitution preliminary characterization enzymatic activity. A structure C. THI5p shows PLP bound at active site via an imine with Lys62 His66 in...

β-Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) has recently gained attention for a nutritional supplement because it is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ ). In this study, we developed NMN synthesis by coupling two modules. The first module to culture E. coli MG1655 ▵tktA ▵tktB ▵ptsG metabolize xylose generate D-ribose medium. supernatant containing was applied second which composed EcRbsK-EcPRPS-CpNAMPT reaction synthesize NMN, that requires additional...

To avoid off-target effects, targeted cancer therapy offers a feasible alternative to traditional therapies such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The human ferritin receptor (transferrin receptor, TfR1) is greatly overexpressed in several types, including liver cancer. Therefore, (HFn) has been used drug encapsulation for therapy. However, the method time-consuming not applicable all conditions. In this study, we effectively designed HFn fused with photosensitizing protein called...

Glycoconjugate aza-BODIPY dyes (<bold>AZB-Glc</bold> and <bold>AZB-Glc-I</bold>) exhibit increased tumor uptake owing to the Warburg effect enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT).

Photothermal therapy is a promising treatment modality in the realm of cancer therapy. nanomaterials that absorb and emit near-infrared range (750-900 nm) have drawn lot attention recently because deep penetration NIR light biological tissue. Most nanomaterials, however, are produced by encapsulating or altering surface nanoplatform, which has limited loading capacity long-term storage. Herein, we developed stable polymer conjugated with aza-BODIPY self-assembled to form nanoparticles (

Nitroreductase (NTR), found in various bacteria, plays a crucial role the detoxification of nitro-containing compounds, making it valuable target for bacterial detection. In this study, we developed an NTR-responsive fluorescent probe (IND-NO2 ) selective detection NTR activity microorganisms. preliminary tests, Escherichia coli (EcNfsB) was used as model enzyme, and effectively converted probe's nitro group to amino presence reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), resulting...

AZB-IMC2 was developed as a COX-2 specific probe that exhibited brighter fluorescence signal in cancer cells overexpress compared to normal cells. Oxidative stress agent-treated inflamed cell lines inducing high levels revealed an enhanced signal. Inhibitory studies showed markedly reduced intensity The results suggested could be promising molecular tool for imaging guiding during surgery.

A chalcone series (3a–f) with electron push–pull effect was synthesized via a one-pot Claisen–Schmidt reaction simple purification step. The compounds exhibited strong emission, peaking around 512–567 nm mega-stokes shift (∆λ = 93–139 nm) in polar solvents (DMSO, MeOH, and PBS) showed good photo-stability. Therefore, 3a–f were applied cellular imaging. After 3 h of incubation, green fluorescence clearly brighter cancer cells (HepG2) compared to normal (HEK-293), suggesting preferential...

Fluorescence-based techniques are essential for the analysis of nucleic acids. Two readily obtainable small cationic dyes with increased fluorescence following non-covalent DNA binding showed selectivity Gram-negative bacteria and cancer cells.

In many bacteria tenI is found clustered with genes involved in thiamin thiazole biosynthesis. However, while TenI shows high sequence similarity phosphate synthase, the purified protein has no synthase activity, and role of this enzyme biosynthesis remains unknown. contribution, we identify function as a tautomerase, describe structure complexed its reaction product, substrates histidine 122 acid/base residues catalysis, propose mechanism for reaction. The identification completes all...

A quinoline-malononitrile (QM)-based aggregation-induced emission probe was developed to detect MAOs in cells through an enzymatic reaction followed by β-elimination. After being incubated at 37 °C, QM-NH2 responded the MAO enzymes with great specificity and within just 5 min. This min responsive mechanism fast, limit of detection (LOD) 5.49 4.76 µg mL-1 for MAO-A MAO-B, respectively. Moreover, displayed high enzyme even presence concentrations biological interferences, such as oxidizing...

Abstract A new series of aza‐BODIPYs ( CN−X ) with significantly red‐shifted absorbances were designed and synthesized by installation various electron‐donating groups on the para ‐positions 3,5‐phenyl while strong electron‐withdrawing (nitrile groups) fixed 1,7‐phenyl moieties. Interestingly, such as N'N ‐dimethylaniline CN−NMe 2 could provide NIR absorption up to 857 nm weak fluorescence emission 967 nm, whereas evidence supported heat production via non‐radiative decay after excitation....

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and cannabidiol (CBD) have been explored for their potential in synergistic cancer treatment. In this study, we employed CBD oil as a lipid phase, encapsulated within AZB-I@Lec-T to create lipid-based nanoparticles. Here, does two tasks: it acts pyroptosis agent destroy liver cells phase dissolve the photosensitizer. It was expected that system would offer between PDT better than single use of each With series vitro experiments, nanoparticles exhibited induced...

NucPNP and NucV involved in the early steps of nucleocidin biosynthesis were characterized <italic>in vitro</italic>. The results provide insight to study future.

A new chalcone-based fluorescent turn-on probe (<bold>3c</bold>) responsive to nitroreductase (NTR) activity and its application toward the detection of bacteria are presented.

To improve the potency of Heptamethine cyanines (Hcyanines) in cancer research, we designed and synthesized two novel Hcyanines based theranostic probes, IR794-Morph IR794-Morph-Mpip, to enhance cell internalization targeting. In acidic conditions that resemble tumour environment, both IR794 derivatives exhibited broad NIR absorption band (704‒794 nm) fluorescence emission (798‒828 is suitable for deep seated imaging. Moreover, vitro study revealed IR794-Morph-Mpip better targetability...