Abstract The influences of morphology and thickness zinc oxide (ZnO) buffer layers on the performance inverted polymer solar cells are investigated. ZnO with different varying from several nanometers to ≈55 nm fabricated by adjusting concentration precursor sol. nearly same surface quality but ≈7 ≈65 also spinning coating for comparison. photovoltaic is found be strongly dependent less thickness. use dense homogenous enhances fill factor short‐circuit current cell without sacrificing...

An ultrathin TiO2 layer is successfully coated on the surface of sub-m-sized aggregates ZnO nanocrystallites through atomic deposition (ALD) technique. The core/TiO2 shell structure increases open-circuit voltage, without impairing photocurrent density and results in an increased power conversion efficiency from 5.2% to 6.3%. Detailed facts importance specialist readers are published as "Supporting Information". Such documents peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They made...

We report a cobalt pyrite (cobalt disulfide, CoS2) thin film on glass as robust, high-performance, low-cost, earth-abundant counter electrode for liquid-junction quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) that employ the aqueous sulfide/polysulfide (S2–/Sn2–) redox electrolyte hole-transporting medium. The metallic CoS2 is prepared via thermal sulfidation of deposited and has been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction electron microscopy. Using electrode, CdS/CdSe-sensitized QDSSCs...

Mesoporous V2O5 nanofibers were fabricated by a method combining sol–gel processing with electrospinning followed annealing in air. The resultant 350 nm diameter and consisted of porous polycrystalline vanadium oxide specific surface area ∼97 m2 g−1. mesoporous demonstrated significantly enhanced Li ion storage capacity above 370 mA h g−1 high charge/discharge rate up to 800 little cyclic degradation.

ZnO nanoparticle-nanowire (NP-NW) array hybrid photoanodes for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) with NW arrays to serve as a direct pathway fast electron transport and NPs dispersed between NWs offer high specific surface area sufficient dye adsorption has been fabricated investigated improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE). The overall PCE of photoanode DSC N3-sensitized reached ∼4.2%, much higher than both ∼1.58% ∼1.31% NP DSC, prepared tested under otherwise identical conditions.

Blood pressure (BP) is a vital sign that provides fundamental health information regarding patients. Continuous BP monitoring important for patients with hypertension. Various studies have proposed cuff-less methods using pulse transit time. We propose an end-to-end deep learning architecture only raw signals without the process of extracting features to improve estimation performance attention mechanism. The model consisted convolutional neural network, bidirectional gated recurrent unit,...

Resurgent interest in iron pyrite (FeS2) as an earth-abundant, nontoxic semiconductor for solar applications has resulted many attempts to grow phase-pure thin films via chemical vapor deposition (CVD). However, all grown CVD or sulfidation date have contained marcasite phase other sulfide impurities. Here, we report the use of metallic cobalt (cattierite, CoS2) ideal substrate leading first direct growth atmospheric pressure CVD. This synthesis was achieved by reacting FeCl3 and ditert...

Great improvement on corrosion resistance was achieved by adding small amount of Ta into ASTM Gr13 titanium alloy. Main contribution to the improved originated from stabilized passive film in terms prolonged time passivity loss. OCP results showed that transition state corroding one with content. This behavior also supported EIS results, where loop shrinkage denoting loss retarded and/or inhibited addition. Microstructural analysis revealed added functioned as both substitution element and...

The charge transport properties in the TiO(2) nanoparticle networks with different sizes were investigated by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) consideration morphological aspects mesoporous network including particle size (d(p)), coordination number (N(n)), neck diameter (d(n)), and effective surface area (S(e)). analysis revealed that would be factors exerting an impact on properties, while seemed to consistent size. As a result, electron along was predominantly...

Abstract Nanocrystallite aggregates are spherical assemblies of nanometer‐sized crystallites and feature a size on the order sub‐micrometers. This paper reports summarizes recent progress in nanocrystallite for applications dye‐sensitized solar cells. It emphasizes that promising class materials with capability to generate light scattering, enhance electron transport, retain high specific surface area dye adsorption, facilitate electrolyte diffusion while serving as photoelectrode film cell....

Photoelectrodes made of submicrometer-sized aggregates ZnO nanocrystallites coated with TiO2 layer by atomic deposition different annealing temperatures were investigated for dye-sensitized solar cells. Although the at 350 °C is commonly used in order to preserve desired large surface area and mesoporous structure, presence ALD-TiO2 on would enable increase temperature up 450 without a loss suppressing diffusion atoms. The morphology crystal size BET results supported fact that effective...

As wide spreading of camera-equipped devices to the daily living environment, there are enormous opportunities utilize camera-based remote photoplethysmography (PPG) for physiological monitoring. In PPG (rPPG) monitoring, region interest (ROI) is related signal quality and computational load extraction processing. Designating best ROI on body while minimizing its size essential computationally efficient rPPG extraction. this study, we densely analyzed face find facial We divided into seven...

The cardio-respiratory signal is a fundamental vital sign used for assessment of patient's status. Additionally, the provides great deal information to healthcare providers wishing monitor healthy individuals. air mattress sensor system allows measurement respiration and heart beat movements without use harness or on subject's body, which eliminates difficulties these pose long term measurements. In order increase sensitivity, differential technique between two cells was used. concept...

Highly oriented TiO2 nanotubes have been fabricated using ZnO nanorod template through liquid reactive deposition on the ITO substrates. The diameter and length of can be effectively controlled for suitable use a hybrid solar cell by varying template. A mixture P3HT/PCBM was infiltrated into gaps between to form cells. open circuit voltage, short current density, fill factor, power conversion efficiency highly were 646 mV, 9.95 mA cm−2, 51.6%, 3.32%, respectively, much higher than 1.2% based...

Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloys exhibit excellent mechanical properties due to fine oxide dispersion, but they have great limitations utilizing powder fabrication via alloying. Therefore, this study examined the alloy composition and process that can fabricate ODS titanium (Ti) in situ through a gas atomization method. The content of oxide, which dissolve molten Ti during melting precipitate inside powders cooling atomization, were derived thermodynamic calculations. + 1 wt%...

An automated method for electrocardiogram (ECG)-artifact detection and elimination is proposed application to a single-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) without separate ECG channel reference. The based on three characteristics of artifacts: the spike-like property, periodicity lack correlation with EEG. involves two-step process: artifact using energy interval histogram (EIH) modification ensemble average subtraction. We applied smoothed nonlinear operator contaminated EEG, which...

Charge transport properties such as electron lifetime (τn), diffusion coefficient (Dn), and length (Ln) were investigated for the ZnO nanorod aggregate photoelectrodes annealed at different temperatures to understand effects of structural evolution on charge properties. With an increasing annealing temperature, crystallites in aggregates experienced from individual rods partially sintered finally spherical large nanocrystallites, resulting appreciable growth nanocrystallites necks between...

Alloying elements such as Ru, Nb and Ta were added to ASTM Grade 13 (Gr13) titanium alloy obtain improved corrosion resistance, especially for the high reducing environment. TEM results showed that Ru was mainly used in forming β-Ti precipitate, while detected both Ti2Ni precipitates. APT analysis revealed not only a substitution element precipitate but also solid solution element, which finally TiO2 film. From OCP considering duration time passivity loss, it can be inferred provided...