The fish immune system is quite different from the mammalian because anterior kidney forms main site for hematopoiesis in this species. Using transcription factor-specific Abs derived murine system, together with anti-trout Ig and Percoll gradient separation, we analyzed B cells trout sections compared them to those spleen blood. For study, were separated by gradients, resulting subpopulations defined based on expression of cell-specific factors Pax-5 lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1,...

Abstract These studies describe the in vitro and ex vivo generation of plasmablasts plasma cells trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) peripheral blood splenic anterior kidney tissues. Cells were derived either from naive cultured with polyclonal activator, Escherichia coli LPS, or that had been immunized trinitrophenyl-keyhole limpet hemocyanin. Hydroxyurea was used to resolve populations replicating (plasmablast) nonreplicating (plasma cell) Ab-secreting (ASC). Complete inhibition Ig secretion only...

It has been proposed that the helix-loop-helix (HLH) protein Id serves as a general antagonist of cell differentiation by inhibiting bHLH (HLH with an adjacent stretch basic amino acids) proteins specifically required for developmental programs (such MyoD). We show here ectopic expression represses in vivo activity E2-5 (encoded E2A gene) and both immunoglobulin heavy-chain (IgH) kappa-light-chain gene enhancers to which binds. does not affect bHLH-zip protein, TFE3, also binds these...

Abstract Although T cells are known to play a crucial role in the induction of IgE synthesis, class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restriction aeroallergen‐induced cell responses humans is incompletely defined. We have previously shown that, allergic Caucasoid individuals, HLA‐DR2 and Dw2 (DR2.2) strongly associated with specific IgG antibody highly purified Ambrosia (ragweed) allergen, Amb V, from artemisiifolia (short) species. For example, 95% responders V were typed as DR2.2....

The transcription factor Pax-5 is expressed during the early stages of B-cell differentiation and influences expression several B-cell-specific genes. In addition to existing isoform (Pax-5, which we have named Pax-5a), isolated three new isoforms, Pax-5b, Pax-5d, Pax-5e, from murine spleen B-lymphoid cell lines using library screenings polymerase chain reaction amplification. Isoforms Pax-5b Pax-5e spliced out their second exon, resulting in proteins with only a partial DNA-binding domain....

Several genes of the src family encode protein-tyrosine kinases that associate with B-cell antigen receptor complex and are activated upon cross-linking, including blk, lyn, fyn. The blk gene is only member this whose expression restricted to B-lymphoid cells. In B lineage, developmentally regulated: transcripts first detected in pro-B-cells persist until differentiation mature B-cells plasma We have found promoter a target for specific DNA-binding protein activity cell lines positively...

The murine blk gene, which encodes a B-lymphoid-specific tyrosine kinase of the Src family (p55blk), contains 13 exons that span more than 30 kilobases DNA on chromosome 14. In first three exons, encode 5'-untranslated region and N-terminal amino acid sequence unique to p55blk, gene differs from other members src family; in last 10 organization is similar genes. By primer extension S1 nuclease protection analyses, we show transcripts initiate four major sites at 5'-flank blk; two...

We studied adaptive thermotolerance in replicate populations of Drosophila melanogaster artificially selected for high and low knockdown temperature (T(KD)), the upper at which flies can no longer remain upright or locomote effectively. Responses to selection have generated High T(KD) capable maintaining locomotor function approximately 40 degrees C, Low with 35 C. examined inducible thermotolerance, as well thermal survivorship, following a pretreatment heat-shock (known induce proteins)...

CD40 is a member of the growing tumor necrosis factor receptor family that has been shown to play important roles in T cell-mediated B lymphocyte activation. Ligation cell by CD154, mainly expressed on activated cells, stimulates proliferation, differentiation, isotype switching, up-regulation surface molecules contributing antigen presentation, development germinal center, and humoral memory response. In this study we demonstrate redox APE/Ref-1 acts as key signaling intermediate response...

It has been proposed that the helix-loop-helix (HLH) protein Id serves as a general antagonist of cell differentiation by inhibiting bHLH (HLH with an adjacent stretch basic amino acids) proteins specifically required for developmental programs (such MyoD). We show here ectopic expression represses in vivo activity E2-5 (encoded E2A gene) and both immunoglobulin heavy-chain (IgH) kappa-light-chain gene enhancers to which binds. does not affect bHLH-zip protein, TFE3, also binds these...

Atopic allergy is a common disease that provides an appropriate model for studying the genetic and molecular basis of human immune responsiveness its relationship to immunological (Marsh 1975; Marsh et al. 1981). In case allergy, unlike most other diseases, clear causal has been established between specific (detected by presence serum IgE antibodies) expression atopic disease. A large number highly purified, well-characterized allergens are now available, many more identified await...

The immunoglobulin J chain gene is inducibly transcribed in mature B cells upon antigen recognition and a signal from interleukin-2 (IL-2). cell-specific activator protein (BSAP), transcription factor that silences transcription, has been identified as nuclear target of the IL-2 signal. levels BSAP progressively decrease response to this change correlates with differentiation into antibody secreting plasma cells. Here we report binding upstream stimulatory (USF) an E-box motif immediately...

A panel of 188 unrelated Caucasian subjects who were exposed to the larvae Chironomus thummi (Diptera, nonbiting midges) was HLA-typed by polymerase chain reaction amplijication second axons DRB, DQAl, and DQBl genes followed dot-blot hybridization with sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes.Type Z sensitization allergen Chi t a large number other inhalant allergens determined b>, RAST skin testing.Sixty-one individuals found be sensitized I, whom 24 sensitive this no alleqens...