The effects of three silane coupling agents, triethoxy(octyl)silane (TEOS), bis[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]disulfide (TESPD), and bis[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]tetrasulfide (TESPT) on the filler-rubber interaction, crosslink density structure silica-filled solution styrene butadiene rubber (SSBR) vulcanizates were studied. High dispersion silica, 7000GR, was used as filler, loading range varied from 0 to 60 phr. Crosslink measured by swelling method. Experimental results showed that Kraus plot...

Abstract Owing to the trend of faster and denser circuit design, dielectric properties packaging materials for semi‐conductors will have greater influence on performance reliability. Also, as chips become more densely packaged, thermal dissipation becomes a critical reliability issue. Consequently, four important manufacturing semi‐conductor are: low values constants, high conductivity, relatively expansion coefficients, cost. Thus, in this study, AlN (Aluminum Nitride) was selected filler...

Styrene-butadiene-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer (GMA-SBR) was synthesized by emulsion polymerization for the fuel efficient tire tread composite. The chemical structure of GMA-SBR analyzed using infrared spectroscopy, 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography, and differential scanning calorimetry. GMA-SBR/silica composite is first instance introduced covalent bonds between silica filler rubber molecules in-chain modification styrene-butadiene molecules. After compounding, curing...

Abstract With the increasing interest in environmental and health issues, legal restrictions, such as European Union (EU) End of Life Vehicle Directives, were strengthened. This led us to incorporate nano zinc oxide (nano‐ZnO), with particle sizes 30–40 nm specific surface areas 25.0–50.0 m 2 /g, instead conventional ZnO into natural rubber (NR)/butadiene (BR) compounds decrease content formulation. In unfilled system, only a 20 wt % nano‐ZnO content, compared showed cure characteristics...

Silica compounds were prepared using non-functionalized solution styrene-butadiene rubber (SSBR) to investigate effect of the functional group silanes on silica modification and properties SSBR/silica compounds. Bis-[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]disulfide (TESPD), 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane (MPTES), 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES), 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane (CPTES) used as silane agents. Bound contents vulcanizate structures analyzed, physical...

Physical properties of rubber compounds are affected by the filler–rubber interaction, filler dispersion in matrix, and cross-link structure formed during vulcanization. In particular, is closely related to physical vulcanizates has been analyzed using swelling test Flory-Rehner equation. However, relationship between cannot be explained density obtained these methods. The from a complex result interaction occurring compounding as well chemical sulfur Moreover, that use silica need...

Energy loss in carbon black (CB) filled vulcanizates can be reduced by decreasing the CB volume fraction, reducing localized deformation of rubber molecules between low-structure fillers, and increasing crosslink density vulcanizates. However, decreased fraction use degrade mechanical properties vulcanizate. Furthermore, increased leads to drawbacks, such as decrease dynamic fatigue property. In this study, considering performance trade-off from energy reduction CB-filled vulcanizate,...

ABSTRACT We investigated how end-functionalized solution styrene–butadiene rubber (SSBR) affects the vulcanizate structures and physical properties of silica-filled vulcanizates using non-functionalized SSBRs with aminopropylalkoxysilane. Two silane agents were used. Triethoxy(octyl)silane was used as a covering agent, bis-[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]disulfide applied coupling agent. The effects three different silica–silane systems agent (CV), (CP), or no (NS) analyzed. In CV NS systems,...

Liquid butadiene rubber (LqBR) which used as a processing aid play vital role in the manufacturing of high-performance tire tread compounds. However, studies on effect molecular weight, microstructure, and functionalization LqBR properties compounds are still insufficient. In this study, non-functionalized center-functionalized liquid rubbers (N-LqBR C-LqBR modified with ethoxysilyl group, respectively) were synthesized low vinyl content different weights using anionic polymerization....

The increasing global adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has shifted the focus tire research toward enhancing fuel efficiency and abrasion resistance. In this study, we propose triethoxysilyl-terminated telechelic liquid butadiene rubber with disulfide linkages (Si69-LBR) as a processing aid in tread compound to enhance performance. triethoxysilyl groups at both ends Si69-LBR form covalent bonds silanol on silica surface, additionally cross-link base rubber. was synthesized via "one-step"...

ABSTRACT In this study, 1,2,3‐triazole crosslinked polymers were synthesized as a new binder for solid rocket propellant systems by reacting the azide groups of polymer with ethynyl dipolarophile curing agent. All mixtures cured in an oven at 52°C 7 days, and reactivity products was analyzed using Fourier transform‐infrared spectrometer. The carbonyl group adjacent to triple bond, which acts electron‐withdrawing group, considerably accelerated 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction between...

This study presents a method to improve the dispersion of silica in rubber compounds using styrene-butadiene-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer (GMA-SBR) synthesized by cold emulsion polymerization. It has been demonstrated that particles conventional rubbers tend agglomerate during storage, as well at onset vulcanization, because their polarity. GMA-SBR can compatibility with formation covalent bonds between epoxy groups and silanol on surface. SBR 1721 silica-filled were prepared without...

Considering the safety issues of Li ion batteries, an all-solid-state polymer electrolyte has been one promising solutions. Achieving a conductivity solid-state comparable to that liquid (>1 mS/cm) is particularly challenging. Even with characteristic conductivity, employment polyethylene oxide (PEO) solid not sufficient due high crystallinity. In this study, hybrid (HSE) systems have designed Li1.3Al0.3Ti0.7(PO₄)₃ (LATP), PEO and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI). A...

The demand for truck-bus radial (TBR) tires with enhanced fuel efficiency has grown in recent years. Many studies have investigated silica-filled natural rubber (NR) compounds to address these needs. However, offer inferior abrasion resistance compared carbon black-filled compounds. Further, the use of NR as a base can hinder silanization and coupling reactions due interference by proteins lipids. Improved silica dispersion be achieved without silane agent introducing epoxide groups NR,...

As the world is shifting from internal combustion engine vehicles to electric in response environmental pollution, tire industry has been conducting research on performance meet requirements of vehicles. In this experiment, functionalized liquid butadiene rubber (F-LqBR) with triethoxysilyl groups at both ends was introduced into a silica-filled compound as substitute for treated distillate aromatic extract (TDAE) oil, and comparative evaluation conducted according number groups. The results...

Physical properties of rubber compounds are affected by the filler-rubber interaction, filler dispersion in matrix, and crosslink structure formed during vulcanization. Organosilane agents essentially used silica-rubber to inhibit formation silica agglomerates increase networks. Generally, organosilane have an alkoxysilyl alkyl sulfide classified into silane coupling covering depending upon presence sulfur. Coupling a sulfur moiety serve as donor vulcanization process, thus increasing...

ABSTRACT Emulsion polymerization is generally used to synthesize styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), and the molecular weight of this can be easily increased. However, broad distribution (MWD) SBR increases energy loss adversely affects dynamic viscoelastic properties. To overcome disadvantage, reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, which a type living applied emulsion for preparing RAFT (ESBR). The microstructure ESBR are compared those commercially available...

The tire industry has shown an increasing demand for the reduction in rolling resistance. Efforts have been made to improve viscoelastic properties of compounds and reduce weight tires through optimization vulcanizate structure, which become extremely complex. In this study, vulcanizates using carbon black silica as binary fillers were prepared at various curing temperatures. Vulcanizate structures with respect temperature classified according chemical crosslink density by sulfur, bound...

To improve the dispersion of silica in silica‐filled styrene–butadiene rubber tire tread compounds, we synthesized poly(styrene‐ r ‐butadiene)‐ b ‐poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (p( SB ‐ PEGMA )) as a dispersant. p( ) was by combining living anionic polymerization ( LAP and atom transfer radical ATRP ). Initially, α ‐bromoisobutyryl‐terminated ‐butadiene) pSB ‐Br) prepared styrene butadiene sequential additions ethylene oxide ‐bromoisobutyryl bromide. ‐Br then used...

Hierarchically mesoporous TiO2 films with a high degree of order and connectivity on the sub-100-nm scale are successfully fabricated by dual-templating methods sequentially applied. In this approach, self-assembly block copolymers combined sol-gel reaction is first used to generate highly ordered optimizing their self-assembling behavior. At next step, 50-nm PS nanoparticles deposited generated in previous step produce colloidal crystals, inverse structure order, otherwise, would not form...