In this work, the synthesis and physiochemical characterization of titanium oxide nanoparticle−graphene (TiO2−GO) nanoparticle−reduced graphene (TiO2−RGO) composites was undertaken. TiO2−GO materials were prepared via hydrolysis TiF4 at 60 °C for 24 h in presence an aqueous dispersion (GO). The reaction proceeded to yield insoluble material that is composed TiO2 GO. Composites characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission...

The natural nanomineral ferrihydrite is an important component of many environmental and soil systems has been implicated as the inorganic core ferritin in biological systems. Knowledge its basic structure, composition, extent structural disorder essential for understanding reactivity, stability, magnetic behavior, well changes these properties during aging. Here we investigate compositional, structural, that occur upon aging “2-line” presence adsorbed citrate at elevated temperature....

The increasing global appetite for energy within the transportation sector will inevitably result in combustion of more fossil fuel. A renewable-derived approach to carbon-neutral synthetic fuels is therefore needed offset negative impacts this trend, which include climate change. In communication we report use nonstoichiometric perovskite oxides two-step, solar-thermochemical water or carbon dioxide splitting cycles. We find that LaAlO3 doped with Mn and Sr efficiently split both gases....

Pyromark 2500 is a silicone-based high-temperature paint that has been used on central receivers to increase solar absorptance. The radiative properties, aging, and selective absorber efficiency of are presented in this paper for use as baseline comparison coatings currently being developed. absorptance ranged from ∼0.97 at near-normal incidence angles ∼0.8 glancing (80°) angles, the thermal emittance 100 °C ∼0.9 1000 °C. After aging temperatures ∼750 or higher, decreased by several...

Perovskite oxides (ABO3) are a largely unexplored class of materials in solar fuel applications. In this paper we examine the use nonstoichiometric perovskite-type two-step, solar-thermochemical water or carbon dioxide splitting cycle. We find that O2 begins to evolve during thermal reduction from Sr- and Mn-doped LaAlO3 fully 300 °C lower than CeO2, these compounds will split both H2O CO2. The yield H2 CO is significantly greater benchmark material fuels research, at temperature 150 below...

Developing efficient thermal storage for concentrating solar power plants is essential to reducing the cost of generated electricity, extending or shifting hours operation, and facilitating renewable penetration into grid. Perovskite materials CaBxMn1-xO3-δ family, where B = Al Ti, promise improvements in energy density over other perovskites currently under investigation. Thermogravimetric analysis reduction reoxidation these was used extract equilibrium thermodynamic parameters. The...

Ferrites are promising materials for enabling solar-thermochemical cycles. Such cycles utilize solar-thermal energy the production of hydrogen from water, or carbon monoxide dioxide. Mixing ferrites with zirconia yttria-stabilized (YSZ) greatly improves cyclability and enables a move away powder to monolithic systems. This synergistic effect is only partially understood. In order unravel underlying mechanisms understand evolution thermochemically active phases, we have studied behaviour iron...

Pyromark 2500 is a silicone-based high-temperature paint that has been used on central receivers to increase solar absorptance. The cost, application, curing methods, radiative properties, and absorber efficiency of are presented in this paper for use as baseline comparison selective coatings currently being developed. directional absorptance was calculated from spectral data, values pristine samples were high 0.96–0.97 at near normal incidence angles. At higher irradiance angles...

Ferrites are promising materials for enabling solar-thermochemical cycles the production of synthetic fuels. Such utilize solar-thermal energy hydrogen from water, or carbon monoxide dioxide. Recent work studying thermochemical behaviour iron oxides co-sintered with yttria-stabilised zirconia (YSZ) using thermogravimetric analysis revealed a striking difference in that is solid solution YSZ and which exists as second oxide phase. Materials majority was dissolved exhibited enhanced...

Pyromark® 2500, manufactured by Tempil, is currently the industry standard for high solar absorptive receiver coatings concentrating power towers. However, Pyromark has been reported to degrade if not applied properly or exposed temperatures exceeding 700 °C over a period of time. it apparent such degradation due particular aspect aspects deposition process, which may vary from plant plant. Many variables factor in performance Pyromark, e.g. method, drying time, curing parameters (ramp rate,...

Thin-film solid solutions of SmxNd1−xNiO3 were synthesized on NdGaO3 substrates by pulsed-laser deposition using alternating NdNiO3 and SmNiO3 targets. The films characterized x-ray diffraction variable-temperature four-probe conductivity measurements. grow in the {100}pseudocubic direction. There is a nearly linear increase metal–insulator transition from 199 K for x=0 to 378 x=1, with composition corresponding x=0.6 displaying near room temperature.

Two-step metal-oxide based thermochemical cycles show great promise for the production of synthetic fuel precursors CO and H2 from CO2 H2O, respectively. The basic properties that define an ideal material key traits materials successful implementation will be established. To first level, is defined by thermodynamic properties. thermodynamics establish conditions under which reaction proceed, if it will, also upper efficiency limit process. realized in practice a function extent reactor...

Over the past few decades, inorganic nitride materials have grown in importance part due to their potential as catalysts for synthesis of NH3, a key ingredient fertilizer and precursor industrial chemicals. Of particular interest are ternary (ABN) or higher-order nitrides with high metal-to-nitrogen ratios that show promise enhancing NH3 reaction rates yields via heterogeneous catalysis chemical looping. Although metal predicted be numerous, stability nitrogen triple bonds found N2,...

Concentrating solar power (CSP) systems use absorbers to convert the heat from sunlight electric power. Increased operating temperatures are necessary lower cost of solar-generated electricity by improving efficiencies and reducing thermal energy storage costs. Durable new materials needed cope with < 600°C. The current coating technology (Pyromark High Temperature paint) has a absorptance in excess 0.95 but emittance greater than 0.8, which results large losses at high temperatures. In...

Abstract Thermal-spray and solution-based synthesized coatings offer improved efficiency durability than currently used in concentrating solar power receiver applications.

The use of perovskite oxides as a medium for thermochemical energy storage (TCES) in concentrating solar power systems is reported. known reduction/oxidation (redox) active perovskites LaxSr1-xCoyMn1-yO3 (LSCM) and LaxSr1-xCoyFe1-yO3 (LSCF) were chosen starting point such research. Materials the LSCM LSCF family previously synthesized, their structure characterized, thermodynamics reported TCES operation. Building on this foundation, reduction onset temperatures are examined compositions....