A5028023648- Global Health Care Issues
- Healthcare Policy and Management
- Health disparities and outcomes
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Employment and Welfare Studies
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Literature, Film, and Journalism Analysis
- Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics
- Sex work and related issues
- Retirement, Disability, and Employment
- Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Microfinance and Financial Inclusion
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Art, Politics, and Modernism
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Work-Family Balance Challenges
- Primary Care and Health Outcomes
University of California, Berkeley
2016-2025
Berkeley Public Health Division
2015-2025
National Bureau of Economic Research
1997-2024
Berkeley College
2019-2024
International Paper (United States)
2023
RAND Corporation
1998-2023
University of California, Los Angeles
2023
University of Houston
2023
Oregon Health & Science University
2022
Portland State University
2022
Objective The authors evaluated the use of conditional cash transfers as an HIV and sexually transmitted infection prevention strategy to incentivise safe sex. Design An unblinded, individually randomised controlled trial. Setting 10 villages within Kilombero/Ulanga districts Ifakara Health Demographic Surveillance System in rural south-west Tanzania. Participants enrolled 2399 participants, aged 18–30 years, including adult spouses. Interventions were randomly assigned either a control arm...
To determine socioeconomic status (SES) gradients in the different dimensions of health among elderly Costa Ricans. Hypothesis: SES disparities adult are minimal Rican society. Data from Study on Longevity and Healthy Aging study: 8,000 Ricans to mortality period 2000–2007 a subsample 3,000 prevalence several conditions biomarkers anthropometry blood urine specimens. The ultimate indicator, mortality, as well metabolic syndrome, reveals that better educated wealthier individuals worse off....
<b>Study question</b> What is the effect of default test offers—opt-in, opt-out, and active choice—on likelihood acceptance an HIV among patients receiving care in emergency department? <b>Methods</b> This was a randomized clinical trial conducted department urban teaching hospital regional trauma center. Patients aged 13-64 years were to opt-in, choice offers. The primary outcome percentage. Denver Risk Score used categorize as being at low, intermediate, or high risk infection....
Longevity Complementarities under Competing Risks by William H. Dow, Tomas J. Philipson and Xavier Sala-i-Martin. Published in volume 89, issue 5, pages 1358-1371 of American Economic Review, December 1999
We evaluated the effectiveness of short-term cash and food assistance to improve adherence antiretroviral therapy (ART) retention in care among people living with HIV Tanzania.
Background: There are conflicting findings regarding long- and short-term effects of income on health. Whereas higher average is associated with better health, there evidence that health behaviours worsen in the following receipt. Prior studies revealing such negative receipt focus specific subpopulations examine a limited set outcomes. Methods: The United States Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) an supplement tied to work, largest poverty reduction programme USA. We utilize fact EITC...
Abstract Smoking-associated DNA methylation (DNAm) signatures are reproducible among studies of mostly European descent, with mixed evidence if smoking accelerates epigenetic aging and its relationship to longevity. We evaluated smoking-associated DNAm in the Costa Rican Study on Longevity Healthy Aging (CRELES), including participants from high longevity region Nicoya. measured genome-wide leukocytes, tested Epigenetic Age Acceleration (EAA) five clocks estimates telomere length (DNAmTL),...
Reliable data show that the Nicoyan region of Costa Rica is a hot spot high longevity. A survival follow-up 16,300 elderly Ricans estimated Nicoya death rate ratio (DRR) for males 1990-2011 0.80 (0.69-0.93 CI). For 60-year-old male, probability becoming centenarian seven times Japanese and his life expectancy 2.2 years greater. This advantage does not occur in females, independent socio-economic conditions, disappears out-migrants comes from lower cardiovascular (CV) mortality (DRR = 0.65)....
Mortality in the United States is 18% higher than Costa Rica among adult men and 10% middle-aged women, despite several times income health expenditures of States. This comparison simultaneously shows potential for substantially lowering mortality other middle-income countries highlights States' poor performance. The underperformance strongly linked to its much steeper socioeconomic (SES) gradients health. Although highest SES quartile has better Rica, US lowest markedly worse Rica's...
Significance This paper advances scientific understanding of social preference—a topic longstanding cross-disciplinary interest—by studying the preferences future physicians. In making treatment decisions, physicians make fundamental tradeoffs between their own (financial) self-interest, patient benefit, and stewardship resources. These affect health, adoption new medical technologies, equity efficiency our health care system. Understanding physicians’ decisions about these requires that are...
Purpose: Severe racial inequities in maternal and infant health the United States are caused by many forms of systemic racism. One manifestation racism that has received little attention is access to paid parental leave. The aim this article characterize racial/ethnic leave after birth a child. Methods: We analyzed data on women who were employed during pregnancy (n=908) from Bay Area Parental Leave Study Mothers, survey mothers gave San Francisco 2016-2017. examined differences government-...
This study aims to establish a sociodemographic and personality profile of Canadians who donate internationally, fills the gap in literature with regard individual-level determinants international giving, compares these those domestic donors. Women, volunteers, individuals non-Canadian origin, higher income, education, level religiosity, political awareness participation, frequency extended family participation were more likely contribute internationally. Higher education religiosity seem...
This article places socioeconomic gradients in health into a broader international and historical context. The data we present supports the conclusion that current within United States are neither inevitable nor immutable. literature reveals periods with substantially smaller gradients, identifies many examples of other countries whose different social policy choices appear to have led superior levels equity even fewer aggregate resources. also sheds light on potential importance various...
We examined employers' responses to San Francisco, California's 2007 Paid Sick Leave Ordinance.
Telomere length has generated substantial interest as a potential predictor of aging-related diseases and mortality. Some studies have reported significant associations, but few tested its ability to discriminate between decedents survivors compared with broad range well-established predictors that include both biomarkers commonly collected self-reported data. Our aim here was quantify the prognostic value leukocyte telomere relative age, sex, 19 other variables for predicting five-year...
Objectives. To examine racial and ethnic inequities in paid family medical leave (PFML) access the extent to which these are mediated by employment characteristics. Methods. We used data from 2011 2017-2018 American Time Use Survey United States describe race/ethnicity. present unadjusted models, models stratified policy-targetable characteristics, adjusted regression models. Results. found that 54.4% of non-Hispanic White workers reported PFML but was significantly lower among Asian, Black,...