The purpose of this study was to elucidate the influence inspiratory muscle fatigue on sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and blood pressure (BP) response during submaximal exercise. We hypothesized that would elicit increases in vasoconstrictor outflow BP dynamic leg subjects carried out four exercise tests: two were maximal (PI(max)) tests MSNA tests. In PI(max) tests, performed 10-min exercises at 40% peak oxygen uptake using a cycle ergometer semirecumbent position [spontaneous breathing...

It was demonstrated that acute hypoxia increased muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) by using a microneurographic method at rest, but its effects on dynamic leg exercise are unclear. The purpose of this study to clarify changes in MSNA during hypoxia. To estimate peak oxygen uptake (Vo(2 peak)), two maximal tests were conducted cycle ergometer semirecumbent position normoxia [inspired fraction (Fi(O(2)) = 0.209] and 0.127). subjects performed four submaximal tests; trials hypoxia,...

Cyclic intermittent hypoxia (IH) increases cerebral blood velocity. This enhanced velocity augments the commensurate shear stimulus and may subsequently increase cerebrovascular endothelial function. study aimed to examine effects of cyclic IH on hypercapnia-induced shear-mediated dilation internal carotid artery (ICA), a potential index Shear-mediated was measured in nine adults (22 ± 4 yr) before as well after 50 min [5 cycles, normoxia, followed by 6 (target 80% [Formula: see text]) per...

Abstract The present study aims to examine the effect of 4 h continuous sitting on cerebral endothelial function, which is a crucial component blood flow regulation. We hypothesized that may impair function similarly how it affects lower limb vasculature. Thirteen young, healthy participants were instructed remain seated for without moving their limbs. and shear rate (SR) in popliteal internal carotid artery (ICA) measured using duplex Doppler ultrasound. During 4‐h sitting, peripheral...

The purpose of the present study was to elucidate impact age on muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) during dynamic leg exercise in females. Nine older females (71±2 years, mean±SD) and ten younger (21±2 years) completed study. participants performed two 4 min cycling at 10% their heart rate reserve using a cycle ergometer semirecumbent position [MSNA estimated central venous pressure (eCVP) trials]. MSNA recorded via microneurography left radial nerve. CVP based peripheral pressure,...

This study aimed to elucidate the effects of change in estrogen during menstrual cycle and menopause on shear-mediated dilation internal carotid artery (ICA), a potential index cerebrovascular endothelial function. Shear-mediated ICA serum estradiol were measured 11 premenopausal (Pre-M, 21 ± 1 yr), 13 perimenopausal (Peri-M, 49 2 10 postmenopausal (Post-M, 65 7 yr) women. Measurements made twice within Pre-M group at their early follicular (EF, lower estradiol) late (LF, higher phases. was...

Modulation of vascular function follows an exercise intensity-dependent pattern in young adults. This study aimed to investigate the potential effects acute bout on conduit and resistance artery healthy older adults.Eleven adults (five males/six females, 66 ± 1 yr) completed 30 min recumbent cycling at 50%-55% (low intensity) 75%-80% (high their age-predicted HRmax two separate visits. Doppler ultrasound measures brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) reactive hyperemia were taken baseline,...

In the present study, we hypothesized that habitual cigarette smoking attenuates endothelial function in cerebral circulation as well of peripheral young adults. To test this hypothesis, measured cerebrovascular and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) smokers nonsmokers study. Ten healthy 10 participated We blood velocity diameter brachial artery internal carotid (ICA) using Doppler ultrasound. identified shear-mediated ICA by percentage change peak during hyperemia stimulation (reactive...

The purpose of the present study was to clarify influence inspiratory resistive breathing during exercise under hypoxic conditions on muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and blood pressure (BP). Six healthy males completed this study. subjects performed a submaximal test using cycle ergometer in semirecumbent position normoxic [inspired oxygen fraction (FiO2) = 0.21] (FiO2 0.12-0.13) conditions. carried out two 10-min exercises at 40% peak uptake [spontaneous for 5 min voluntary with...

Shear-mediated dilation in peripheral conduit arteries is blunted with sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation; however, the effect of SNS activation on shear-mediated carotid unknown. We hypothesized that reduces common and internal (CCA ICA, respectively), this attenuation greater ICA compared CCA. CCA were measured nine healthy men (24 ± 1 yr) without activation. was induced by 3 min hypercapnia (end‐tidal partial pressure carbon dioxide +10 mmHg from individual baseline); activity...

This study aimed to elucidate the effect of aging on shear-mediated dilation common and internal carotid arteries (CCA ICA, respectively). Hypercapnia-induced in CCA ICA were assessed 10 young (5 women 5 men, 23 ± 1 yr) older (6 women/4 68 healthy adults. Shear-mediated was induced by two levels hypercapnia (target end-tidal Pco 2 , +5 +10 mmHg from individual baseline values) calculated as percent rise peak diameter diameter. There no differences between adults either artery under lower...

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exhibit diminished exercise capacity likely attributable to reduced skeletal muscle blood flow (i.e., hyperemia). A potential underlying mechanism of the impaired hyperemic response could be inadequate blunting sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction poor functional sympatholysis). Therefore, we studied and vasodilatory responses handgrip in patients T2DM as well selective α-agonist infusion. Forearm (FBF) vascular conductance (FVC) were examined...

Interval exercise has been determined to be more effective than continuous for achieving improvement in the cardiovascular function of individuals suffering from disease. However, whether interval improves cerebrovascular remains unclear. As per our hypothesis, induces a higher shear rate (SR) exercise. In this study, 11 adult men randomly performed 12 min or work-equivalent (57.6 kJ/exercise session) semi-recumbent cycling. The SR internal carotid artery (ICA) represents an index SR, which...

Endothelial dysfunction is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity; however, this may be ameliorated by several therapies. For example, it has been reported that heat-induced increases in blood flow shear stress enhance endothelium-mediated vasodilator function. Under these backgrounds, we expect carbon dioxide (CO2)-rich water-induced increase skin improves vasodilation less heat stress. To test our hypothesis, measured flow-mediated dilation (FMD) before after...

ABSTRACT Purpose We hypothesized that respiratory muscle endurance training (RMET) in hypoxia induces greater improvements with attenuated metaboreflex and consequent whole-body performance. evaluated cardiovascular response during hyperpnoea running performance before after RMET normoxia hypoxia. Methods Twenty-one collegiate runners were assigned to control ( n = 7), normoxic hypoxic 7) groups. Before the 6 wk of RMET, incremental test constant exercise tests performed. The was performed...

DAO Diseases of Aquatic Organisms Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsSpecials 76:113-121 (2007) - doi:10.3354/dao076113 Base changes in fliC gene Edwardsiella tarda: possible effects on flagellation and motility Jun Okuda1,*, Fumiyasu Murayama1, Eisuke Yamanoi1, Emi Iwamoto1, Satoru Matsuoka2, Mitsuaki Nishibuchi3, Toshihiro Nakai1 1Graduate School Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University,...

Habitual aerobic exercise attenuates elevated vasoconstriction during acute (functional sympatholysis) in older men; however, this effect remains unknown postmenopausal women (PMW). This study tested the hypothesis that PMW who participate habitual demonstrate a greater functional sympatholysis compared with their untrained counterparts. Nineteen (untrained n = 9 vs. trained 10) performed 5 min of steady-state (SS) forearm at relative [10% and 20% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC)]...

Summary The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effect acute aerobic exercise performed under hypoxic conditions on flow‐mediated dilation ( FMD ) in inactive limb. Seven males participated study. subjects two submaximal leg cycling a semirecumbent ergometer at same relative intensity (60% peak oxygen uptake) normoxia [inspired fraction FIO 2 = 0·21] and hypoxia 0·12–0·13) for 30 min. brachial artery diameter blood velocity during were measured via ultrasound, antegrade retrograde...

Purpose The purpose of the present study was to elucidate changes in mean blood flow and oscillatory patterns inactive limb during leg cycle exercise hypoxia. We hypothesized that antegrade retrograde flows nonworking would increase incremental under hypoxic condition. Methods Eight males participated this study. Two maximal tests were conducted on a semirecumbent ergometer while subjects inhaled normoxic (inspired oxygen fraction [FIO2] = 0.21) or gas mixture (FIO2 0.12). began at an...