Recent electrocorticography data have demonstrated excessive coupling of beta-phase to gamma-amplitude in primary motor cortex and that deep brain stimulation facilitates improvement by decreasing baseline phase-amplitude coupling. However, both the dynamic modulation during movement general cortical neurophysiology other disorders, such as essential tremor, are relatively unexplored. To clarify relationship these interactions oscillatory activity disease state, we recorded local field...

Coupled oscillatory activity recorded between sensorimotor regions of the basal ganglia-thalamocortical loop is thought to reflect information transfer relevant movement. A neuronal firing-rate model circuitry, however, has dominated thinking about ganglia function for past three decades, without knowledge relationship single neuron firing and cortical population during movement itself. We from 34 subthalamic nucleus (STN) neurons, simultaneously with local field potentials motor output, in...

Abstract Objective Neuropsychological profiles are heterogeneous both across and within epilepsy syndromes, but especially in frontal lobe (FLE), which has complex semiology epileptogenicity. This study aimed to characterize the cognitive heterogeneity FLE by identifying phenotypes determining their demographic clinical characteristics. Method One hundred six patients (age 16–66; 44% female) with completed comprehensive neuropsychological testing, including measures five domains: language,...

This study was undertaken to better understand the long-term palliative and disease-modifying effects of surgical resection beyond seizure freedom, including frequency reduction both late recurrence remission, in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy.This retrospective database-driven cohort included all >9 years follow-up at a single high-volume epilepsy center. We who underwent lobectomy, multilobar resection, or lesionectomies for epilepsy; we excluded hemispherectomies. Our main outcomes...

The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is proposed to participate in pausing, or alternately, dynamic scaling of behavioral responses, roles that have conflicting implications for understanding STN function the context deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapy. To examine nature event-related activity and subthalamic-cortical dynamics, we performed primary motor somatosensory electrocorticography while subjects (n = 10) a grip force task during DBS implantation surgery. Phase-locking analyses demonstrated...

Individuals with pharmacoresistant epilepsy remain a large and under-treated patient population. Continued technologic advancements in implantable neurostimulators have spurred considerable research efforts directed towards the development of novel antiepileptic stimulation therapies. However, lack adequate preclinical experimental platforms has precluded detailed understanding differential effects parameters on neuronal activity within seizure networks. In order to chronically monitor...

High-frequency oscillations (HFOs) have been proposed as a novel marker for epileptogenic tissue, spurring tremendous research interest into the characterization of these transient events. A wealth continuously recorded intracranial electroencephalographic (iEEG) data is currently available from patients undergoing invasive monitoring surgical treatment epilepsy. In contrast to on research-customized recording systems, clinical acquisition systems remain an underutilized resource HFO...

Abstract Objective To assess and validate the performance of a new tool developed for segmenting characterizing lacunas in postoperative MR images epilepsy patients. Methods A MATLAB‐based pipeline was implemented using SPM12 to produce 3D mask surgical lacuna estimate its volume. performance, we compared manual automatic segmentations obtained from 51 MRI scans patients who underwent temporal lobe resections. Results The code is consolidated as named ResectVol , which can be run via...

BACKGROUND: Rasmussen encephalitis (RE) is a rare inflammatory disease affecting one hemisphere, causing progressive neurological deficits and intractable seizures. OBJECTIVE: To report long-term seizure outcomes, reoperations, functional outcomes in patients with RE who underwent hemispherectomy at our institution. METHODS: Retrospective review was performed for all had surgery between 1998 2020. We collected history, postoperative data. Imaging independently reviewed blinded fashion by 2...

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for intracranial pathology minimizes surgical morbidity but can come at the cost of operator ergonomics and technical success. Here, authors present a case series to report first use novel 15-mm tubular retraction system with integrated lighting visualization capabilities MIS access lesions.To demonstrate feasibility effectiveness Aurora Surgiscope (Integra Lifesciences) approaches.The facilitated approach gain intraparenchymal pathologies. The device...

INTRODUCTION: Several non-invasive technologies have attempted to utilize surrogate markers of cerebral hemodynamics infer intracranial pressure (ICP). Successful clinical application these methods been limited by hesitancy rely upon data and inferences about ICP, in lieu directly measured ICP. One newer method utilizes a mechanical extensometer detect subtle, dynamic skull deformations can yield ICP waveform. This has validated provide important information dynamics, including on the...

One consideration in pediatric stereoencephalography (SEEG) is decreased skull thicknesses compared with adults, which may limit traditional bolt-based anchoring of electrodes. The authors aimed to investigate the safety profile, complication rates, and technical adaptations placing SEEG electrodes patients.The retrospectively reviewed all patients aged 12 years or younger at time implantation their institution. Postimplantation CT scans were used measure thickness entry point each lead....

Abstract The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is proposed to participate in pausing, or alternately, dynamic scaling of behavioral responses, roles that have conflicting implications for understanding STN function the context deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapy. To examine nature event-related activity and subthalamic-cortical dynamics, we performed primary motor somatosensory electrocorticography while subjects (n=10) a grip force task during DBS implantation surgery. results provide first...

Hemispherectomy is an effective procedure used in the treatment of drug-resistant hemispheric epilepsy, especially pediatric population. A number resective and disconnective techniques are used, selection surgical strategy paramount to achieving successful results. Notably, (or functional) hemispherotomy maximizes benefits safe, disconnection while minimizing tissue resection, thereby avoiding some perioperative factors contributing morbidity traditional anatomical hemispherectomy...

Hydrocephalus is a known complication following surgical resection of cerebral hemisphere for refractory epilepsy, yet the pathological mechanism remains poorly understood. We present case aseptic inflammatory hydrocephalus hemispherectomy surgery epilepsy treated with combination spinal fluid (CSF) diversion and immunosuppression via IL-1 receptor agonist, Anakinra. At 6 month follow up, patient had returned to neurologic baseline, improvement in school physical therapy performance. Further...

Movement related synchronization of high frequency activity (HFA, 76-100 Hz) is a somatotopic process with spectral power changes occurring during movement in the sensorimotor cortex (Miller et al., 2007) [1]. These features allowed movement-related HFA to be used functionally validate estimations subdural electrode locations, which may placed temporarily for research deep brain stimulation surgery, using novel tool described Randazzo al. (2015) [2]. We recorded electrocorticography (ECoG)...

The primary aim of this study is report long-term outcomes associate with deep brain stimulation (DBS) the ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) performed at our institution. We further aimed to elicit factors associated loss efficacy, and discuss need for exploring establishing reliable rescue targets. To outcomes, we a retrospective chart review extracted tremor scores forty-three patients who underwent VIM DBS lead implantation ET center. evaluated that could influence over time, including...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established neurosurgical treatment of a variety neurological disorders. DBS considered safe and effective procedure; however, surgical complications are inevitable, clinical outcomes may vary. The aim this study was to describe at large center in the United States investigate relationship between patients' baseline characteristics, technique, operative complications. METHODS: We identified all patients who underwent lead...

INTRODUCTION: Beta oscillations play an important role in gating movement. Because pathological oscillatory changes the beta band represent a hallmark of Parkinson disease (PD), tracking this has been proposed as marker for closed-loop stimulation. However, dynamics casual influences across motor circuit during movement remain unknown. Using intracranial local field potential (LFP) recordings, we used both standard functional connectivity and event-related causality (ERC) techniques to...