The Ti–Ni–Nb shape memory alloys are attracting recent attention for the wide transformation temperature hysteresis, which is caused by As increase due to pre-deformation, since it suitable pipe couplings. To find out origin similar investigation was made tensile tests, electrical resistance measurements, optical microscopy and transmission electron (TEM), a Cu-13.8%Al-4.0%Ni (mass%) single crystal, Ti-50%Ni Ti-50.5%Ni (at%) polycrystals, exhibit thermoelastic martensitic transformation. of...

Prolonged life expectancy, style and environmental changes have caused a changing disease pattern in developed countries towards an increase of degenerative autoimmune diseases. Stem cells become promising tool for their treatment by promoting tissue repair protection from immune-attack associated damage. Patient-derived autologous stem present safe option this since these will not induce immune rejection thus multiple treatments are possible without any risk allogenic sensitization, which...

The microstructure and the Ms temperature were systematically investigated for three types of Ti–Ni–Nb shape memory alloys, Ti50−x⁄2Ni50−x⁄2Nbx, Ti50Ni50−xNbx Ti50−xNi50Nbx covering a wide composition range, by utilizing optical microscopy, SEM, EPMA, X-ray diffraction DSC. Consequently, following results obtained. Addition Nb promotes phase separation. In Ti50−x⁄2Ni50−x⁄2Nbx changes with increasing addition in way: B2 → primary phase+eutectic eutectic bcc phase+eutectic. A pseudo-binary...

A facultative bacterium producing cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes was isolated from the rumen of a native Korean goat. The identified as Bacillus licheniformis on basis biochemical morphological characteristics 16S rDNA sequences, has been designated JK7. Endoglucanase activities were higher than those β-glucosidase xylanase at all temperatures. Xylanase had lowest activity among three examined. optimum temperature for JK7 70°C endoglucanase (0.75 U/ml) 50°C (0.63 U/ml, 0.44...

The mechanical behavior and the effect of deformation on martensitic transformation Ti44Ni47Nb9 alloy were investigated in detail by tensile tests electrical resistance measurements. at various temperatures, annealing temperature after cold work aging studied. As a whole, was found to be very similar that Ti–Ni binary alloys with low Ni content which shows no effect. Superelasticity for first time present alloy. rise due confirmed. However, vanished subsequent reverse transformation, as...

This study was performed to compare carcass traits, sensory characteristics, physiochemical composition, and contents of nucleotides, collagen, free amino acids among quality grades (QG) understand the association between QG above parameters in loin rump Korean cattle steer. Loin samples were obtained from 48 steers with each four (QG 1++, 1+, 1, 2; average 32 months age). Carcass weight marbling score (MS) highest whereas texture measured by a meat grader 2. A correlation analysis revealed...

This study was performed to compare fat content, reducing sugar contents, sensory traits, and fatty acid (FA) volatile compound profiles in longissimus thoracis (LT) among Korean cattle (KC), Holstein (HO), Angus (AN) steers.Twelve LT samples (about 500 g each) of KC with an average age 31±0.42 months, carcass weight 431±12.5 kg, a quality grade (QG) 1+ were obtained from the joint livestock products market. Twelve HO 24±0.54 402±7.81 QG 2 also same AN steers about 20 months choice purchased...

Exposure to cold may affect growth performance in accordance with the metabolic and immunological activities of animals. We evaluated whether ambient temperature affects performance, blood metabolites, immune cell populations Korean cattle. Eighteen cattle steers a mean age 10 months weight 277 kg were used. All fed growing stage-concentrate diet at rate 1.5% body Timothy hay ad libitum for 8 weeks. Experimental period 1 (P1) was four weeks from March 7 April 3 2 (P2) 4 May 1. Mean (8.7°C)...

This study aimed to determine the appropriate supplementation level of lactic acid bacteria (LAB; Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus clausii), yeast (Saccharomyces cariocanus Wickerhamomyces anomalus) for degrading free gossypol glucosinolate in fermented total mixed ration (TMR) containing cottonseed meal (CSM) or rapeseed (RSM), improve utilization efficiency these protein sources.For LAB, L. B. clausii was inoculated at 1.0×108, 1.0×109, 1.0×1010, 1.0×1011 colony-forming unit (CFU)/kg...

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of coconut oil and palm in milk replacer (MR) on growth performance, blood lipids, rumen fermentation, microbiota, fatty acid profile hepatic muscle suckling calves. Thirty-six Holstein male calves were randomly assigned three treatments. Three replacers containing different fat sources as follows: control group (CON, fat), (CCO, powder (PLO, fat). Calves weighed sampled at 14, 28, 42, 56 days old, respectively, feed intake fecal score recorded daily....

Three Holstein steers in the growing phase, each with a ruminal cannula, were used to test hypothesis that synchronization of hourly rate carbohydrate and nitrogen (N) released rumen would increase amount retained for growth thus improve efficiency microbial protein synthesis (EMPS). In Experiment 1, situ degradability coefficients N feeds including Korean rice wine residue (RWR) determined. 2, three total mixed ration (TMR) diets having different rates release formulated using feeds. All...

Cottonseed meal (CSM) and rapeseed (RSM) are protein sources in livestock feed. However, the applications of both ingredients limited diets due to existence anti-nutritional factors such as free gossypol glucosinolate. The aim this study was determine optimal fermentation conditions for reducing increasing nutritional value fermented total mixed rations containing cottonseed or meal. An orthogonal design L9 (34) performed optimize conditions, including time, temperature, moisture content...

Epigenetic factors, such as DNA methylation status, may regulate adipogenesis and lipogenesis, thus affecting intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition in longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) of beef cattle. In Korean cattle steers, the LM consists mainly tissue. However, tissue also contains IMF. We compared gene expression levels between IMF portions after separation. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that mRNA both adipogenic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma isoform 1...

Climate temperature affects animal production. This study was conducted to evaluate whether climatic conditions affect beef carcass characteristics of Korean cattle steers. The monthly steers (n = 2,182,415) for 8 yr (2006 through 2013) were collected from the Institute Animal Products Quality Evaluation. Daily climate (CT) and relative humidity (RH) data Meteorological Administration. Weather in South Korea during summer hot humid, with a maximum 28.4°C RH 91.4%. temperature-humidity index...

This study was performed to evaluate whether hot temperature and rumen-protected fat (RPF) supplementation affect growth performance, rumen characteristics, serum metabolites in growing stage of Korean cattle steers. Twenty steers (230.4±4.09 kg body weight [BW], 10.7±0.09 months age) were divided into a conventional control diet group (n = 10) 0.8% RPF 10). Steers fed 1.5% BW concentrate 4 tall fescue hay for 16 weeks (July 10 August 6 [P1], 7 September 3 [P2], October 1 [P3], 2 30 [P4],...

Castration induces the accumulation of body fat and deposition intramuscular in Korean cattle, resulting improved beef quality. However, little is known about metabolic adaptations liver following castration. To understand changes lipid metabolism castration, hepatic expression levels genes were compared between bulls steers. Steers had higher (p<0.001) lipids contents (p<0.01) mRNA lipogenic acetyl-CoA carboxylase. This differential gene may, part, contribute to increased content castration...

Objective This study was performed to evaluate whether cold ambient temperature and dietary rumen-protected fat (RPF) supplementation affect growth performance, rumen fermentation, blood parameters in Korean cattle steers. Methods Twenty steers (body weight [BW], 550.6±9.14 kg; age, 19.7±0.13 months) were divided into a conventional control diet group (n = 10) 0.5% RPF 10). Steers fed concentrate (1.6% BW) rice straw (1 kg/d) for 16 weeks (January 9 February 5 [P1], 6 March [P2], April 3...