Most studies of visual development have concentrated on infants. Only a few extended this to children and determined the point at which function becomes truly adult-like. Yet from clinical research perspective it is important know this. This review paper discussion acuity contrast sensitivity into childhood. The literature subjective (measured with preferential looking or psychophysical methods) objective (visually-evoked potential) measures was examined particular emphasis over age 5 years...

Although there is an increasing need for primary low vision (LV) care, few studies have considered the success rates of optometric LV rehabilitation. We objective and perceived benefit obtained by 57 elderly patients.Tests reading speed questionnaires were administered in patient's home after initial follow-up visits to a clinic. Additional information was taken from clinic record.Benefits attending reported 89.5% patients 81% regularly using aids (LVA's). There discrepancy between ability...

This study developed a practical screening tool to identify reduced habitual vision (RHV) in hospital rehabilitation units. would enhance patient care by enabling timely interventions resource-limited settings. The aimed develop and implementable patients with RHV Potential measures, questions, demographic variables were considered determine the optimum combination. cross-sectional recruited 112 adult inpatients (aged 18+ years) from three units an acute Ontario, Canada, between October 2018...

Accommodation in children and non-verbal adults can be difficult to assess using standard subjective techniques hence is often not evaluated. By a modification of Nott dynamic retinoscopy, rapid objective evaluation accommodative function possible. In this study, response range demands was measured 55 normally sighted young retinoscopy. The data were found fall into four age groupings: 3-10-year-olds' mean accommodation accurate within 0.5 D, although 3-5-year-olds over-accommodated...

Reading performance and contrast sensitivity were measured in 30 subjects with low vision due to a variety of pathologies. The Pepper test was used quantify reading rate accuracy the subject's own prescribed optical aid. It found that both repeatable measures. rates he correlated at 0.5c/deg ( r = 0.62). Multiple regression analysis also showed best predictor 0.5c/dcg no other components function helped explain more variance. This indicates primarily spatial frequencies are necessary for...

Summary Accommodation in 43 subjects with cerebral palsy was measured objectively using a dynamic retinoscopy technique, which has already been shown to be reliable and repeatable. The subject's ages ranged from 3 35 years. Of these, 42% were found have an accommodative response pattern different the normal control group for his/her age. Nearly 29% had estimated amplitude of accommodation 4 D or less. presence reduced associated visual acuity, but not cognitive communication ability,...

An open low vision clinic has been in operation at University of Wales College Cardiff, Department Optometry for 5 years. This paper describes the demography and visual characteristics 218 consecutively presenting patients. A detailed survey aids prescribed is conducted. significant proportion patients required only simple (56.8%) magnification (71.6%). It suggested that these could be assisted an optometric practice. In addition, acuity, distance or near not a good indicator eventual...

The aim of this study was to determine if useful field view (UFV) measures help predict aspects orientation and mobility in people with visual impairment. UFV is a composite measure attention, ability detect objects the presence clutter basic functions such as loss contrast sensitivity.Thirty-five participants aged 20 80 years low vision due variety disorders took part. Mobility around partly indoor exterior real-life course measured, together clinical sensitivity (CS), fields, acuity. Two...

Purpose.: To determine the prevalence of binocular vision (BV) and eye movement disorders in a clinic population older adults. Methods.: Retrospective data were abstracted from files 500 patients seen at University Waterloo Optometry Clinic over 1-year period. Stratified sampling gave equal numbers 60 to 69, 70 79, 80+ age groups. Data included age, general ocular history symptoms, use antidepressants, habit smoking, refraction, visual acuity, BV status for most recent full oculo-visual...

Purpose. The Hiding Heidi (HH) test and the LEA low-contrast symbols are two commercially available charts of contrast sensitivity (CS) for children. However, there no published normal data indication how CS measured by these relates to other measures CS. In this study, age-related both tests reported, validity against Pelli-Robson (PR) chart is measured. Methods. Eighty-eight normally sighted children were divided into four age groups: 1 <2.5 years, 2.5 <4 4 <6 6 <8 years. An adult group...

The provision and funding of low-vision rehabilitation (LVR) are very variable across Canada. Quebec is well served by 14 government-funded centers. In most provinces, there no such multidisciplinary services-optometrists offer LVR from their offices to a greater or lesser degree undertake assessments in centers run CNIB (formerly Canadian National Institute for the Blind). No integrated model exists This document proposes model, which focuses on profession optometry, but may also be...

To determine if routine eye examinations in asymptomatic patients result spectacle prescription change, new critical diagnosis, or management of existing conditions. We also investigate whether age and time between assessments (assessment interval) impact detection rates.The Waterloo Eye Study (WatES) database was created from a retrospective file review 6397 seen at the University Optometry Clinic. Significant changes since previous assessment (significant change) were defined as change...