A5068897447- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Environmental Justice and Health Disparities
- Fire dynamics and safety research
- Recycling and Waste Management Techniques
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Organic Food and Agriculture
- Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
- Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Injury Epidemiology and Prevention
- Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts
- Public Policy and Administration Research
- Underground infrastructure and sustainability
- Soviet and Russian History
University of Iowa
2014-2024
Public Policy Institute of California
2017
Iowa Policy Project
2011-2015
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2007-2012
Universidad Andrés Bello
2012
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
2012
Georgia Institute of Technology
2009-2012
Abstract Problem: Explicitly prohibited from regulating the land use planning activities of municipal and county governments by Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 131), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has been forced to pursue an end-of-the-pipe approach air quality management that not proved successful in fully reducing ozone fine particulate matter below health-based standards many large cities. The persistence these pollutants, combination with a rapid rise vehicle travel recent decades,...
Automobile exhaust contains precursors to ozone and fine particulate matter (PM ≤ 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter; PM2.5), posing health risks. Dependency on car commuting also reduces physical fitness opportunities.In this study we sought quantify benefits from reducing automobile usage for short urban suburban trips.We simulated census-tract level changes hourly pollutant concentrations the elimination of round trips 8 km 11 metropolitan areas upper midwestern United States using Community...
In summer 2012, a landfill liner comprising an estimated 1.3 million shredded tires burned in Iowa City, Iowa. During the fire, continuous monitoring and laboratory measurements were used to characterize gaseous particulate emissions provide new insights into qualitative nature of smoke quantity pollutants emitted. Significant enrichments ambient concentrations CO, CO2, SO2, particle number (PN), fine (PM2.5) mass, elemental carbon (EC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) observed. For...
Abstract. This study assesses the ability of recent chemistry version (v3.3) Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF-Chem) model to simulate boundary layer structure, aerosols, stratocumulus clouds, energy fluxes over Southeast Pacific Ocean. Measurements from VAMOS Ocean-Cloud-Atmosphere-Land Study Regional Experiment (VOCALS-REx) satellite retrievals (i.e., products MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), Clouds Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES), GOES-10) are used for this...
Abstract. We evaluate a regional-scale simulation with the WRF-Chem model for VAMOS (Variability of American Monsoon Systems) Ocean-Cloud-Atmosphere-Land Study Regional Experiment (VOCALS-REx), which sampled Southeast Pacific's persistent stratocumulus deck. Evaluation VOCALS-REx ship-based and three aircraft observations focuses on analyzing how aerosol loading affects marine boundary layer (MBL) dynamics cloud microphysics. compare local time series campaign-averaged longitudinal...
Abstract Tornadoes in the Southeast and central U.S. are episodically accompanied by smoke from biomass burning America. Analysis of 27 April 2011 historical tornado outbreak shows that adding to an environment already conducive severe thunderstorm development can increase likelihood significant occurrence. Numerical experiments indicate presence during this event leads optical thickening shallow clouds while soot within enhances capping inversion through radiation absorption. The effects...
Here we present and evaluate a method to determine PUF-PAS sampling rates (<italic>R</italic><sub>S</sub>), the effective volume (<italic>V</italic><sub>eff</sub>), for gas-phase chemical compounds deployed anywhere in world.
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has recently gained attention worldwide as being responsible for severe respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, but point based ground monitoring stations are inadequate understanding the spatial distribution of PM2.5 over complex urban surfaces. In this study, a new approach is introduced prediction which uses satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD) binning meteorological variables. AOD from MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Collection 6...
Xenobiotic chemical emissions from the informal electronic waste recycling (EW) sector are emerging problem for developing countries, with scale and impacts that yet to be evaluated. We report an intensive polyurethane foam disk passive air sampling study in four megacities India investigate atmospheric organic pollutants along five transects viz., EW, information technology (IT), industrial, residential, dumpsites. Intraurban emission sources were estimated attributed by trajectory modeling...
Projections from general circulation model (GCM) simulations must be downscaled to the high spatial resolution needed for assessing local and regional impacts of climate change, but uncertainties in downscaling process are difficult quantify. We employed a multiple linear regression MM5 dynamical downscale June, July, August monthly mean surface temperature over eastern North America under greenhouse gas‐driven change simulation by NASA GISS GCM. Here we examine potential sources apparent...
The Iowa City Landfill in eastern Iowa, United States, experienced a fire lasting 18 days 2012, which drainage layer of over 1 million shredded tires burned, generating smoke that impacted the surrounding metropolitan area 130,000 people. This emergency required air monitoring, risk assessment, dispersion modeling, and public notification. paper quantifies impact on local quality proposes monitoring approach an Air Quality Index (AQI) for use future tire fires other urban fires. Individual...
In Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Collection (C6) aerosol products, the Dark Target (DT) and Deep Blue (DB) algorithms provide optical depth (AOD) observations at 3 km (DT3K) 10 (DT10K), resolution (DB10K), respectively. this study, DB10K is resampled to grid (DB3K) using nearest neighbor interpolation technique merged with DT3K generate a new DT DB product (DTB3K) on Simplified Merge Scheme (SMS). The goal supplement high-resolution information over dense vegetation...
To illustrate the concept of work-life balance and those factors that influence it to provide recommendations facilitate in athletic training practice settings. present trainer with information regarding balance, including negatively positively affect within profession.Concerns for have been growing health care sector, especially training, as is continuously linked professional commitment, burnout, job satisfaction, career longevity. The term reflects practices used successful fulfillment...
Abstract Episodic wintertime particle pollution by ammonium nitrate is an important air quality concern across the Midwest U.S. Understanding and accurately forecasting PM 2.5 episodes are complicated multiple pathways for aerosol formation, each with uncertain rate parameters. Here, Community Multiscale Air Quality model (CMAQ) simulated regional atmospheric budgets during 2009 LADCO Winter Nitrate Study, using integrated process (IPR) reaction (IRR) tools to quantify relevant processes....
Abstract. Multi-scale tracer and full-chemistry simulations with the STEM atmospheric chemistry model are used to analyze effects of transported background ozone (O3) from eastern Pacific on California air quality during ARCTAS-CARB experiment conducted in June, 2008. Previous work has focused importance long-range transport O3 North America springtime. However this summer is also shown be important. Simulated observed patterns coast inland northern vary based meteorological conditions...
Abstract. The southeast Pacific Ocean is covered by the world's largest stratocumulus cloud layer, which has a strong impact on ocean temperatures and climate in region. effect of anthropogenic sources aerosol particles deck was investigated during VOCALS field experiment. Aerosol measurements below above were made with ultra-high sensitivity spectrometer analytical electron microscopy. In addition to more standard in-cloud measurements, droplets collected evaporated using counterflow...
Abstract. A diverse collection of models are used to simulate the marine boundary layer in southeast Pacific region during period October–November 2008 VOCALS REx (VAMOS Ocean Cloud Atmosphere Land Study Regional Experiment) field campaign. continuously boundary-forced free-running mode, while global forecast and GCMs (general circulation models) run mode. The compared extensive observations along a line at 20° S extending westward from South American coast. Most cloud aerosol...
Urban areas are important regional sources of airborne polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and population-scale exposure, yet a comprehensive bottom-up source inventory PCB emissions has never been quantified at urban scales in the United States. Here we report parcel level stocks for Chicago, Illinois, developed with transferable method from publicly available data. Chicago's legacy hold 276 ± 147 tonnes ∑PCBs, 0.2 added annually. Transformers building sealants represent largest categories 250...
This study uses statistical downscaling to estimate the impact of future climate change on air quality. We employ historical observations surface ozone (O 3 ) over Chicago area, large‐scale variables from National Center for Environmental Protection (NCEP) reanalysis data, and projections three GCMs (GFDL, PCM, HadCM3), driven by two SRES emission scenarios (A1FI B1 GFDL PCM; A2 HadCM3). approach calculates historic relationships between meteorology O , considers how would affect...
The Community Multiscale Air Quality model (CMAQ) is used to simulate aerosol mass and composition in the Great Lakes region of North America an annual study for 2002. Model predictions are evaluated against daily weekly average speciated fine particle (PM 2.5 ) bulk PM 10 concentration measurements taken throughout by Interagency Monitoring Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE), Speciation Trends Network (STN), Clean Status (CASTNet) monitoring networks, number using hourly observations...
Abstract. An overview of the LADCO (Lake Michigan Air Directors Consortium) Winter Nitrate Study (WNS) is presented. Sampling was conducted at ground level an urban-rural pair sites during January–March 2009 in eastern Wisconsin, toward western edge US Great Lakes region. Areas surrounding these experience multiday episodes wintertime PM2.5 pollution characterized by high fractions ammonium nitrate PM, low wind speeds, and air mass stagnation. Hourly surface monitoring inorganic gases...