A5057113419- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Winter Sports Injuries and Performance
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Climate change and permafrost
- Landslides and related hazards
- Climate variability and models
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Icing and De-icing Technologies
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Aerospace Engineering and Energy Systems
- Adventure Sports and Sensation Seeking
- Underwater Acoustics Research
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- High Altitude and Hypoxia
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Marine animal studies overview
- Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing
- Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
- RFID technology advancements
Northumbria University
2020-2025
British Antarctic Survey
2013-2022
Natural Environment Research Council
2013-2022
Australian Antarctic Division
2022
University of Cambridge
2022
The University of Melbourne
2022
Bangor University
2022
ORCID
2021
Utrecht University
2019
Eindhoven University of Technology
2019
Abstract. We present Bedmap2, a new suite of gridded products describing surface elevation, ice-thickness and the seafloor subglacial bed elevation Antarctic south 60° S. derived these using data from variety sources, including many substantial surveys completed since original Bedmap compilation (Bedmap1) in 2001. In particular, Bedmap2 ice thickness grid is made 25 million measurements, over two orders magnitude more than were used Bedmap1. most parts Antarctica landscape visible much...
Models of ocean circulation beneath ice shelves are driven primarily by the heat and freshwater fluxes that associated with phase changes at ice–ocean boundary. Their behavior is therefore closely linked to mathematical description interaction between included in code. An hierarchy formulations could be used describe this presented. The main difference them treatment turbulent transfer within oceanic boundary layer. computed response various levels thermal driving agitation mixed layer...
Pine Island Glacier has thinned and accelerated over recent decades, significantly contributing to global sea-level rise. Increased oceanic melting of its ice shelf is thought have triggered those changes. Observations numerical modeling reveal large fluctuations in the ocean heat available adjacent bay enhanced sensitivity ice-shelf water temperatures at intermediate depth, as a seabed ridge blocks deepest warmest waters from reaching thickest ice. Oceanic decreased by 50% between January...
ABSTRACT We present an update of the ‘key points’ from Antarctic Climate Change and Environment (ACCE) report that was published by Scientific Committee on Research (SCAR) in 2009. summarise subsequent advances knowledge concerning how climates Southern Ocean have changed past, they might change future, examine associated impacts marine terrestrial biota. also incorporate relevant material presented SCAR to Treaty Consultative Meetings, make use emerging results will form part...
Abstract Subglacial meltwater draining along the bed of fast-flowing, marine-terminating glaciers emerges at grounding line, where ice either goes afloat to form an shelf or terminates in a calving face. The input freshwater ocean provides source buoyancy and drives convective motion alongside ice–ocean interface. This process is modeled using theory buoyant plumes that has previously been applied study larger-scale circulation beneath shelves. plume grows through entrainment waters, heat...
Results are presented from an isopycnic coordinate model of ocean circulation in the Amundsen Sea, focusing on delivery Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) to inner continental shelf around Pine Island Bay. The warmest waters reach this region channeled through a submarine trough, accessed via bathymetric irregularities along break. Temporal variability influx CDW is related regional wind forcing. Easterly winds over edge change westerlies when Sea Low migrates west and south winter/spring. This...
Abstract We calculate the present ice budget for Antarctica from measurements of accumulation minus iceberg calving, run-off and in situ melting beneath floating shelves. The resulting negative mass balance 469 Gt year −1 differs substantially other recent estimates but some components are subject to high temporal variability uncertainties 20–50%. Annual an earlier review is adjusted include Antarctic Peninsula a total 2144 . An production rate 2016 obtained volume large icebergs calculated...
The first oceanographic measurements across a deep channel beneath the calving front of Pine Island Glacier reveal sub‐ice circulation driven by basal melting 10–12 m yr −1 . A salt box model described here gives melt rate similar to that ice balance and numerical models, 5–50 times higher than averages for George VI Ross Ice Shelves. Melting is fueled relatively warm Circumpolar Deep Water floods floor Amundsen Bellingshausen Sea continental shelves, reaching draft this floating glacier....
Abstract A three-dimensional ocean general circulation model is used to study the response of idealized ice shelves a series ocean-warming scenarios. The predicts that total shelf basal melt increases quadratically as offshore front warms. This occurs because rate proportional product flow speed and temperature in mixed layer directly beneath shelf, both which are found increase linearly with warming. behavior this complex primitive equation can be described surprisingly well recourse an...
Abstract Outlet glaciers draining the Antarctic ice sheet into Amundsen Sea Embayment (ASE) have accelerated in recent decades, most likely as a result of increased melting their ice-shelf termini by warm Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW). An ocean model forced with climate reanalysis data shows that, beginning early 1990s, an increase westerly wind stress near continental shelf edge drove CDW inflow onto shelf. The change local occurred predominantly fall and winter, associated anomalous high...
Mass loss from the Antarctic Ice Sheet is driven by changes at marine margins. In Amundsen Sea, thinning of ice shelves has allowed outlet glaciers to accelerate and thin, resulting in inland migration their grounding lines. The ultimate driver often assumed be ocean warming, but recent record temperature dominated decadal variability rather than a trend. distribution water masses on Sea continental shelf particularly sensitive atmospheric forcing, while regional circulation highly variable,...
Abstract. Oceanic melting beneath ice shelves is the main driver of current mass loss Antarctic sheet and mostly parameterised in stand-alone ice-sheet modelling. Parameterisations are crude representations reality, their response to ocean warming has not been compared 3-D ocean–ice-sheet coupled models. Here, we assess various parameterisations ranging from simple scalings with far-field thermal driving emulators box plume models, using a new coupling framework combining model NEMO...
Abstract A potentially irreversible threshold in Antarctic ice shelf melting would be crossed if the ocean cavity beneath large Filchner–Ronne Ice Shelf were to become flooded with warm water from deep ocean. Previous studies have identified this possibility, but there is great uncertainty as how easily it could occur. Here, we show, using a coupled sheet-ocean model forced by climate change scenarios, that any increase likely preceded an extended period of reduced melting. Climate weakens...
Abstract Rapid ice loss is occurring in the Amundsen Sea sector of West Antarctic Ice Sheet. This assumed to be a long‐term response oceanographic forcing, but ocean conditions are unknown prior 1994. Here we present modeling study from 1920 2013, using an ensemble ice‐ocean simulations forced by climate model experiments. We find that during early twentieth century, likely experienced more sustained cool periods than at present. Warm become dominant over (mean trend 0.33°C/century) causing...
Abstract. The Antarctic Ice Sheet will play a crucial role in the evolution of global mean sea level as climate warms. An interactively coupled and ice sheet model is needed to understand impacts ice–climate feedbacks during this evolution. Here we use two-way coupling between UK Earth System Model BISICLES (Berkeley Initiative for Climate at Extreme Scales) dynamic investigate interactions under two change scenarios. We perform ensembles SSP1–1.9 SSP5–8.5 (Shared Socioeconomic Pathway)...
Sea level rise (SLR) is a long-lasting consequence of climate change because global anthropogenic warming takes centuries to millennia equilibrate for the deep ocean and ice sheets. SLR projections based on models support policy analysis, risk assessment adaptation planning today, despite their large uncertainties. The central range distribution estimated by process-based models. However, risk-averse practitioners often require information about plausible future conditions that lie in tails...
Abstract We present Bedmap3, the latest suite of gridded products describing surface elevation, ice-thickness and seafloor subglacial bed elevation Antarctic south 60 °S. Bedmap3 incorporates adds to all post-1950s datasets previously used for Bedmap2, including 84 new aero-geophysical surveys by 15 data providers, an additional 52 million points 1.9 line-kilometres measurement. These efforts have filled notable gaps in major mountain ranges deep interior East Antarctica, along West...
Large‐scale oceanic circulation beneath Antarctic ice shelves is driven by the thenmohaline differences which result from mass and energy exchange at ice‐ocean interface. Dense, saline waters are drawn underneath emerge, cooled diluted, as plumes of Ice Shelf Water. A simple, one‐dimensional model this process has been developed, in Water plume treated a turbulent gravity current, initiated inland margin flow fresh meltwater emerging grounded ice. Subsequent evolution plume, it ascends along...