A5078819113- Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
- Head and Neck Anomalies
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- BRCA gene mutations in cancer
- Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Advances
- Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- interferon and immune responses
- Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis
- Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
- Breast Cancer Treatment Studies
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment
- Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Radiation Dose and Imaging
- Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
- Breast Implant and Reconstruction
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Adrenal and Paraganglionic Tumors
University of Southern California
2013-2025
Keck Hospital of USC
2012-2025
Southern California University for Professional Studies
2013-2024
Diabetes Australia
2017-2023
University of California, Los Angeles
2022
LAC+USC Medical Center
2020
University of Chicago
2020
Brigham and Women's Hospital
2014-2019
Harvard University
2014-2019
Broad Institute
2017
Immune profiling has been widely used to probe mechanisms of immune escape in cancer and identify novel targets for therapy. Two emerging uses signatures are likely responders immunotherapy regimens among individuals with understand the variable responses seen subjects trials. Here, profiles 6 murine solid tumor models (CT26, 4T1, MAD109, RENCA, LLC, B16) were correlated regression survival response 2 regimens. Comprehensive each model generated using quantitative reverse transcriptase...
<h3>Importance</h3> Use of next-generation sequencing RNA and machine learning algorithms can classify the risk malignancy in cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules to limit unnecessary diagnostic surgery. <h3>Objective</h3> To measure performance a genomic classifier for nodules. <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> A blinded validation study was conducted on set collected by fine-needle aspiration biopsy between June 2009 December 2010 from 49 academic community centers United...
Although advancing age is known to influence the formation of thyroid nodules, precise relationship remains unclear. Furthermore, it uncertain whether influences risk that any nodule may prove cancerous. The aim was determine impact patient on formation, multinodularity, and malignancy. We conducted a prospective cohort analysis consecutive adults (ages 20–95 y) who presented for evaluation nodular disease from 1995 2011. A total 6391 patients underwent ultrasound fine-needle aspiration 12...
Abstract Purpose: To evaluate MHC class I expression on papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and analyze changes in associated immune activation with current experimental treatments for using vitro PTC cell lines. Experimental Design: assessment of tumor-infiltrating leukocyte populations were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. lines analyzed HLA-ABC flow cytometry following tyrosine kinase inhibitor, IFNα or IFNγ, radiation treatment. Functional antigenicity assessed coculture allogeneic donor...
Thyroid storm (TS) is a rare but life-threatening manifestation of thyrotoxicosis. Predictive features and outcomes remain incompletely understood, in part because studies comparing TS with hospitalized thyrotoxic patients have rarely been performed.Our objectives were to compare the diagnosis versus compensated (CT) assess differences diagnostic classification using Burch-Wartofsky scores (BWSs) or Akamizu (Ak) criteria for identifying TS.This was retrospective cohort study during 6-year...
There remain a small number of patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) who suffer recurrence, metastases, or death. While mutation the BRAF gene, corresponding to constitutively active BRAF(V600E) protein, has been associated worse clinical outcomes in cancer, reasons underlying this observation are presently unknown. Disruption endogenous host immune surveillance and promotion tumor escape is one mechanism by which tumors may achieve more aggressive behavior. This study evaluated...
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-negative, T-cell, anaplastic, non-Hodgkin (T-ALCL) in patients with textured saline and silicone breast implants is a recently recognized clinical entity for which the etiology optimal treatment remain unknown.Using three newly established model cell lines from patient biopsy specimens, designated T-cell (TLBR)-1 to -3, we characterized phenotype function of these tumors identify mechanisms survival potential therapeutic targets.Cytogenetics revealed...
Molecular testing of thyroid nodules is increasingly being utilized to guide clinical management decisions. RAS mutations are the most frequent detected in context an indeterminate fine-needle aspiration (FNA) diagnosis. The term "noninvasive follicular neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features" (NIFTP) was recently introduced promote conservative tumors previously classified as noninvasive variant papillary carcinoma (FVPTC). This change terminology based on indolent behavior these and...
Background: For thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology, the Afirma Gene Expression Classifier (GEC) identified benign to reduce diagnostic surgery, though many classified as suspicious still proved histopathologically benign. The current Genomic Sequencing (GSC) demonstrates improved specificity, suggesting more will have a result (benign call rate [BCR]), but independent data are needed confirm this in clinical practice. Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed of all Bethesda III...
Background: The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (BSRTC) is used to interpret fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of thyroid nodules in children and adults. Nodule management guided by the implied malignancy risk each cytological category, which has been derived from adult populations. Whether these risks are applicable pediatric remains uncertain. We compared rates between within category. Methods: evaluated consecutive ≥1 cm that underwent FNA at Boston Children's...
Oncogenic mutations are common in thyroid cancers. While the frequently detected RAS-oncogene have been studied for diagnostic use cytologically indeterminate nodules, no investigation has such an unselected population of nodules. No long-term study RAS-positive nodules performed. We performed a prospective, blinded cohort 362 consecutive patients presenting with clinically relevant (>1 cm) Fine needle aspiration cytology and mutational testing were obtained all Post-operative histopathology...
Background: Since its inception, the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBS) has been widely adopted. Each category conveys a risk of malignancy and recommended next steps, though it is unclear if each also predicts type extent malignancy. If so, this would greatly expand utility TBS by providing prognostic information in addition to baseline cancer risk. Methods: All patients prospectively enrolled into authors' thyroid nodule database from 1995 2013 with histologically...
BACKGROUND Thyroid nodules with atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) on fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) have a low risk malignancy that appears to vary based specific features described in the AUS diagnosis. The Afirma gene expression classifier (GEC) is molecular test designed improve preoperative stratification thyroid nodules, but its performance for different patterns has not been defined. objective this study was assess GEC results and clinical outcomes architectural (AUS‐A),...
Establishing the preoperative diagnosis and long-term prognosis of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) remain challenging in some patients. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are tumor-induced mediating immune tolerance that detectable peripheral blood The authors previously developed a novel clinical assay to detect phenotypes two human MDSC subsets blood, hypothesize higher levels measured by this correlate positively with both malignancy worse patient outcomes.
The impact of Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) on the risk thyroid cancer and its accurate detection remains unclear. presence a chronic lymphocytic infiltration imparts logical mechanism potentially altering neoplastic transformation, while also influencing accuracy diagnostic evaluation.We performed prospective, cohort analysis 9851 consecutive patients with 21,397 nodules ≥1 cm who underwent nodule evaluation between 1995 2017. definition HT included (i) elevated peroxidase antibody (TPOAb)...
It is now recognized that noninvasive follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (NFVPTC) a distinct subset FVPTC with an exceedingly indolent clinical course. The Afirma gene-expression classifier (GEC) helps guide clinicians in the management nodules indeterminate fine-needle aspiration (FNA) results. Thyroid surgery recommended for suspicious result, whereas observation deemed reasonable most benign result. aim this study was to confirm test detects NFVPTCs and determine how many...
Thyroid disorders have emerged as one of the most common immune-related adverse events (irAE), yet optimum management and biomarkers to predict vulnerable individuals remain be explored. High-dose glucocorticoid (HDG) therapy is routinely recommended for irAEs. However, systematic analysis impact on outcome immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced thyroid lacking. We analyzed 151 patients with or without ICI-related disorders. divided into two subgroups: those HDG treatment. Our results...
Assessing thyroid nodules for malignancy is complex. The impact of patient and nodule factors on cancer evaluation uncertain.To determine precise estimates risk associated with clinical sonographic variables obtained during assessment.Analysis consecutive adult patients evaluated ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration a ≥1 cm between 1995 2017. Demographics, appearance, pathologic findings were collected.Estimated using mixed-effect logistic regression.In 9967 [84% women, median age 53...
Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) immunotherapy leverages the body’s own immune system to attack cancer cells but leads unwanted autoimmune side effects in up 60% of patients. Such immune-related adverse events (IrAEs) may lead treatment interruption, permanent organ dysfunction, hospitalization, and premature death. Thyroiditis is one most common IrAEs, cause thyroid IrAEs remains unknown. In this study, we use a new, physiologically relevant mouse model ICI-associated autoimmunity...
Autoimmune toxicity occurs in up to 60% of patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy for cancer and represents an increasing clinical challenge expanding the use these treatments. To date, human immunopathogenic studies immune-related adverse events (IRAEs) have relied on sampling circulating peripheral blood cells rather than affected tissues. Here, we directly obtained thyroid specimens from individuals ICI-thyroiditis, one most common IRAEs, compared infiltrates...
Importance Standard treatment for patients with medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) consists of total thyroidectomy central neck dissection, but the rationale bilateral surgery in unilateral disease on ultrasonography remains unclear. Objective To determine presence occult contralateral (lesions not seen preoperative ultrasonography) MTC as a thyroidectomy. Design, Setting, and Participants This multi-institutional, retrospective cohort study was conducted from September 1998 to April 2022...
Background: Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine condition and chronic thyroid hormone deficiency associated with adverse effects across multiple organ systems. In compensated hypothyroidism, however, patients remain clinically stable due to gradual physiological adaptation. contrast, the clinical syndrome of decompensated hypothyroidism referred as myxedema coma (MC) an emergency high risk mortality. Because its rarity, there are currently limited data regarding MC. This study analyzes...
Blockade of immune checkpoint molecules to reverse cancer-induced suppression can improve anti-tumor responses in cancer patients. Monoclonal antibodies targeting two such molecules, Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated 4 (CTLA-4) have shown clinical benefit the treatment advanced malignancies, including metastatic melanoma. Adverse effects these inhibitors include immune-related adverse events (irAE) inducing new autoimmunity, which one most common is...
To review cases and increase awareness in clinicians treating patients who may be taking biotin.We describe the presentation workup of a woman with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis on high dose biotin laboratory studies suggestive thyrotoxicosis.Plasma samples showed evidence elevated thyroid hormone levels free thyroxine >7.8 ng/dl (reference interval (RI) 0.9-1.7 ng/dl) decreased stimulating <0.02 uIU/ml (RI 0.50-5.70 uIU/ml). Laboratory values normalized when was withheld prior to...