Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the only in developing embryos with potential to transmit genetic information next generation. PGCs therefore have be of value for gene banking and cryopreservation, particularly via production donor gametes germ-line chimeras. Currently, it is not clear how many required differentiation formation gonadal structures. In present study, we achieved complete replacement between two related teleost species, pearl danio (Danio albolineatus) zebrafish rerio),...

As complete absence of germ cells leads to sterile males in zebrafish, we explored the relationship between primordial cell (PGC) number and sexual development. Our results revealed dimorphic proliferation PGCs early zebrafish larvae, marking beginning differentiation. We applied morpholino-based gene knockdown transplantation strategies demonstrate that a threshold is required for stability ovarian fate. Using histology transcriptomic analyses, determined gonads are meiotic stage at 14 days...

High frequency production of zebrafish germline chimeras was achieved by transplanting ovarian germ cells into sterile Danio hybrid recipients. Ovarian were obtained from 3-mo-old adult Tg(vasa:DsRed2-vasa);Tg(bactin:EGFP) double transgenic discontinuous Percoll gradient centrifugation. An average 755 ± 108 DsRed-positive recovered each female. For transplantations, a total approximately 620 242 EGFP-positive which 12 4.7 introduced the abdominal cavity under swim bladder 2-wk-old larvae....

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) arise elsewhere in the embryo and migrate into developing gonadal ridges during embryonic development. In several model animals, formation migration patterns of PGCs have been studied, it is known that these vary. Sturgeons (genus Acipenser) great potential for comparative evolutionary studies belong to super class Actinoptergii, their developmental pattern similar amphibians, although phylogenetic position an out-group teleost fishes. Here, we reveal injection...

While it is widely recognized that mitochondria are components of germ plasm, their specific role in the formation and specification primordial cells (PGCs) remains poorly understood. Furthermore, has not been established whether plasm possess unique characteristics essential for function. In this study, we demonstrate indispensable PGCs development non-teleost fishes dependent on origin from plasm. Using sturgeon embryos, showed UV radiation applied to vegetal pole effectively eliminates...

While it is widely recognized that mitochondria are components of germ plasm, their specific role in the formation and specification primordial cells (PGCs) remains poorly understood. Furthermore, has not been established whether plasm possess unique characteristics essential for function. In this study, we demonstrate indispensable PGCs development non-teleost fishes dependent on origin from plasm. Using sturgeon embryos, showed UV radiation applied to vegetal pole effectively eliminates...

In some teleost fish, primordial germ cells (PGCs) inherit specific maternal cytoplasmic factors such as <I>vasa</I> and <I>nanos </I>1 (<I>nos</I>1) mRNA. It has been shown that the 3'untranslated regions (UTRs) of <I>vasa </I>and<I> nos</I>1 have critical roles for stabilization these RNAs in zebrafish PGCs. this study, to determine whether role <I>nos 3'UTR is conserved between species, we injected artificially synthesized mRNA, combining green fluorescent protein (GFP) 3'UTR<I>...

We report, for the first time, a series of baseline techniques comprising isolation and transplantation female male early-stage germ cells in sturgeon to generate germline chimera as potential tool surrogate reproduction gene banking. Cells were dissociated from testis, characterized by mostly spermatogonia, ovary, exclusively oogonia previtellogenic oocytes, Acipenser baerii, using 0.3% trypsin (2 hours, 23 °C) dissolved PBS, isotonic with blood plasma. The sorted Percoll gradient...

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the only in developing embryos that can transmit genetic information to next generation. PGCs therefore have considerable potential value for gene banking and cryopreservation, particularly via production of donor gametes using germ-line chimeras. In some animal species, including teleost fish, feasibility PGC transplantation obtain donor-derived offspring, within between has been demonstrated. Successful use produce chimeras is absolutely dependent on...

Sturgeons (chondrostean, acipenseridae) are ancient fish species, widely known for their caviar. Nowadays, most of them critically endangered. The sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) is a common Eurasian sturgeon species with small body size and the fastest reproductive cycle among sturgeons. Such can be used as host surrogate production; application value recovery endangered huge an extremely long cycle. One prerequisite production donor's gametes only to have sterile host. Commonly sterilization...

The staging of embryonic and larval development, the germ cell lineage loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, are described. Fertilized eggs were obtained by artificial insemination. For convenience detailed observation photography external appearance, we use dechorionated embryos. Through a series operations, these embryos cultured at 20°C in an incubator. Embryonic development loach was divided into five periods: cleavage, blastula, gastrula, segmentation, hatching. Stages assigned within each...

The natural clonal loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (Teleostei: Cobitidae) is diploid (2n = 50) and produces genetically identical unreduced eggs, which develop into individuals without any genetic contribution from sperm. Artificially sex-reversed clones created by the administration of 17alpha-methyltestosterone produce In metaphase spreads testicular cells clones, spermatocytes had twice normal number chromosomes (50 bivalents) compared with those diploids (25 bivalents). Thus, production...

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are segregated and specified from somatic during early development. These arise elsewhere have to migrate across the embryo reach developing gonadal precursors. Several molecules associated with PGC migration (i.e. dead-end, nanos1, cxcr4) highly conserved phylum boundaries. However, since cell is a complicated process that regulated spatially temporally by multiple adaptors signal effectors, unlikely be explained these known genes only. Indeed, it has been shown...

Abstract Artificially induced haploidy is lethal in vertebrates, although it useful for genetic screening and genome editing due to its single set of genomes. Haploid embryonic stem (ES) cell lines mammals contribute studies the production gametes derived from haploid ES cells. In fish breeding, doubled haploids (DHs) by artificially gynogenesis are used generate isogenic cloning purposes. However, have not been directly differentiated cells, even though established medaka. Here, we aimed...

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the only in developing embryos with potential to transmit genetic information next generation. In our previous study, a single PGC transplanted into host differentiated fertile gametes and produced germ-line chimeras of cyprinid fish, including zebrafish. this we aimed induce by transplanting donor PGCs from various sources (normal at different stages, dissociated blastomeres, embryoids, or embryoids cryopreserved vitrification) blastulae, compare migration...

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the origin of all in developing embryos. In sturgeon embryo, PGCs develop from vegetal hemisphere, which mainly acts as an extraembryonic source nutrition. Current methods for studying require either killing fish or using costly and time-consuming histological procedures. Here, we demonstrate that visualization sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus>) vivo is feasible by simply labeling hemisphere with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran. We injected...