The role of the sun on Earth's climate variability is still much debated. Here we present an ice core oxygen isotope record from continental Siberian Altai, serving as a high‐resolution temperature proxy for last 750 years. strong correlation between reconstructed and solar activity suggests forcing main driver variations during period 1250–1850 in this region. precisely dated allowed identification 10–30 year lag response, underlining importance indirect sun‐climate mechanisms involving...

Abstract Global warming has caused widespread surface lowering of mountain glaciers. By comparing two firn cores collected in 2018 and 2020 from Corbassière glacier Switzerland, we demonstrate how vulnerable these precious archives past environmental conditions have become. Within years, the soluble impurity records were destroyed by melting. The is now irrevocably lost as an archive for reconstructing major atmospheric aerosol components.

Ice core records show that anthropogenic Pb pollution levels from road traffic in South America exceed those of any historical metallurgy.

The development of strategies and policies aiming at the reduction environmental exposure to air pollution requires assessment historical emissions. Although anthropogenic emissions from extended territory Soviet Union (SU) considerably influenced concentrations heavy metals in Northern Hemisphere, Pb is only metal with long-term emission estimates for this region available, whereas selected other single values exist. Here we present first study assessing Cd, Cu, Sb, Zn SU during period...

Abstract One crucial condition for the interpretation of ice-core records is establishment an accurate time-scale. This task especially difficult glacier sites in a complex topography such as Alps, due to often irregular deposition fresh precipitation. In this work, dating techniques were applied Alpine ice core from upper Grenzgletscher, Monte Rosa massif (4200 m a.s.l.), representing about two-thirds total thickness. They are based on (i) radioactive decay isotope 210 Pb, (ii) seasonally...

In order to interpret glaciochemical records with respect the history of air pollution, an understanding post-depositional processes taking place in firn and ice is crucial. a 13-m section Alpine core, we observed drastic disturbance concentration certain ionic species which attribute inflow meltwater. This observation opened up possibility investigate effects leaching on chemical composition natural layer. Species were leached different efficiencies: Whereas normal seasonal pattern...

Abstract Understanding the impact of melting on preservation atmospheric compounds in high‐Alpine snow and glacier ice is crucial for future reconstruction past conditions. However, detailed studies investigating melt‐related changes such proxy information are rare. Here we present a series five pit profiles 6 major ions 34 trace elements at Weissfluhjoch, Switzerland, collected between January June 2017. Atmospheric composition was preserved during cold season, while toward summer resulted...

Emissions from forests represent an important source of gaseous precursors aerosols that can significantly alter the regional radiation balance. Long‐term records biogenic emissions are available for Northern America and Amazon Basin, whereas historical development Siberian forests, comprising about 20% world's forested area, is unknown so far. Here we investigate ice core ammonium formate last 750 years, representing boreal in pre‐industrial era. Biogenic were found to be closely related...

Human activities have significantly altered atmospheric Pb concentrations and thus, its geochemical cycle, for thousands of years. Whereas historical emissions from Western Europe, North America, Asia are well documented, there is no equivalent data Eastern Europe. Here, we present ice-core the period 1680–1995 Belukha glacier in Siberian Altai, assumed to be representative Europe Altai. 207Pb/206Pb ratios were strongly enhanced during 1935–1995 due use additives Russian gasoline mined Rudny...

Abstract. Historic records of α-dicarbonyls (glyoxal, methylglyoxal), carboxylic acids (C6–C12 dicarboxylic acids, pinic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic phthalic 4-methylphthalic acid), and ions (oxalate, formate, calcium) were determined with annual resolution in an ice core from Grenzgletscher the southern Swiss Alps, covering time period 1942 to 1993. Chemical analysis organic compounds was conducted using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled electrospray ionization...

Abstract. The Amazon Basin is one of the major contributors to global biomass burning emissions. However, regional paleofire trends remain particularly unknown. Due their proximity Basin, Andean ice cores are suitable reconstruct in South America and improve our understanding complex linkages between fires, climate humans. Here we present first refractory black carbon (rBC) ice-core record from Andes as a proxy for emissions derived an core drilled at 6300 m a.s.l. Illimani glacier Bolivian...

Abstract. Individual high-Alpine ice cores have been proven to contain a well-preserved history of past anthropogenic air pollution in western Europe. The question how representative one core is with respect the reconstruction atmospheric composition source region has not addressed so far. Here, we present first study systematically comparing longer-term ice-core records (1750–2015 CE) various compounds, such as major inorganic aerosol constituents (NH4+, NO3-, SO42-), black carbon (BC), and...

Anthropogenic emissions of the toxic heavy metal mercury (Hg) have substantially increased atmospheric Hg levels during 20th century compared to preindustrial times. However, on a regional scale, concentration or deposition trends vary such an extent industrial period that consequences recent Asian are still unclear. Here we present 320 year history for Central Asia, based continuous high-resolution ice-core record from Belukha glacier in Siberian Altai, covering time 1680-2001....

Abstract The radiative effect of anthropogenic aerosols is one the largest uncertainties in Earth's energy budget over industrial period. This uncertainty part due to sparse observations aerosol concentrations pre‐satellite era. To address this lack measurements, ice cores can be used, which contain concentration record. date, these have been under‐utilized for comparison found state‐of‐the‐art Earth system models (ESMs). Here we compare long term trends sulfate and black carbon (BC) between...

Glaciers serve as natural archives for reconstructing past changes of atmospheric aerosol concentration and composition. While most ice-core studies have focused on inorganic species, organic compounds, which can constitute up to 90% the submicrometer mass, been largely overlooked. To our knowledge, this study presents first nontarget screening record secondary species preserved in a Belukha ice core (Siberia, Russian Federation), ranging from pre-industrial industrial period (1800-1980 CE)....

Organic aerosols constitute up to 90% of submicron aerosol mass, playing a crucial role in influencing the Earth’s radiative forcing by absorbing and scattering incoming solar radiation, as well acting cloud condensation nuclei. To unravel complexity organic (OA) chemical composition, recent analytical advances, such high-resolution mass spectrometry development non-target screening (NTS) workflows, have been applied present-day atmospheric samples. However, for better...

ABSTRACT Past atmospheric pollution can be reconstructed from ice core trace element records retrieved mountain glaciers. However, the current global temperature increase result in post-depositional melt processes, significantly altering originally stored information. Here, we present a comprehensive study on behaviour of 35 elements (TEs) during meltwater percolation high-Alpine segment upper Grenzgletscher, Switzerland. Some TEs revealed significant concentration depletion, whereas others...

Abstract Glaciers located in western High Mountain Asia (HMA) have shown mass gain or limited losses compared to other mountain regions since ~2000. Increases accumulation may be responsible. Although no contemporary measurements exist explore this hypothesis, extensive historic including firn density, stratigraphy and rates at ~4400 m a.s.l. on Abramov Glacier, Pamir Alay, provide valuable indications of changes. Glacier is the northern margin HMA. In study, we assess unique historical data...

Abstract. Water stable isotope ratios and net snow accumulation in ice cores are commonly interpreted as temperature or precipitation proxies. However, only a few cases has direct calibration with instrumental data been attempted. In this study we took advantage of the dense network observations European Alpine region to rigorously test relationship annual seasonal resolved proxy from two highly local precipitation. We focused on time period 1961–2001 highest amount quality meteorological...