Recent findings from the literature on imprisonment policy suggest that in addition to traditional social and economic variables, rates are also strongly related changes state political environment. In this study, we extend by testing a theory of punitiveness which posits (1) environment states influences degree they incarcerate their citizens, (2) determinants may be conditional upon racial subpopulation being incarcerated. Our results increases conservatism recent decades have contributed...

Since the United States Supreme Court's decision in Bush v. Gore, public's support for judicial system looms as an especially important concern. Although studies have confirmed that reservoir of public goodwill has remained largely intact following politically divisive decision, status other American courts received little attention. This reflects a broader trend politics scholarship toward placing inordinate attention on explaining U.S. Court while ignoring where most policymaking nation...

One consequence of the president's use rhetoric to shape public agenda, media, and congressional attention is less recognized: Presidential shapes priorities administrative agents over whom he seeks managerial control. We present statistical tests power presidential policy signals in case United States Attorneys' implementation federal "War on Drugs." find that shifted composition caseload, although not exclusion other pertinent local, national, internal factors. Yet, consequences for...

The bully pulpit is one of the modern president's most powerful tools-and elusive to measure. Presidential Rhetoric and Public Agenda uses war on drugs as a case study explore whether how public statements affect formation carrying out policy in United States. When June 1971 President Richard M. Nixon initiated drugs, he did so with rhetorical flourish force, setting motion federal that has been largely followed for more than three decades. Using qualitative quantitative measurements, Andrew...

In this study we build upon the work of Ducat and Dudley's 1989 examination presidential power federal judiciary. Whereas they focused fortunes before district courts in cases involving formal constitutional statutory powers presi dent, apply a similar model to voting records United States Supreme Court Justices such cases. Additionally, offer an extended justice on that believe affords better explanation decision-making pro cess. We find justices' decisions support president are condi...

Does the identity of a majority opinion writer affect level agreement Supreme Court decision receives from public? Using survey experiment, we manipulate authors to investigate whether individuals are willing agree with opinions authored by ideologically similar justices even though decisions cut against their self-identified ideological policy preferences. Our study provides insight into extent which cues—represented political institution’s messenger—affect given policy. We find that...

Abstract Two decades of research have helped show that government agencies can be innovative under certain conditions. We test hypotheses about the adoption and use robotics as a key emerging leading‐edge technology advanced economies undergo latest technological revolution. focus on case U.S. crime laboratories core component “evidence assembly process” in justice system. Using data from census labs, we depends familiar “push‐and‐pull” factors: push agency professionalism, pull task...

Key Words: Prison populationselderly prisonersfirst offenseprison sentencesend-of-life carePOPS (Project for Older Prisoners)

Some researchers argue over the existence of a “litigation explosion,” while others seek to understand causes variation in citizen legal mobilization and rates litigation among states. Existing studies have provided important insight into citizens’ propensity invoke state courts settle disputes; however, there remain unresolved questions concerning rates. The authors that structural aspects judicial systems, specifically professionalism method selection, implications for litigiousness. They...

One of the president's main leadership tools for influencing direction U.S. legal policy is public rhetoric. Numerous studies have examined use “bully pulpit” to lead by Congress or opinion, changing behavior agencies. We argue that president can rhetoric change agencies and this important social consequences. focus on disproportionate impact presidential different “target populations” in context War Drugs. Specifically, we observe had a greater state arrest rates African Americans than...

Two important perspectives on courts highlight fundamentally different elements of adjudication and yield distinct predictions about judicial outcomes. The Attitudinal Model voting posits judge ideology as a strong predictor court Alternatively, the Law Economics perspective focuses settlement behavior litigants reasons that while judges may vote ideologically, adapt to these ideological proclivities, nullifying effect ideology. This analysis reconciling expectations effects litigant...

Abstract Debate rages over whether Americans have become enormously litigious, but little research considers why file cases in the first place or adequately rates of litigation time. This article examines tort filings ten representative states a 20-year period and analyzes impact social, political, policy, legal system factors that may account for case filings. We find filing vary substantially time within individual states, which adds to cautions about claims general litigiousness. Our...

The last two decades have seen a dramatic rise in the ways governments, private industry, and other interests can access, gather, analyze, employ information about citizens. Given unique roles of practitioners from both public sectors this policy ecosystem, we lay conceptual groundwork for coevolving technological, business, disruptions. We focus on "notice choice" framework (which consider type nudge) given changing conceptions privacy world evolving norms. Finally, difficult problem clear...

Abstract We trace how privacy-encroaching technologies have unfolded over the course of human history and such influenced societies economies; governments been central to this evolution. maintain that surveillance is inevitable: future public administration will depend on administrators others navigate deep rifts in fear (yet acceptance) other means data collection. Finally, we argue for coordination among governance scholars, administrators, technologists, civil society advocates order...

In this study, we focus on an unresolved problem in our understanding of the construction presidential issue agenda: how to reconcile president’s responsiveness public opinion with his institutionalized electoral cycle. We argue that is contingent: president allocates agenda space discretionary issues when strength high and cycle dictates responsiveness. provide evidence for claim by simultaneously addressing potential influence other relevant political actors, intra-administration...

‘Data scraping’, the automated extraction of website content and its subsequent reuse on third party websites, recently made headlines when UK airlines, Ryanair Easyjet, took steps to prevent aggregation their flight data. In Belgium, ongoing dispute between Copiepresse Google rumbles on. This article explores possible options open ‘scraped’ wishing protect from ‘scrapers’. The considers recent developments in copyright law potential for enforcement database rights terms use fight against...

In political science, the well‐known “attitudinal model” of legal decision making dictates that judges' sincere policy preferences drive outcomes. contrast, celebrated “selection hypothesis” from law and economics literature suggests litigants carefully consider factors affecting potential case success (including judicial ideology) accordingly choose, in name efficiency, to settle or not pursue cases which outcomes can be readily predicted. Thus, judges end up adjudicating a nonrandom set...

In recent decades, political science has turned to the study of agenda setting as a central aspect collective decision-making environments. The content public – and issue agendas institutions make significant social change possible. Recent studies suggest that these are engaged in both competitive relationships, they identify pursue active latent issues, more complex cue-taking relationships. For separated powers, problems co-operation competition with one another entwined internal dilemmas....