A5009250245- Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding
- Trace Elements in Health
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Metallurgy and Material Science
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- RNA Research and Splicing
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- RNA regulation and disease
Istituto Superiore di Sanità
2015-2024
University of Bari Aldo Moro
2021
Norwegian Veterinary Institute
2018
Colorado State University
2018
Canadian Food Inspection Agency
2018
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d'Aosta
2018
Norwegian Institute for Nature Research
2018
Norwegian University of Life Sciences
2018
University of Ouargla
2018
École Normale Supérieure
2018
Transmission of prions between species is limited by the "species barrier," which hampers a full characterization human prion strains in mouse model. We report that efficiency primary transmission from Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease patients to wild rodent species, bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus), comparable reported transgenic mice carrying protein, spite low protein–sequence homology man and vole. Voles infected with sporadic genetic isolates show strain-specific patterns spongiform...
Abstract Chronic wasting disease (CWD) persists in cervid populations of North America and 2016 was detected for the first time Europe a wild reindeer Norway. We report detection CWD 3 moose (Alces alces) Norway, identified through large scale surveillance program. The cases occurred 13–14-year-old female moose, we an abnormal form prion protein (PrPSc) brain but not lymphoid tissues. Immunohistochemistry revealed that shared same neuropathologic phenotype, characterized by mostly...
Abstract Prions cause fatal and transmissible neurodegenerative diseases, including Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans, scrapie small ruminants, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). After the BSE epidemic, associated human infections, began 1996 United Kingdom, general concerns have been raised about animal prions. We detected a prion dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) Algeria. Symptoms suggesting occurred 3.1% of dromedaries brought for slaughter to Ouargla abattoir 2015–2016....
The association between PrP gene variations and scrapie susceptibility was studied in a single herd of Ionica breed goats. entire comprised 100 animals, 11 which were clinically affected showed pathological prion protein (PrP(Sc)) deposition both their central nervous system (CNS) lymphoreticular (LRS). Among asymptomatic goats, nine harboured PrP(Sc) CNS LRS, 19 only at the LRS level 61 animals had no deposition. Genetic analysis coding sequence revealed presence several polymorphisms,...
In order to assess the susceptibility of bank voles chronic wasting disease (CWD), we inoculated carrying isoleucine or methionine at codon 109 (Bv109I and Bv109M, respectively) with CWD isolates from elk, mule deer white-tailed deer. Efficient transmission rate (100%) was observed mean survival times ranging 156 281 days post inoculation. Subsequent passages in Bv109I allowed us isolate all sources same vole-adapted strain (Bv109ICWD), typified by unprecedented short incubation 25–28 ∼35...
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), which belongs to beta group of coronavirus, can infect multiple host species and causes severe diseases in humans. Multiple surveillance phylogenetic studies suggest a bat origin. In this study, we describe the detection full genome characterization two CoVs closely related MERS-CoV from Italian bats, Pipistrellus kuhlii Hypsugo savii. Pool viscera were tested by pan-coronavirus RT-PCR. Virus isolation was attempted inoculation...
Abstract We detected severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in an otherwise healthy poodle living with 4 family members who had disease. observed antibodies serum samples taken from the dog, indicating seroconversion. Full-length genome sequencing showed that canine and human viruses were identical, suggesting human-to-animal transmission.
The European Commission requested an analysis of the Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) monitoring programme in Norway, Sweden, Finland, Iceland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (9 January 2017-28 February 2022). Thirteen cases were detected reindeer, 15 moose 3 red deer. They showed two phenotypes, distinguished by presence or absence detectable disease-associated normal cellular prion protein (PrP) lymphoreticular tissues. CWD was for first time Sweden other areas Norway. In countries...
In this work, we studied the selective pressure and evolutionary analysis on SARS-CoV-2 BF.7 BQ.1.1 lineages circulating in Italy from July to December 2022. Two different datasets were constructed: first comprised 694 lineage sequences second 734 sequences, available Italian COVID-19 Genomic (I-Co-Gen) platform GISAID (last access date 15 2022). Alignments performed with MAFFT v.7 under Galaxy platform. The HYPHY software was used study pressure. Four positively selected sites (two nsp3 two...
Abstract Background Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are endemic in wild birds and their introduction conversion to highly pathogenic avian virus domestic poultry is a cause of serious economic losses as well risk for potential transmission humans. The ability rapidly recognise AIVs biological specimens critical limiting further spread the disease poultry. advent molecular methods such real time polymerase chain reaction has allowed improvement detection currently used laboratories, although...
The bank vole is a rodent susceptible to different prion strains from humans and various animal species. We analyzed the transmission features of prions in panel seven species which showed degrees phylogenetic affinity specific protein (PrP) sequence divergences order investigate basis susceptibility comparison other models. At first, we found differential field voles compared C57Bl/6 wood mice. Voles high sheep scrapie but were resistant bovine spongiform encephalopathy, whereas mice...
Despite intensive studies on sheep scrapie, a number of questions remain unanswered, such as the natural mode transmission and amount infectivity which accumulates in edible tissues at different stages scrapie infection. Studies using mouse model proved to be useful for recognizing strain diversity, but low sensitivity mice some isolates hampered further investigations. To investigate bank voles (Myodes glareolus) we performed end-point titrations from two unrelated sources. Similar titres...
In order to investigate the potential of voles reproduce in vitro efficiency prion replication previously observed vivo, we seeded protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) reactions with either rodent-adapted Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy (TSE) strains or natural TSE isolates. Vole brain homogenates were shown be a powerful substrate for both homologous heterologous PMCA, sustaining efficient prions from all sources tested. However, after few serial automated PMCA (saPMCA)...
During an influenza A(H7N7) virus outbreak among poultry in Italy during August-September 2013, infection with a highly pathogenic avian was diagnosed for 3 workers conjunctivitis. Genetic analyses revealed that the viruses from humans were closely related to those chickens on affected farms.
The first outbreak of the pandemic H1N1 virus in a swine breeder farm Italy November 2009 was reported. Clinical signs observed sows included fever, depression, anorexia and agalactia, while piglets diarrhoea weight loss. morbidity approximately 30% accumulated mortality rate similar with those usually reported piggeries (<10%). Virus isolated from (A/Sw/It/290271/09) sequencing whole genome then performed. Comparison all (H1N1)v sequences available GenBank shows A/Sw/It/290271/09 three...
The susceptibility of sheep to classical scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is mainly influenced by prion protein (PrP) polymorphisms A136V, R154H, Q171R, with the ARR allele associated significantly decreased susceptibility. Here we report protective effect amino acid substitution M137T, I142K, or N176K on ARQ in experimentally challenged either BSE. Such observations suggest existence additional PrP alleles that decrease transmissible encephalopathies, which may have...
Prion protein gene (PRNP) polymorphisms are involved in modulating the appearance of atypical/Nor98 scrapie sheep, with alleles AHQ and AF141RQ strongly associated occurrence disease. The presence histidine at codon 154 has also been detected Nor98-affected goats, but statistical analysis association between Nor98 goat PRNP not reported previously. Here, a case-control study was carried out on eight Nor98-positive goats 246 negative herdmates belonging to Italian outbreaks. results revealed...
ABSTRACT Bank vole is a rodent species that shows differential susceptibility to the experimental transmission of different prion strains. In this work, features panel diverse prions with distinct origins were assayed both in bank expressing methionine at codon 109 (Bv109M) and transgenic mice physiological levels PrP C (the BvPrP-Tg407 mouse line). This work first systematic comparison collection isolates, representing strains, transgenic-mouse model its natural counterpart. The results...
ABSTRACT Concerns have been raised about the possibility that bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) agent could transmitted to sheep populations via contaminated feedstuffs. The objective of our study was investigate suitability molecular strain typing methods as a surveillance tool for studying scrapie variations and differentiating PrP Sc from scrapie, BSE, BSE. We studied 38 Italian cases 13 outbreaks, along with British case, an experimental ovine 3 BSE cases, by analyzing glycoform...
The viral protein Nef is a virulence factor that plays multiple roles during the early and late phases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication. regulates cell surface expression critical proteins (including down-regulation CD4 major histocompatibility complex class I), T-cell receptor signaling, apoptosis, inducing proapoptotic effects in uninfected bystander cells antiapoptotic infected cells. It has been proposed intersects CD40 ligand signaling pathway macrophages, leading to...