The propagation of electromagnetic waves in vacuum is often described within the geometrical optics approximation, which predicts that wave rays follow null geodesics. However, this model valid only limit infinitely high frequencies. At large but finite frequencies, diffraction can still be negligible, ray dynamics becomes affected by evolution polarization. Hence, deviate from geodesics, known as gravitational spin Hall effect light. In literature, has been calculated ad hoc for a number...

Quantum computing is gaining increased attention as a potential way to speed up simulations of physical systems, and it also interest apply classical plasmas. However, quantum information science traditionally aimed at modeling linear Hamiltonian systems particular form that found in mechanics, so extending the existing results plasma applications remains challenge. Here, we report preliminary exploration long-term opportunities likely obstacles this area. First, show many plasma-wave...

By restating geometrical optics within the field-theoretical approach, classical concept of a photon (and, more generally, any elementary excitation) in arbitrary dispersive medium is introduced, and properties are calculated unambiguously. In particular, canonical kinetic momenta carried by photon, as well two corresponding energy-momentum tensors wave, derived from first principles Lagrangian mechanics. As an example application this formalism, Abraham-Minkowski controversy pertaining to...

This paper presents quasilinear theory (QLT) for a classical plasma interacting with inhomogeneous turbulence. The particle Hamiltonian is kept general; example, relativistic, electromagnetic and gravitational effects are subsumed. A Fokker–Planck equation the dressed ‘oscillation-centre’ distribution derived from Klimontovich captures diffusion, interaction background fields ponderomotive simultaneously. local diffusion coefficient manifestly positive-semidefinite. Waves allowed to be...

This work opens a series of papers where we develop general quasi-optical theory for mode-converting electromagnetic beams in plasma and implement it numerical algorithm. Here, the basic is introduced. We consider quasimonochromatic multicomponent wave weakly inhomogeneous linear medium with no sources. For any given dispersion operator that governs field, explicitly calculate approximate envelope ψ to second order geometrical-optics parameter. Then, further simplify this by assuming...

Tertiary modes in electrostatic drift-wave turbulence are localized near extrema of the zonal velocity $U(x)$ with respect to radial coordinate $x$. We argue that these can be described as quantum harmonic oscillators complex frequencies, so their spectrum readily calculated. The corresponding growth rate $\gamma_{\rm TI}$ is derived within modified Hasegawa--Wakatani model. show equals primary-instability plus a term depends on local $U''$; hence, instability threshold shifted compared...

The propagation of electromagnetic waves in isotropic dielectric media with local dispersion is studied under the assumption small but nonvanishing $\lambda/l$, where $\lambda$ wavelength, and $l$ characteristic inhomogeneity scale. It commonly known that, due to nonzero such can experience polarization-driven bending ray trajectories polarization dynamics that be interpreted as precession wave "spin". present work reports how Lagrangians describing these effects deduced, rather than...

This paper explores structure formation in two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence as a modulational instability (MI) of turbulent fluctuations. We focus on the early stages and consider simple backgrounds that allow for tractable model MI while retaining full chain harmonics. approach allows us to systematically examine validity popular closures such quasilinear approximation other low-order truncations. find that, although can provide quantitatively accurate approximations...

By employing stimulated Raman backscattering in a plasma, information carried by laser pulse can be captured the form of very slowly propagating plasma wave that persists for time long compared with duration. If is then probed short pulse, stored retrieved second scattered electromagnetic wave. The recording and retrieving processes conserve robustly shape, thus enabling fidelity optical signals.

The wave kinetic equation (WKE) describing drift-wave (DW) turbulence is widely used in studies of zonal flows (ZFs) emerging from DW turbulence. However, this formulation neglects the exchange enstrophy between DWs and ZFs also ignores effects beyond geometrical-optics limit. We derive a modified theory that takes both these into account, while still treating quanta ("driftons") as particles phase space. drifton dynamics described by an Wigner-Moyal type, which commonly known phase-space...

The design and optimization of radiofrequency-wave systems for fusion applications is often performed using ray-tracing codes, which rely on the geometrical-optics (GO) approximation. However, GO fails at wave cutoffs caustics. To accurately model behavior in these regions, more advanced computationally expensive ``full-wave'' simulations are typically used, but this not strictly necessary. A new generalized formulation called metaplectic geometrical optics (MGO) has been proposed that...

A classical particle oscillating in an arbitrary high-frequency or static field effectively exhibits a modified rest mass m(eff) derived from the averaged Lagrangian. Relativistic ponderomotive and diamagnetic forces, as well magnetic drifts, are obtained dependence on guiding center location velocity. The effective is not necessarily positive can result backward acceleration when additional perturbation force applied. As example, adiabatic dynamics with m||>0 m||<0 demonstrated for...

Even when neglecting diffraction effects, the well-known equations of geometrical optics (GO) are not entirely accurate. Traditional GO treats wave rays as classical particles, which completely described by their coordinates and momenta, but vector-wave have another degree freedom, namely, polarization. The polarization freedom manifests itself an effective (classical) “wave spin” that can be assigned to affect dynamics accordingly. A manifestation is mode conversion, linear exchange quanta...

AbstractA first-principle variational approach to adiabatic collisionless plasma waves is described. The focus made on one-dimensional electrostatic oscillations, including phase-mixed electron (EPWs) with trapped particles, such as Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal modes. Whitham's theory extended by an explicit calculation of the EPW Lagrangian, which related oscillation-center energies individual particles in a periodic field, and those are found quadrature. Some paradigmatic physics EPWs...

The possibility of efficient ponderomotive current drive in a magnetized plasma was reported recently [N. J. Fisch, M. Rax, and I. Y. Dodin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 205004 (2003)]. Precise limitations on the efficiency are now given through comprehensive analytical numerical study single-particle dynamics under action cyclotron-resonant rf various field configurations. Expressions for particle energy gain acceleration along dc magnetic obtained. fundamental correlation between two effects is...

Equations describing the linear evolution of a non-dissipative Langmuir wave in inhomogeneous nonstationary anisotropic plasma without magnetic field are derived geometrical optics approximation. A continuity equation is obtained for action density, and conditions conservation formulated. In homogeneous plasma, E universally scales with electron density N as ~ N^{3/4}, whereas wavevector varies depending on geometry.

The scalings for basic plasma modes in the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker model of expanding Universe are revised. Contrary to existing literature, wave collisionless evolution must comply with action conservation theorem. proper steps deduce from ab initio analytical calculations presented, and discrepancies earlier papers identified. In general, cosmological is more easily derived limit, whereas when collisions essential, statistical description suffice, thereby ruling out need using dynamic...

A Lagrangian formalism is developed for a general nondissipative quasiperiodic nonlinear wave with trapped particles in collisionless plasma. The adiabatic time-averaged density $\mcc{L}$ expressed terms of the single-particle oscillation-center Hamiltonians; once those are found, complete set geometrical-optics equations derived without referring to Maxwell-Vlasov system. number assumed fixed; particular, may reside close bottom trapping potential, so they never become untrapped. Then their...

The nonlinear frequency shift is derived in a transparent asymptotic form for intense Langmuir waves general collisionless plasma. formula describes both fluid and kinetic effects simultaneously. nonlinearity expressed, the first time, through plasma dielectric function, accounts smooth distributions trapped-particle beams. Various known limiting scalings are reproduced as special cases. calculation avoids differential equations can be extended straightforwardly to other waves.

The energy of plasma waves can be moved up and down the spectrum using chirped modulations parameters, which driven by external fields. Depending on whether wave is discrete (bounded plasma) or continuous (boundless plasma), this phenomenon called ladder climbing (LC) autoresonant acceleration plasmons. It was first proposed Barth et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 075001 (2015)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.115.075001] based a linear fluid model. In paper, LC electron investigated fully...

The negative-mass instability, previously found in ion traps, appears as a distinct regime of the sideband instability nonlinear plasma waves with trapped particles. As bounce frequency these particles decreases action, bunching can occur if action distribution is inverted trapping islands. In contrast to existing theories that also infer instabilities from anharmonicity oscillations, spatial periodicity islands turns out be unimportant, and particle unstable even it flat at resonance. An...

Abstract This paper explores the hybridization of linear metric perturbations with electromagnetic (EM) in non-magnetized plasma for a general background metric. The local wave properties are derived from first principles inhomogeneous plasma, without assuming any symmetries First, we derive effective (“oscillation-center”) Hamiltonian that governs average dynamics particles prescribed quasimonochromatic involves and EM fields simultaneously. Then, using this Hamiltonian, backreaction on...