A5065216017- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Immune cells in cancer
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Gut microbiota and health
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Aquatic life and conservation
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies
- Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
- Oral Health Pathology and Treatment
- Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Signaling Pathways in Disease
University of Plymouth
2014-2023
Institute of Biomedical Science
2023
Kennedy Center
2007
Institute of Rheumatology
2007
Imperial College London
2002-2005
Hammersmith Hospital
2001
Bath Institute for Rheumatic Diseases
1993-1997
University of Bath
1993-1997
It is well known that healthy gut microbiota essential to promote host health and well-being. The intestinal of endothermic animals as fish are classified autochthonous or indigenous, when they able colonize the host's epithelial surface associated with microvilli, allochthonous transient (associated digesta present in lumen). Furthermore, aquatic more fluidic than terrestrial vertebrates highly sensitive dietary changes. In fish, it demonstrated [a] form (live feeds pelleted diets), [b]...
Abstract IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine with potent immunomodulatory effects, including inhibition of production. However, regulation monocyte production poorly understood. In this report we have investigated the mechanisms LPS-induced by human peripheral blood monocytes and demonstrate that synthesis uniquely dependent on endogenous proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 and/or TNF-α. LPS signal transduction in has been shown to involve activation p38 p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase...
Abstract IL-10 is an important immunosuppressive cytokine that can down-regulate expression of other cytokines and has been shown to itself. We show, in this study, treatment human monocyte-derived macrophages with induces mRNA a dose- time-dependent manner optimum induction at 100 ng/ml 6 h, whereas IL-10-induced protein be detected 18 h. In the same cells, partially suppress induced by LPS, but only down level IL-10. An adenoviral luciferase reporter construct driven −195 promoter, which...
Summary In recent years, aquaculture research has focused on probiotics, prebiotics, and β‐glucans, in order to improve health status growth performance. Information regarding the effects of β‐glucan performance intestinal immunity mirror carp ( Cyprinus carpio L.) is scarce. An experiment was therefore conducted investigate a yeast preparation (MacroGard ® ) performance, morphology haemato‐immunological indices carp. Carp (initial weight 11.1 ± 0.0 g) were fed highly purified diets...
Gut mucosal macrophages play a pivotal role in driving immune responses, resulting either activation of inflammatory responses to pathogenic challenge or tolerance beneficial luminal contents such as food and commensal bacteria. Macrophage elicited are dependent on tissue environment the cell subset, where homeostatic resemble M2 macrophage subset M1s. Probiotics can modulate function with outcome present. Using THP-1 monocyte line-derived model CD14 high/low M1 macrophages, aim this study...
The inducible antimicrobial peptide human β-defensin-2 (hBD-2) stimulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and bacterial products is essential to antipathogen responses of gut epithelial cells. Commensal probiotic bacteria can augment such mucosal defences. Probiotic use in the treatment inflammatory bowel disease, however, may have adverse effects, boosting responses. aim this investigation was determine effect selected strains on hBD-2 production cells induced pathologically relevant role...
With the rising awareness of antimicrobial resistance, development and use functional feed additives (FFAs) as an alternative prophylactic approach to improve animal health performance is increasing. Although FFAs from yeasts are widely used in human pharma applications already, success future candidates resides linking their structural properties efficacy vivo. Herein, this study aimed characterise biochemical molecular four proprietary yeast cell wall extracts S. cerevisiae relation...
Vertebrates display a wide variety of parental care behaviours, including the guarding offspring pre and post nutritional independence as well direct provision nutrients during early development period. The Amazonian cichlid Symphysodon spp. (discus fish) is unusual among fish species, in that both parents provide with mucus secretions to feed from after hatching. This extensive care, which can last up month, imposes physiological demand on gives rise conflict between parent offspring. Here,...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common forms cancer. Its onset from chronic inflammation widely accepted. Moreover, dysbiosis plays an undeniable role, thus use probiotics in CRC has been suggested. They exhibit both anti- and pro-inflammatory properties restore balance microbiota. The aim this study was to investigate immunomodulatory six lactobacilli with probiotic features vitro model macrophage-like cells test these pooled for their anti-tumour a chemically induced using...
Previously we described a system whereby human peripheral blood T cells stimulated for 8 days in cytokine cocktail acquired effector function contact-dependent induction of proinflammatory cytokines from monocytes. We termed these cytokine-activated (Tck) and found that the signalling pathways elicited responding monocytes were identical whether they placed contact with Tck or isolated rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial tissue. Here, using magnetic beads fluorescence-activated cell sorting,...
Metabolism and immune responses have been shown to be closely linked as our understanding increases, so do the intricacies of level linkage. NAD+ has previously regulate tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) synthesis TNF-α homoeostasis providing a link between pro-inflammatory response redox status. In present study, we used THP-1 differentiation into pro- (M1-like) anti- (M2-like) inflammatory macrophage subset models investigate this further. Pro- anti-inflammatory macrophages showed different...
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is an anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory neuropeptide with therapeutic potential demonstrated for collagen-induced arthritis. The aim of this study was to characterise its anti-arthritic effect on human monocytes, macrophages, T cells, and rheumatoid arthritis synovial membrane cells. Monocytes, cells derived from peripheral blood were treated VIP compared other cAMP-elevating drugs a range activating stimuli. Cytokine production assessed cell cultures...
Abstract The T-cell receptor ζ (TCRζ) chain is a master sensor and regulator of lymphocyte responses. Loss TCRζ expression has been documented in infectious, inflammatory, malignant diseases, suggesting that it may serve to limit reactivity effector responses at sites tissue damage. These observations prompted us explore the relationship between function T cells. We report here TCRζdim lymphocytes are enriched for antigen-experienced cells refractory TCR-induced proliferation. Compared their...
Macrophages (MΦs) determine oral mucosal responses; mediating tolerance to commensal microbes and food whilst maintaining the capacity activate immune defences pathogens. MΦ responses are determined by both differentiation activation stimuli, giving rise two distinct subsets; pro-inflammatory M1- anti-inflammatory/regulatory M2- MΦs. M2-like subsets predominate induction whereas M1 MΦs in inflammatory pathologies, destructive mechanisms, such as those chronic P.gingivalis (PG) periodontal...
Early in vitro oral mucosal infection models (OMMs) failed to consider the suitability of model environment represent host immune response. Denture stomatitis (DS) is mediated by Candida albicans, but role Staphylococcus aureus remains uncertain. A collagen hydrogel-based OMM containing HaCaT and HGF cell types was developed, characterised employed study tissue invasion pro-inflammatory cytokine production response pathogens. Models formed a robust epithelium. Despite their inflammatory...
Probiotic bacteria modulate macrophage immune inflammatory responses, with functional cytokine responses determined by subset polarisation, stimulation and probiotic strain. Mucosal macrophages exhibit heterogeneity but are organised in a 3-dimensional tissue, over-laid barrier epithelial cells. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Lacticaseibacillus casei strain Shirota (LcS) on macrophage-epithelial cell pattern recognition receptor (PRR) expression LPS impacts integrity....