Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radars have many advantages over their phased-array counterparts: improved spatial resolution; better parametric identifiably and greater flexibility to design the transmit beampattern. The of beampatterns generally requires waveforms arbitrary auto- cross-correlation properties. correlation/covariance matrix, <b xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</b> , must be positive semidefinite, therefore...

The design of waveforms with specified auto- and cross-correlation properties has a number applications in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar beampattern design. In this work, two algorithms are proposed to generate finite alphabet constant-envelope (CE) required properties. first-algorithm proposes closed-form solution find the CE realize given covariance matrix. Here, Gaussian random-variables (RV's) mapped onto binary-phase shift keying (BPSK) quadrature-phase (QPSK) symbols...

Exhaled breath can be used in retrieving information and creating innovative communication systems. It contains several volatile organic compounds biological entities that act as health biomarkers. For instance, the of an infected human a nonnegligible amount pathogenic aerosol spread or remain suspended atmosphere. Therefore, exhaled exploited source's message setup to remotely scan bio-information via transmission channel. An overview basic configuration is presented along with description...

In this paper, we propose studying the disease spread mechanism in atmosphere as an engineering problem. Aerosol transmission is most significant mode among viral mechanisms that do not include physical contact, where airflows carry virus-laden droplets over long distances. Throughout work, study transport of these a molecular communication problem, one has no control source, but robust receiver can be designed using bio-sensors. To end, present complete system model and derive end-to-end...

Due to an increasing demand in channel capacity and bandwidth, there has been a growing interest the millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum [1]-[3]. Many researchers overcame challenges of implementing extremely high frequency systems secured large bandwidths comparable that fiber optics [4]. The mmWave offers numerous advantages not only wireless communication field but also sensors radar technology [5]. Indeed, transmitting shorter wavelengths helps radars achieve higher range accuracy with...

In the phased-array radar signals from each antenna are transmitted at same carrier frequency, which yields narrowly focused only angle dependent beampattern. contrast, in frequency-diverse-array (FDA) array generally linearly increasing frequencies that range, time, and Reported literature on FDA missed contribution of path-differences signal model due to elements, may lead misleading results. this work, incorporating path-differences, is reanalyzed for reliable Moreover, a novel low...

We consider estimation of frequency offset (FO) and equalization a wireless communication channel, within general framework which allows for different offsets various multipaths. Such scenario may arise due to Doppler shifts associated with multipaths, or in situations where multiple basestations are used transmit identical information. For this framework, we propose an approximative maximum-likelihood estimator exploiting the correlation property transmitted pilot signal. further show that...

Channel gains and frequency offsets are estimated in a multiple input output (MIMO) scenario, allowing for more than one path between the transmit receive antennas, with each possibly having different offset. Such scenario may arise due to Doppler shift associated various multipaths. Here, general case is examined an approximate maximum likelihood (AML) estimator derived by exploiting correlation property of pilot signal. The AML can be written as sum nTL one-dimensional maximisations, where...

We employ the Mellin transform to facilitate bit error ratio (BER) analysis of a fast frequency hopping (FFH)-assisted, M-ary frequency-shift keying (MFSK) using product combining (PC) when transmitted signal is subjected both Rayleigh fading and partial-band noise jamming. Exploiting fact that independent random variables their transforms, we derive probability density function (PDF) PC's output. The derivation PDF then allows computation system's BER. It shown substantially simplifies PC...

In this work, we propose an iterative algorithm for the detection of transmitted symbols at uplink orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) system. The allows distinct frequency-offsets (FO)s from each user that cause multiple-access and self interference. proposed squeezes interference subcarrier k into 2D + 1 nearby subcarriers by preprocessing received signal yields a banded structure matrix. Here, value D depends on FO determines squeezing depth. exploits realizes low...

With competing interests, limited funding and a socially conservative context, there are many barriers to implementing evidence-informed HIV prevention programmes for sex workers injection drug users in Pakistan. Meanwhile, the prevalence is increasing among these populations across We sought propose describe an approach resource allocation which would maximise impact allocative efficiency of programmes.Programme performance reports were used assess current allocation. Population size...

A method for generating constant envelope (CE) waveforms to realise a given covariance matrix closely spaced MIMO radar system is proposed. In contrast available algorithms, the technique provides closed form solutions finding required and suggests that can be chosen from finite alphabets such as binary-phase shift keying (BPSK) quadrature-phase (QPSK). Gaussian random-variables (RV's) are mapped onto CE non-Gaussian RV's using memoryless non-linear functions. The relationship between...

Aerosol Transmission is one of the major spread mechanism for diseases and responsible transmission virus over long distances. The advancement in nanotechnology has resulted sensors systems that allow us to deal with nanosized biological entities such as bacteria. In this work, idea viewing through aerosols their transport a molecular communication problem introduced. problems little or no control transmission, however, robust receiver can be designed using nano-biosensors information...

Iterative decoding of an irregular variable-length coding (IrVLC) scheme concatenated with precoded fast frequency-hopping (FFH) M-ary frequency-shift keying (MFSK) is considered. We employ extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) charts to investigate the three-stage concatenation FFH-MFSK demodulator, rate-1 decoder, and outer IrVLC decoder. The proposed joint source channel capable operating at low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) in Rayleigh fading channels contaminated by partial-band noise...

In contrast to phased-array radar, frequency-diverse-array (FDA) radar transmits signals of linearly increasing frequencies across the array. As a consequence, beampattern an FDA becomes range, angle, and time dependent, which is different from only angle dependent radar. The main limitation its shorter dwell time. this work, novel algorithm with low complexity proposed focus transmitted power in desired region-of-interest for longer exploits discrete-Fourier-transform provides closed-form...

The achievable performance of various diversity combining schemes used in fast frequency hopping (FFH) aided M-ary shift keying (MFSK) systems operating a multiple access scenario subjected to Nakagami-m fading is investigated. Specifically, linear, self-normalization, hard limiting majority vote, soft limiting, product and order statistics-normalized envelope detection based are considered. comparison on the bit error rate versus number simultaneous users supported. It shown using...

In this contribution, we analyze the bit error rate (BER) performance of fast frequency hopping (FFH) assisted M-ary shift keying (MFSK) using product combining. Product combining constitutes an efficient yet low-complexity scheme that may be employed in FFH-MFSK receiver to combat detrimental effects interference or jamming. We propose a novel approach analysis system, which is based on Mellin transform. Using approach, probability density function (PDF) combiner output expressed closed...

In a multi-path channel an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system is very robust to selective fading, but it sensitive the time fading of mobile channel. Time selectivity causes inter-carrier-interference (ICI) in OFDM, thereby degrading performance significantly and increasing computational complexity receiver. On other hand, introduces temporal diversity. this work, low iterative method addressed compensate for adverse effects while achieving diversity benefits. The...

This paper, addressing the integration requirements of radar imaging and communication for High-Altitude Platform Stations (HAPs) platforms, designs a waveform based on linear frequency modulated (LFM) frequency-hopping signals that combines synthetic aperture (SAR) functionalities. Specifically, each pulse an LFM signal is segmented into multiple parts, forming sequence sub-pulses. Each sub-pulse can adopt different carrier frequency, leading to hops between design termed index modulation...

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We utilized an eConsult program to assess the appropriateness and completeness of hematuria evaluation among one largest Medicaid networks in California, Inland Empire Health Plan.We retrospectively reviewed all consults from May 2018 August 2020. Patient demographic clinical data were extracted electronic health record dialogues between primary care provider specialist including laboratory results imaging. calculated proportions imaging types outcome eConsults patients. χ2 Fisher's exact...

In this contribution, we propose two successive interference cancellation (SIC) schemes for a fast frequency hopping (FFH) multiple access (MA) system using M-ary shift keying (MFSK) and invoking multi-user detection (MUD). One of the proposed invokes clipped combining, while other scheme employs both product combining combining. The SIC are adapted from by U.-C. Fiebig in 1996. basic principle is that carried out stages during each stage, only most reliable symbols detected. subsequent...

Electrocardiograph (ECG) signals are used to monitor heart activities, which is a non-invasive technique. To detect problem in the heart, an expert required read these and diagnose disease. In this paper, simple fast automatic technique proposed know if person going through Myocardial Infarction. The exploits cross-correlation between ECG does not require signals. Data acquired from online resource contains baseline wanders noise. remove noise discrete-wavelet-transform moving average...