A5010226943- Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Wave and Wind Energy Systems
- Radiation Shielding Materials Analysis
- Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis
- Laser Material Processing Techniques
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Advancements in Photolithography Techniques
- Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
- Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
- Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies
- Semiconductor materials and interfaces
University of Rochester
2023
Durham University
2023
Pacific Standard
2023
University of California, San Diego
2023
University of Central Florida
2019-2020
European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser
2011-2019
Oerlikon (Switzerland)
2017
Paul Scherrer Institute
2015
Politecnico di Milano
2009-2011
University of Milan
2007-2010
We studied experimentally and theoretically the structural transition of diamond under an irradiation with intense femtosecond extreme ultraviolet laser (XUV) pulse 24--275 eV photon energy provided by free-electron lasers. Experimental results obtained show that irradiated undergoes a solid-to-solid phase to graphite, not amorphous state. Our theoretical findings suggest nature this is nonthermal, stimulated change interatomic potential triggered excitation valence electrons. Ultrashort...
X-ray Free Electron Lasers (XFELs) have the potential to contribute many fields of science and enable new avenues research, in large part due their orders magnitude higher peak brilliance than existing future synchrotrons. To best exploit this brilliance, these XFEL beams need be focused appropriate spot sizes. However, survivability optical components intense, femtosecond radiation conditions is not guaranteed. As mirror optics are routinely used at facilities, a physical understanding...
The rapidly growing ultrafast science with X-ray lasers unveils atomic scale processes unprecedented time resolution bringing the so called "molecular movie" within reach. absorption spectroscopy is one of most powerful x-ray techniques providing both local order and electronic structure when coupled ad-hoc theory. Collecting spectra few pulses possible only in a dispersive setup. We demonstrate time-resolved measurements LIII-edge near-edge irreversibly laser excited Molybdenum using an...
The time evolution of the electron structure is investigated in a molybdenum foil heated up to warm dense matter regime by femtosecond laser pulse, through time-resolved x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy. Spectra are measured with independent characterizations temperature and density. They successfully compared ab initio quantum molecular dynamic calculations. We demonstrate that observed white line ${L}_{3}$ edge reveals density state from solid hot (a few eV) expanding liquid. data...
The interaction of free electron laser pulses with grating structure is investigated using 4.6±0.1 nm radiation at the FLASH facility in Hamburg. For fluences above 63.7±8.7 mJ/cm2, triggers a damage process starting edge as evidenced by optical and atomic force microscopy. Simulations based on solution Helmholtz equation demonstrate an enhancement electric field intensity distribution structure. A procedure finally deduced to evaluate threshold.
In this article, we describe the experimental station and procedures for investigating interaction of short-wavelength free-electron lasers (FELs) pulses with solids. With advent these sources, a unique combination radiation properties (including wavelength range from tens nanometers down to sub-Angstroms, femtosecond pulse duration, high energy reaching milli-Joules level) creates new research possibilities systematic studies radiation-induced structural changes in However, intense FEL...
An irreversible response of inorganic scintillators to intense soft xray laser radiation was investigated at the FLASH (Free-electron LASer in Hamburg) facility.Three ionic crystals, namely, Ce:YAG (cerium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet), PbWO 4 (lead tungstate), and ZnO (zinc oxide), were exposed single 4.6 nm ultra-short pulses variable pulse energy (up 12 μJ) under normal incidence conditions with tight focus.Damaged areas produced various levels fluences, analyzed on surface irradiated...
X-ray Diffraction Imaging is a technique able to highlight the differences in molecular composition of sample under analysis owing difference their scattering properties. A laboratory based imaging system that will allow well-resolved diffraction images space and energy was designed, setup experimentally qualified. The key features proposed are following: (i) collimation on polycapillary optics instead conventional mechanical collimators (ii) energy-dispersive detection Controlled-Drift...
A detector that looks promising for advanced imaging modalities--such as X-ray absorption contrast imaging, fluorescence and diffraction-enhanced imaging--is the controlled-drift (CDD). The CDD is a novel two-dimensional imager with energy resolving capability of spectroscopic quality. It built on fully depleted silicon wafer features fast readout while being operated at or near room temperature. use CDDs in aforementioned applications allows translating these techniques from...
We suggest optical schemes for the European X-ray Free Electron Laser facility (XFEL.EU) in Hamburg: a single element spectrometer on basis of reflection zone plate (RZP) single-shot diagnostics; and two-element soft two RZPs to carry out Resonant Inelastic Scattering (RIXS) experiments. With this setup, full map sample spectrum is obtainable measurement. The main advantage using plates possibility enable dispersion focusing one step. Moreover, highest possible transmission achieved by...
With the development of hard X-ray free electron lasers, there is a pressing need to experimentally determine single shot damage limits presently used and potential future optical coating materials. To this end we present results, analysis fluence threshold limits, from grazing incidence geometry experiments conducted at Spring-8 Angstrom Compact LAser (SACLA) on Carbon coatings 7 12 keV photon energies.
At the European X-ray Free Electron Laser facility one‐ or two‐ Si(111) channel (cut) crystal X‐ray monochromator (Kmonochromator) are planned for photon beam based alignment: gap tuning of undulator segments and phase shifters during commissioning maintenance undulators. A prototype device has been built using a single channel-cut was characterized at PETRAIII synchrotron (at P01, which is only beamline with two segments) by applying different adjustment methods, intended XFEL, that use...
This paper presents the outcome of ray tracing simulations for different optical schemes to be setup at the European X-ray Free Electron Laser facility (XFEL.EU), Germany: one- or two- channel (cut) crystal X-ray monochromators (K-Mono; using spontaneous radiation) are planned and designed mainly photon beam based alignment, which is gap tuning undulator segments phase shifters during commissioning maintenance undulators. The coherent SASE (Self Amplified Spontaneous Emission) radiation...
Diffraction Enhanced Imaging (DEI) is a recent technique developed to improve the diagnostic capabilities of radiography by exploiting coherently scattered X-rays generate images that provide higher contrast than conventional transmission imaging. Earlier experiments, carried out in synchrotron environment using mechanical parallel-hole collimator coupled 2D X-ray imager, confirmed potential this mammography. The main limitations DEI come from detection system, requirement source and use...
X-ray Free-Electron-Lasers (XFEL) as the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) in USA, SACLA Japan, and European XFEL under construction Germany are 4th generation light sources which allow research of at same time extremely small structures (Ångström resolution) fast phenomena (femtosecond resolution). Unlike pulses from a conventional optical laser, radiation these is created by Self-Amplified Spontaneous Emission (SASE) process when electron bunches pass through very long segmented...
Wave energy conversion technologies have recently attracted more attention as part of global efforts to replace fossil fuels with renewable resources. While ocean waves can provide energy, they also be destructive coastal areas that are often densely populated and vulnerable erosion. There been a variety mitigate the impacts wave- storm-induced erosion; however, either temporary solutions or approaches not able adapt changing climate. This study explores green sustainable approach mitigating...
X-ray Free-Electron-Laser (XFEL) facilities like the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) in USA, SACLA Japan, and European XFEL under construction Germany are 4th generation light sources which allow research of at same time extremely small structures (Ångström resolution) fast phenomena (femtosecond resolution). Unlike pulses from a conventional optical laser, radiation these is created by Self-Amplified Spontaneous Emission (SASE) process when electron bunches pass through very long...
The European X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL.EU) under construction will provide highly brilliant soft to hard (<280 eV - <20 keV) radiation with an intra-bunch train repetition rate of 4.5 MHz by employing the self-amplified spontaneous emission process. resulting statistical fluctuations important beam characteristics makes pulse-to-pulse diagnostics data photon a mandatory reference during user experiments. We present our concepts analysing photoemission from rare gases...
X-ray Scatter Imaging (XSI) is a technique based on exploiting the capability of coherently scattered X-rays to probe structure matter at molecular level which can produce images with higher contrast and specificity than conventional transmission imaging. A novel XSI system was developed, featuring improved spatial resolution ability exploit photon energy information. To this purpose we employed collimation parallel polycapillaries each having diameter some 10¿m. This approach lead dramatic...
LISA Pathfinder is an ESA experiment to demonstrate the key technologies needed for mission detect gravitational waves in space. The spacecraft represents one arm of interferometer, containing optical metrology system and two proof masses as inertial references drag-free control system. payload consists floating test located sensors with their electronics subsystem. subsystem monitors movement both relative each other very high sensitivity resolution. This achieved a heterodyne Mach- Zehnder...
Both x-ray diffraction and fluorescence techniques have proven beneficial for identifying characterizing biological tissues. X-ray analysis uses the elemental composition of sample to discriminate between tissue types, can provide a considerable enhancement in contrast over conventional imaging. fluorescence, this case, is being used locate presence nanoparticles, such as gold, which are embedded into tissues biomarkers map disease state. A novel system developed combines these two order...