Fasudil, a Rho-kinase inhibitor, may improve insulin signaling. However, its long-term effect on metabolic abnormalities and preventive diabetic nephropathy are still unknown. We assessed these effects of fasudil in insulin-resistant rats, comparing them with those an angiotensin II receptor blocker, olmesartan. Male Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) Otsuka, non-diabetic control, rats at 15 weeks age were used. OLETF randomized to receive low or high dose olmesartan for 25 weeks. To...

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) is associated with small-vessel vasculitis particularly in the kidneys and can induce formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) from primed neutrophils. Recently we have reported that induction NETs correlates ANCA affinity for myeloperoxidase (MPO) disease activity patients MPO-ANCA-associated microscopic polyangiitis. To investigate whether MPO-ANCA vivo, examined occurrence renal tissues polyangiitis by double immunofluorescence...

Renal interstitial fibrosis is the final common pathway determining long-term prognosis of chronic kidney diseases, but its repair process scarcely understood. Because recent reports indicate that M2 macrophages play important roles in various tissues, special attention was paid to phenotypes infiltrating present study when histological changes occurring mouse kidneys after release unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) inducing renal were analyzed.The left ureter male mice obstructed for 10...

Background. Macrophage infiltration in kidney is one of the most important events for progression diabetic nephropathy. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), an anti-inflammatory agent, has been shown to suppress macrophage and improve renal injury streptozotocin-induced kidneys. We examined whether mizoribine, which acts through immunosuppressive mechanisms similar MMF, inhibits nephropathy non-insulin-dependent rats.

Fractalkine is induced on activated endothelial cells and promotes strong adhesion of T monocytes via its receptor CX3CR1. In kidney, fractalkine expression might be by high shear stress play an important role in prolonged glomerular diseases. We examined whether CX3CR1 upregulation are found streptozotocin-induced diabetic kidneys.Diabetic rats were randomized to receive angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (temocapril), aminoguanidine or no treatment. Reverse transcription-competitive...

The voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 has been recently identified as a molecular target that allows the selective pharmacological suppression of effector memory T cells (T EM ) without affecting function naïve N and central CM ). We found was expressed on glomeruli some tubules in rats with anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis (anti-GBM GN). A flow cytometry analysis using kidney revealed most CD4 + CD8 had phenotype (CD45RC − CD62L Double immunofluorescence staining...

<i>Background:</i> Transglutaminase (Tg)-2 is shown to be related renal fibrosis. However, its roles in human kidney disease have not been fully studied. <i>Methods:</i> Using immunohistochemistry, we examined Tg-2 expression biopsy specimens from 22 patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and correlated the intensity of staining clinical histopathological parameters. We compared distribution those transforming growth factor (TGF)-β staining. <i>Results:</i>...

<i>Background/Aims:</i> Renal interstitial fibrosis is a final common pathway of all chronic, progressive kidney diseases. Peritubular capillary rarefaction strongly correlated with fibrosis. The adherens junction protein vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) thought to play critical role in integrity. We hypothesized that VE-cadherin modulates the renal microcirculation during fibrogenesis and ultimately affects <i>Methods:</i> Unilateral ureteral obstruction...

To examine the additive protective effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist pioglitazone (Pio) and angiotensin II receptor blocker candesartan (Cand) in a murine model renal fibrosis: mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).Mice were randomly assigned into four groups that after UUO received i.p. injections either Pio (10 mg/kg/day), Cand (1 + or vehicle for 10 days. Physiological parameters, degree fibrosis molecules related to analysed, sham-operated used...

Background Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated glomerulonephritis (AAGN) is the fulminant glomerular diseases with poor renal prognosis. Activation of complement system has recently been reported in pathogenesis AAGN, but it remains to be clarified as which pathway mainly involved.Methods 20 patients myeloperoxidase (MPO)-AAGN were retrospectively evaluated. Using serum samples, circulating immune-complexes (CICs) assessed by monoclonal rheumatoid factor assay, and C5a...

Anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) glomerulonephritis does not usually coexist with another such as IgA nephropathy. We present a rare case having combination of these two diseases, and furthermore, histological evaluation could be performed before after the development anti-GBM over period only10 months.A 66-year-old woman was admitted complaints microscopic hematuria mild proteinuria for past 3 years. Serum creatinine level normal at that time. The first renal biopsy performed. Light...

A pathogenic role of intraglomerular plasmin bound to nephritogenic antigen (nephritis-associated receptor, NAPlr) and resistant physiologic inhibitors such as alpha(2)-antiplasmin (alpha(2)-AP) has recently been proposed in acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN). To confirm this concept, we analysed the urinary profile cascade APSGN patients.Urine samples from 10 patients with APSGN, 12 IgA nephropathy (IgAN), streptococcal infection without nephritis (SI) healthy control...

The profibrotic effect of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in renal fibrosis is widely recognized, but its mechanism remains controversial especially chronic progressive kidney disease. In the present study, pioglitazone (Pio) and candesartan (CD), which are reported to inhibit PAI-1, were administered spontaneously hypercholesterolemic (SHC) rats, a model Therapeutic effects on intrarenal plasmin cascade examined. Eight-wk-old SHC rats used as controls. Oral administration vehicle...

We report a case of membranous nephropathy with monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig)M lambda deposits in patient IgM gammopathy, whom histological changes were observed on repeat renal biopsy. A 72-year-old Japanese woman was referred to our hospital because massive proteinuria. prominent increase level identified, and she diagnosed as having gammopathy undetermined significance. Renal biopsy showed glomerular subepithelial electron-dense that found be granular but not kappa or IgG by...

Although experimental models have shown that the innate immune system is a main contributor to acute kidney injury (AKI), its involvement in human sepsis-associated AKI (SA-AKI) remains unclear. We retrospectively evaluated 19 patients with SA-AKI who were treated continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Serum cytokine, complement components, and proportion functions of cells, such as CD56+ T natural killer (NK) monocytes, analyzed. There no differences proportions NK cells between...

A predominant Th2 immune response is suggested in the pathogenesis of both minimal change disease (MCD) and membranous nephropathy (MN); however, consecutive development 2 diseases a patient extremely rare.A Japanese man, who developed nephrotic syndrome his 50s was diagnosed with MCD by renal biopsy, experienced relapse proteinuria approximately 3 years later during long-term steroid treatment. Since resistant to increase dosage, repeat biopsy performed, which revealed small amount...

Abstract We report a case of pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) caused by parvovirus B19 (PVB19) infection, which was transmitted through kidney allograft. The patient underwent living‐donor transplant from his wife at the age 60. Despite successful engraftment with normal creatinine level, he developed severe anemia that required frequent blood transfusions 2 months after transplantation. Renal unlikely as serum erythropoietin level extremely high. A bone marrow aspiration test demonstrated...

A 57-year-old man who received a kidney transplant 4 years previously owing to unknown underlying disease presented with thrombocytopenia and fever. Hepatosplenomegaly lymphadenopathy were observed, development of prominent anasarca worsening renal function yielded the diagnosis TAFRO syndrome. He was treated high-dose steroids plasmapheresis, thrombopoietin receptor agonist administered for refractory thrombocytopenia. However, his general condition worsened, he died on day 92....