SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) is a comprehensive, semi-distributed river basin model that requires large number of input parameters, which complicates parameterization calibration. Several calibration techniques have been developed for SWAT, including manual procedures automated using the shuffled complex evolution method other common methods. In addition, SWAT-CUP was recently provides decision-making framework incorporates semi-automated approach (SUFI2) both incorporating...

Excessive nutrients transported from the Mississippi River Basin (MRB) have created a hypoxic zone within Gulf of Mexico, with numerous negative ecological effects. Furthermore, federal expenditures on agricultural conservation practices received intense scrutiny in recent years. Partly driven by these factors, USDA Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) recently completed comprehensive evaluation nutrient sources and delivery to Gulf. The modeling framework used CEAP Cropland...

The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) [previously Soil (SCS)] developed the SCS runoff curve-number (CN) method for estimating direct from storm rainfall. NRCS uses CN designing structures and evaluating their effectiveness. Structural design is usually based on a single event of certain probability occurrence. During years when many floodwater-retarding watershed projects were planned constructed (1950–1980), equation was used in continuous mode to evaluate projects. To operate...

Water is an essential natural resource. Among many stressors, altered climate exerting pressure on water resource systems, increasing its demand and creating a need for vulnerability assessments. The overall objective of this study was to develop novel tool that can translate theoretical concept (vulnerability resources (VWR)) operational framework mainly under temperature precipitation, as well population change (smaller extent). developed had three stages utilized systems thinking...

Abstract The curve number (CN) method is widely used for rainfall–runoff modelling in continuous hydrologic simulation models. A sound soil moisture accounting procedure necessary models using the CN method. For shallow soils and with low storage, existing methods have limitations their ability to reproduce observed runoff. Therefore, a simple one‐parameter model based on Soil Conservation Society developed use simulation. sensitivity of parameter runoff predictions was also analysed. In...

Abstract: Physically based regional scale hydrologic modeling is gaining importance for planning and management of water resources. Calibration validation such model necessary before applying it scenario assessment. However, in most modeling, flow performed at the river basin outlet without accounting spatial variations hydrological parameters within subunits. In this study, we calibrated to capture runoff subwatershed level assure local balance, validated streamflow key gaging stations...

The USDA initiated the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) to quantify environmental benefits of conservation practices at regional and national scales. For this assessment, a sampling modeling approach is used. This paper provides technical overview used in CEAP cropland assessment estimate off-site water quality using Ohio River Basin (ORB) as an example. uses farm-scale model, Agricultural Policy Environmental Extender (APEX), watershed scale model (the Soil Water Tool [SWAT])...

The purpose of the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) cropland national assessment is to quantify environmental benefits conservation programs at regional and levels, which include both onsite instream water quality benefits. Modeling an effective tool for scale due complexities in nature this scale. Two simulation models, Agricultural Policy Environmental eXtender (APEX) Soil Water Tool (SWAT), were used CEAP assessment. A subset National Resources Inventory (NRI) sample points...

Weather extremes and climate variability directly impact the hydrological cycle influencing agricultural productivity. The issues related to change are of prime concern for every nation as its implications posing negative impacts on society. In this study, we used three scenarios simulate local hydrology a small watershed. emission from Special Report Emission Scenarios, Intergovernmental Panel Climate Change (IPCC) 2007 analyzed in study were A2 (high emission), A1B (medium B1 (low...

The agricultural community has a challenge of increasing food production by more than 70% to meet demand from the global population increase mid-21st century. Sustainable involves sustained availability resources, such as water and energy, agriculture. key challenges sustainable are increase, demands for food, climate change, variability, decreasing per capita land resources. To discuss details on (a) (b) mitigation options available, special issue “Water Management Food Production” was...

Off-target pesticide drift from cropland is a major source of exposure to pollinating insects inhabiting crop and wildlands in the lower Mississippi Delta (LMD) USA. This study aimed develop drift-reducing adjuvant that less/nontoxic honeybees. Ongoing toxicology experiments with two widely-used insecticides sodium alginate (SA) pointed out reductions honeybee mortality compared an industry standard reference polyacrylamide (PAM). When used as spray same described above, SA did not interfere...

Simulating irrigation systems by accounting for various water loss rates is necessary while modeling the hydrology of cultivated canal-irrigated watersheds. The existing approaches to canal use situation-specific optimization procedures. In addition, they are focused on a management perspective rather than hydrologic perspective. this study, an approach developed model and best practices (BMPs) adequately simulate balance irrigated based requirement crops, number frequency irrigation,...

This study is a part of the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) aimed to quantify environmental and economic benefits conservation practices implemented in cultivated cropland throughout United States. The Soil Water Tool (SWAT) model under Hydrologic Modeling States (HUMUS) framework was used study. An automated flow calibration procedure developed calibrate runoff for each 8-digit watershed (within 20% target) partitioning into surface sub-surface components 10% target)....

This manuscript aims to present the framework for development of a four-stage tool sustainable groundwater management as one highly interactive three-day workshop products. The four stages in are (1) representing target system, (2) description system using components DPSIR (drivers, pressures, state, impact, responses), (3) causal chains/loops, and (4) identifying knowledge gaps articulating next steps. is an output from two-day Indo-US bilateral on "Integrated Hydrochemical Modeling...

The tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris, and the red-banded stink Piezodorus guildinii, pose significant economic threats to cotton soybean crops in mid-southern USA. However, efficacy of insecticide spraying is comparatively low, adjuvants play a crucial role optimizing performance. This study evaluated impact two adjuvants, sodium alginate (SA) polyacrylamide (PAM), on enhancing bifenthrin imidacloprid via laboratory spray bioassays. Both SA PAM demonstrated insignificant variation LC50...

New Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) algorithms for simulation of stormwater best management practices (BMPs) such as detention basins, wet ponds, sedimentation filtration retention irrigation systems are under development modeling small/urban watersheds. Modeling BMPs often requires time steps small minutes to realistically capture the instantaneous flow sediment load coming from upland areas. SWAT2005 uses Modified Universal Loss Equation (MUSLE) erosion load. The MUSLE model is an...

Sedimentation-filtration (SedFil) basins are one of the storm-water best management practices (BMPs) that intended to mitigate water quality problems in urban creeks and rivers. A new physically based model variably saturated flows was developed for simulating flow sediment SedFils within Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The integrated SWAT-SedFil allows simulation unsaturated filtration basin during small storms fully flow. Unsaturated modeled using a modified Green Ampt equation,...

Estimation of stream health involves the analysis changes in aquatic species, riparian vegetation, microinvertebrates, and channel degradation due to hydrologic occurring from anthropogenic activities. In this study, we quantified arising urbanization climate change using a combination widely accepted Indicators Hydrologic Alteration (IHA) Dundee Regime Assessment Method (DHRAM) on rapidly urbanized watershed Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan area Texas. Historical flow data were split into...